Antimicrobial resistance in community-acquired enteric pathogens amongst children ≤10-years in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Introduction: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global health priority. This systematic review summarizes the prevalence of AMR in enteric pathogens originating from the community, specifically among ≤10-year-old children in low-and middle-income countries (LMICs). In addition, it presents the pro...
| Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Formato: | Journal Article |
| Lenguaje: | Inglés |
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Frontiers Media
2025
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| Acceso en línea: | https://hdl.handle.net/10568/174364 |
| _version_ | 1855541725865443328 |
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| author | Okumu, Noah O. Muloi, Dishon M. Moodley, Arshnee Watson, J. Kiarie, Alice Ochieng, Linnet Wasonga, Joseph O. Mutisya, Christine Alumasa, Lorren Ngeranwa, J.J.N. Cumming, O. Cook, Elizabeth A.J. |
| author_browse | Alumasa, Lorren Cook, Elizabeth A.J. Cumming, O. Kiarie, Alice Moodley, Arshnee Muloi, Dishon M. Mutisya, Christine Ngeranwa, J.J.N. Ochieng, Linnet Okumu, Noah O. Wasonga, Joseph O. Watson, J. |
| author_facet | Okumu, Noah O. Muloi, Dishon M. Moodley, Arshnee Watson, J. Kiarie, Alice Ochieng, Linnet Wasonga, Joseph O. Mutisya, Christine Alumasa, Lorren Ngeranwa, J.J.N. Cumming, O. Cook, Elizabeth A.J. |
| author_sort | Okumu, Noah O. |
| collection | Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace) |
| description | Introduction: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global health priority. This systematic review summarizes the prevalence of AMR in enteric pathogens originating from the community, specifically among ≤10-year-old children in low-and middle-income countries (LMICs). In addition, it presents the proportions of pooled resistance in <i>Campylobacter</i> spp., <i>Escherichia coli</i>, <i>Shigella</i> spp., and <i>Salmonella</i> spp. (CESS) to clinically relevant antibiotics.
Methods: Six online repositories, namely PubMed, Medline, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, CABI, and EMBASE were searched for articles published between January 2005 and September 2024. Random-effects meta-analysis models were constructed to estimate the pooled AMR proportions for CESS pathogens, and a subgroup analysis by region was also carried out.
Results: A total of 64 publications from 23 LMICs met our inclusion criteria. The pooled estimates of <i>E. coli</i> AMR for clinically important antibiotics were as follows: sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (SXT) 71% [95%CI: 57–82%]; ampicillin (AMP) 56% [95%CI: 44–67%]; ciprofloxacin (CIP) 10% [95%CI: 5–20%]; and ceftriaxone (CRO) 8% [95%CI: 2–31%]. The proportions of AMR detected in <i>Shigella</i> spp. were AMP 76% [95%CI: 60–87%]; nalidixic acid (NA) 9% [95%CI: 2–31%]; CIP 3% [95%CI: 0–15%]; and CRO 2% [95%CI: 0–19%]. The proportions of <i>Salmonella</i> spp. AMR were AMP 55% [95%CI: 35–73%] and SXT 25% [95%CI: 15–38%]. The proportions of <i>Campylobacter</i> spp. AMR were erythromycin (ERY) 33% [95%CI: 12–64%] and CIP 27% [95%CI: 8–61%]. There was high variability in the regional subgroup analysis, with high interstudy and regional heterogeneity I2 ≥ 75%.
Conclusion: Our results shed light on drug-resistant enteric bacterial pathogens in young children, providing evidence that CESS pathogens are becoming increasingly resistant to clinically important antimicrobials. Regional differences in resistance patterns between these community isolates highlight the need for strong national and regional surveillance to detect regional variations and inform treatment and appropriate antibiotic stewardship programs. The limitations of our findings include high regional variability, significant interstudy heterogeneity, and underrepresentation of certain LMICs. |
| format | Journal Article |
| id | CGSpace174364 |
| institution | CGIAR Consortium |
| language | Inglés |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| publishDateRange | 2025 |
| publishDateSort | 2025 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media |
| publisherStr | Frontiers Media |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | CGSpace1743642025-12-08T10:29:22Z Antimicrobial resistance in community-acquired enteric pathogens amongst children ≤10-years in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis Okumu, Noah O. Muloi, Dishon M. Moodley, Arshnee Watson, J. Kiarie, Alice Ochieng, Linnet Wasonga, Joseph O. Mutisya, Christine Alumasa, Lorren Ngeranwa, J.J.N. Cumming, O. Cook, Elizabeth A.J. antimicrobial resistance children health Introduction: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global health priority. This systematic review summarizes the prevalence of AMR in enteric pathogens originating from the community, specifically among ≤10-year-old children in low-and middle-income countries (LMICs). In addition, it presents the proportions of pooled resistance in <i>Campylobacter</i> spp., <i>Escherichia coli</i>, <i>Shigella</i> spp., and <i>Salmonella</i> spp. (CESS) to clinically relevant antibiotics. Methods: Six online repositories, namely PubMed, Medline, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, CABI, and EMBASE were searched for articles published between January 2005 and September 2024. Random-effects meta-analysis models were constructed to estimate the pooled AMR proportions for CESS pathogens, and a subgroup analysis by region was also carried out. Results: A total of 64 publications from 23 LMICs met our inclusion criteria. The pooled estimates of <i>E. coli</i> AMR for clinically important antibiotics were as follows: sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (SXT) 71% [95%CI: 57–82%]; ampicillin (AMP) 56% [95%CI: 44–67%]; ciprofloxacin (CIP) 10% [95%CI: 5–20%]; and ceftriaxone (CRO) 8% [95%CI: 2–31%]. The proportions of AMR detected in <i>Shigella</i> spp. were AMP 76% [95%CI: 60–87%]; nalidixic acid (NA) 9% [95%CI: 2–31%]; CIP 3% [95%CI: 0–15%]; and CRO 2% [95%CI: 0–19%]. The proportions of <i>Salmonella</i> spp. AMR were AMP 55% [95%CI: 35–73%] and SXT 25% [95%CI: 15–38%]. The proportions of <i>Campylobacter</i> spp. AMR were erythromycin (ERY) 33% [95%CI: 12–64%] and CIP 27% [95%CI: 8–61%]. There was high variability in the regional subgroup analysis, with high interstudy and regional heterogeneity I2 ≥ 75%. Conclusion: Our results shed light on drug-resistant enteric bacterial pathogens in young children, providing evidence that CESS pathogens are becoming increasingly resistant to clinically important antimicrobials. Regional differences in resistance patterns between these community isolates highlight the need for strong national and regional surveillance to detect regional variations and inform treatment and appropriate antibiotic stewardship programs. The limitations of our findings include high regional variability, significant interstudy heterogeneity, and underrepresentation of certain LMICs. 2025-04-28 2025-04-29T06:33:50Z 2025-04-29T06:33:50Z Journal Article https://hdl.handle.net/10568/174364 en Open Access Frontiers Media Okumu, N.O., Muloi, D.M., Moodley, A., Watson, J., Kiarie, A., Ochieng, L., Wasonga, J.O., Mutisya, C., Alumasa, L., Ngeranwa, J.J.N., Cumming, O. and Cook, E.A.J. 2025. Antimicrobial resistance in community-acquired enteric pathogens amongst children ≤10-years in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Frontiers in Microbiology 16: 1539160. |
| spellingShingle | antimicrobial resistance children health Okumu, Noah O. Muloi, Dishon M. Moodley, Arshnee Watson, J. Kiarie, Alice Ochieng, Linnet Wasonga, Joseph O. Mutisya, Christine Alumasa, Lorren Ngeranwa, J.J.N. Cumming, O. Cook, Elizabeth A.J. Antimicrobial resistance in community-acquired enteric pathogens amongst children ≤10-years in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title | Antimicrobial resistance in community-acquired enteric pathogens amongst children ≤10-years in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_full | Antimicrobial resistance in community-acquired enteric pathogens amongst children ≤10-years in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_fullStr | Antimicrobial resistance in community-acquired enteric pathogens amongst children ≤10-years in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Antimicrobial resistance in community-acquired enteric pathogens amongst children ≤10-years in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_short | Antimicrobial resistance in community-acquired enteric pathogens amongst children ≤10-years in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_sort | antimicrobial resistance in community acquired enteric pathogens amongst children ≤10 years in low and middle income countries a systematic review and meta analysis |
| topic | antimicrobial resistance children health |
| url | https://hdl.handle.net/10568/174364 |
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