Genetic estimates and genome-wide association studies of antibody response in Tanzanian dairy cattle

Identifying the genetic determinants of host defence against infectious pathogens is central to enhancing disease resilience and therapeutic efficacy in livestock. Here, we investigated immune response heritability to important infectious diseases affecting smallholder dairy cattle using variance co...

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Autores principales: Hernandez-Castro, L.E., Cook, Elizabeth A.J., Matika, O., Mengele, I.J., Motto, S.K., Bwatota, S.F., Zirra-Shallangwa, B., Pong-Wong, R., Prendergast, J., Mrode, Raphael A., Toye, Philip G., Komwihangilo, D.M., Lyatuu, E., Karani, Benedict E., Nangekhe, Gertrude, Okeyo Mwai, Ally, Shirima, G.M., Bronsvoort, B.M. de C.
Formato: Journal Article
Lenguaje:Inglés
Publicado: Frontiers Media 2025
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/10568/174340
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author Hernandez-Castro, L.E.
Cook, Elizabeth A.J.
Matika, O.
Mengele, I.J.
Motto, S.K.
Bwatota, S.F.
Zirra-Shallangwa, B.
Pong-Wong, R.
Prendergast, J.
Mrode, Raphael A.
Toye, Philip G.
Komwihangilo, D.M.
Lyatuu, E.
Karani, Benedict E.
Nangekhe, Gertrude
Okeyo Mwai, Ally
Shirima, G.M.
Bronsvoort, B.M. de C.
author_browse Bronsvoort, B.M. de C.
Bwatota, S.F.
Cook, Elizabeth A.J.
Hernandez-Castro, L.E.
Karani, Benedict E.
Komwihangilo, D.M.
Lyatuu, E.
Matika, O.
Mengele, I.J.
Motto, S.K.
Mrode, Raphael A.
Nangekhe, Gertrude
Okeyo Mwai, Ally
Pong-Wong, R.
Prendergast, J.
Shirima, G.M.
Toye, Philip G.
Zirra-Shallangwa, B.
author_facet Hernandez-Castro, L.E.
Cook, Elizabeth A.J.
Matika, O.
Mengele, I.J.
Motto, S.K.
Bwatota, S.F.
Zirra-Shallangwa, B.
Pong-Wong, R.
Prendergast, J.
Mrode, Raphael A.
Toye, Philip G.
Komwihangilo, D.M.
Lyatuu, E.
Karani, Benedict E.
Nangekhe, Gertrude
Okeyo Mwai, Ally
Shirima, G.M.
Bronsvoort, B.M. de C.
author_sort Hernandez-Castro, L.E.
collection Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace)
description Identifying the genetic determinants of host defence against infectious pathogens is central to enhancing disease resilience and therapeutic efficacy in livestock. Here, we investigated immune response heritability to important infectious diseases affecting smallholder dairy cattle using variance component analysis. We also conducted genome-wide association studies (GWAS) to identify genetic variants that may help understand the underlying biology of these health traits. By assessing 668,911 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) genotyped in 2,045 crossbred cattle sampled from six regions of Tanzania, we identified high levels of interregional admixture and European introgression, which may increase infectious disease susceptibility relative to indigenous breeds. Heritability estimates were low to moderate, ranging from 0.03 (SE ± 0.06) to 0.44 (SE ± 0.07), depending on the health trait. GWAS results revealed several loci associated with seropositivity to the viral diseases Rift Valley fever and bovine viral diarrhoea, the protozoan parasites <i>Neospora caninum</i> and <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i>, and the bacterial pathogens <i>Brucella</i> sp., <i>Leptospira</i> hardjo, and <i>Coxiella burnetii</i>. The identified quantitative trait loci mapped to genes involved in immune defence, tumour suppression, neurological processes, and cell exocytosis. We propose that our results provide a basis for future understanding of the cellular pathways contributing to general and taxon-specific infection responses, and for advancing selective breeding and therapeutic target design.
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spelling CGSpace1743402025-12-08T10:29:22Z Genetic estimates and genome-wide association studies of antibody response in Tanzanian dairy cattle Hernandez-Castro, L.E. Cook, Elizabeth A.J. Matika, O. Mengele, I.J. Motto, S.K. Bwatota, S.F. Zirra-Shallangwa, B. Pong-Wong, R. Prendergast, J. Mrode, Raphael A. Toye, Philip G. Komwihangilo, D.M. Lyatuu, E. Karani, Benedict E. Nangekhe, Gertrude Okeyo Mwai, Ally Shirima, G.M. Bronsvoort, B.M. de C. cattle dairying genetics genomics Identifying the genetic determinants of host defence against infectious pathogens is central to enhancing disease resilience and therapeutic efficacy in livestock. Here, we investigated immune response heritability to important infectious diseases affecting smallholder dairy cattle using variance component analysis. We also conducted genome-wide association studies (GWAS) to identify genetic variants that may help understand the underlying biology of these health traits. By assessing 668,911 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) genotyped in 2,045 crossbred cattle sampled from six regions of Tanzania, we identified high levels of interregional admixture and European introgression, which may increase infectious disease susceptibility relative to indigenous breeds. Heritability estimates were low to moderate, ranging from 0.03 (SE ± 0.06) to 0.44 (SE ± 0.07), depending on the health trait. GWAS results revealed several loci associated with seropositivity to the viral diseases Rift Valley fever and bovine viral diarrhoea, the protozoan parasites <i>Neospora caninum</i> and <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i>, and the bacterial pathogens <i>Brucella</i> sp., <i>Leptospira</i> hardjo, and <i>Coxiella burnetii</i>. The identified quantitative trait loci mapped to genes involved in immune defence, tumour suppression, neurological processes, and cell exocytosis. We propose that our results provide a basis for future understanding of the cellular pathways contributing to general and taxon-specific infection responses, and for advancing selective breeding and therapeutic target design. 2025-04-24 2025-04-28T05:42:27Z 2025-04-28T05:42:27Z Journal Article https://hdl.handle.net/10568/174340 en Open Access Frontiers Media Hernandez-Castro, L.E., Cook, E.A.J., Matika, O., Mengele, I.J., Motto, S.K., Bwatota, S.F., Zirra-Shallangwa, B., Pong-Wong, R., Prendergast, J., Mrode, R., Toye, P.G., Komwihangilo, D.M., Lyatuu, E., Karani, B.E., Nangekhe, G., Mwai, A.O., Shirima, G.M. and Bronsvoort, B.M. de C. 2025. Genetic estimates and genome-wide association studies of antibody response in Tanzanian dairy cattle. Frontiers in Genetics 16: 1497355.
spellingShingle cattle
dairying
genetics
genomics
Hernandez-Castro, L.E.
Cook, Elizabeth A.J.
Matika, O.
Mengele, I.J.
Motto, S.K.
Bwatota, S.F.
Zirra-Shallangwa, B.
Pong-Wong, R.
Prendergast, J.
Mrode, Raphael A.
Toye, Philip G.
Komwihangilo, D.M.
Lyatuu, E.
Karani, Benedict E.
Nangekhe, Gertrude
Okeyo Mwai, Ally
Shirima, G.M.
Bronsvoort, B.M. de C.
Genetic estimates and genome-wide association studies of antibody response in Tanzanian dairy cattle
title Genetic estimates and genome-wide association studies of antibody response in Tanzanian dairy cattle
title_full Genetic estimates and genome-wide association studies of antibody response in Tanzanian dairy cattle
title_fullStr Genetic estimates and genome-wide association studies of antibody response in Tanzanian dairy cattle
title_full_unstemmed Genetic estimates and genome-wide association studies of antibody response in Tanzanian dairy cattle
title_short Genetic estimates and genome-wide association studies of antibody response in Tanzanian dairy cattle
title_sort genetic estimates and genome wide association studies of antibody response in tanzanian dairy cattle
topic cattle
dairying
genetics
genomics
url https://hdl.handle.net/10568/174340
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