Analysis of spatio-temporal precipitation and temperature variability and trend over Sudd-Wetland, Republic of South Sudan

The Sudd Wetland, which supports millions of pastoralists and farmers, as well as the internationally renowned Ramsar Wetlands, are under pressure from population growth and climate change extremes such as flooding and drought. Using the Climate Hazards Group Infrareds Precipitation with Station (CH...

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Main Authors: Zeleke, Tadesse Terefe, Lukwas, Andu Zakaria Wani, Beketie, Kassahun Ture, Ayal, Desalegn Yayel
Format: Journal Article
Language:Inglés
Published: Elsevier 2024
Subjects:
Online Access:https://hdl.handle.net/10568/173548
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author Zeleke, Tadesse Terefe
Lukwas, Andu Zakaria Wani
Beketie, Kassahun Ture
Ayal, Desalegn Yayel
author_browse Ayal, Desalegn Yayel
Beketie, Kassahun Ture
Lukwas, Andu Zakaria Wani
Zeleke, Tadesse Terefe
author_facet Zeleke, Tadesse Terefe
Lukwas, Andu Zakaria Wani
Beketie, Kassahun Ture
Ayal, Desalegn Yayel
author_sort Zeleke, Tadesse Terefe
collection Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace)
description The Sudd Wetland, which supports millions of pastoralists and farmers, as well as the internationally renowned Ramsar Wetlands, are under pressure from population growth and climate change extremes such as flooding and drought. Using the Climate Hazards Group Infrareds Precipitation with Station (CHIRPS) and Climate Research Unit (CRU-TS4.06) datasets, this study investigates the spatiotemporal trend and variability of precipitation and temperature. As a result, descriptive statistics were used to describe the spatiotemporal behavior of precipitation and temperature. The Rotated Empirical Orthogonal Function (REOF) was used to detect the spatiotemporal variability of precipitation. The Pearson correlation method was used to investigate the relationship between Sea Surface Temperature (SST) and precipitation. The results revealed that Sudd-wetland receives 910 mm mean spatial annual precipitation and experienced 36 ◦C mean annual temperature with high spatiotemporal variations. It receives the highest precipitation in the summer season followed by autumn and spring. The precipitation amount decreases towards the north in all seasons. In both the summer and winter seasons, observed rainfall variability corresponds substantially to ENSO variability. In contrast, the spring and autumn seasons are more connected with Atlantic and Indian Ocean Sea surface temperature gradients. Alternatively, the Sudd wetland has been affected by prolonged drought and frequent flood events. The prolonged drought linked with the shrinking of the wetland are potential threat to the farmers and pastoralists to adapt to the changing climate. Hence, it is imperative to systematically analyze the wetland ecosystem from different dimensions and adjust the livelihood settings of the people to less climate-sensitive activities. Therefore, we suggest in-depth drought and flood risk evaluation and implementation of a realistic adaptation strategy to sustain the ecological and economic benefit of the wetland.
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spelling CGSpace1735482025-12-08T09:54:28Z Analysis of spatio-temporal precipitation and temperature variability and trend over Sudd-Wetland, Republic of South Sudan Zeleke, Tadesse Terefe Lukwas, Andu Zakaria Wani Beketie, Kassahun Ture Ayal, Desalegn Yayel precipitation temperature drought index The Sudd Wetland, which supports millions of pastoralists and farmers, as well as the internationally renowned Ramsar Wetlands, are under pressure from population growth and climate change extremes such as flooding and drought. Using the Climate Hazards Group Infrareds Precipitation with Station (CHIRPS) and Climate Research Unit (CRU-TS4.06) datasets, this study investigates the spatiotemporal trend and variability of precipitation and temperature. As a result, descriptive statistics were used to describe the spatiotemporal behavior of precipitation and temperature. The Rotated Empirical Orthogonal Function (REOF) was used to detect the spatiotemporal variability of precipitation. The Pearson correlation method was used to investigate the relationship between Sea Surface Temperature (SST) and precipitation. The results revealed that Sudd-wetland receives 910 mm mean spatial annual precipitation and experienced 36 ◦C mean annual temperature with high spatiotemporal variations. It receives the highest precipitation in the summer season followed by autumn and spring. The precipitation amount decreases towards the north in all seasons. In both the summer and winter seasons, observed rainfall variability corresponds substantially to ENSO variability. In contrast, the spring and autumn seasons are more connected with Atlantic and Indian Ocean Sea surface temperature gradients. Alternatively, the Sudd wetland has been affected by prolonged drought and frequent flood events. The prolonged drought linked with the shrinking of the wetland are potential threat to the farmers and pastoralists to adapt to the changing climate. Hence, it is imperative to systematically analyze the wetland ecosystem from different dimensions and adjust the livelihood settings of the people to less climate-sensitive activities. Therefore, we suggest in-depth drought and flood risk evaluation and implementation of a realistic adaptation strategy to sustain the ecological and economic benefit of the wetland. 2024-04 2025-03-10T15:40:16Z 2025-03-10T15:40:16Z Journal Article https://hdl.handle.net/10568/173548 en Open Access application/pdf Elsevier Zeleke, T.T.; Lukwas, A.Z.W.; Beketie, K.T.; Ayal, D.Y. (2024) Analysis of spatio-temporal precipitation and temperature variability and trend over Sudd-Wetland, Republic of South Sudan. Climate Services 34: 100451. ISSN: 2405-8807
spellingShingle precipitation
temperature
drought index
Zeleke, Tadesse Terefe
Lukwas, Andu Zakaria Wani
Beketie, Kassahun Ture
Ayal, Desalegn Yayel
Analysis of spatio-temporal precipitation and temperature variability and trend over Sudd-Wetland, Republic of South Sudan
title Analysis of spatio-temporal precipitation and temperature variability and trend over Sudd-Wetland, Republic of South Sudan
title_full Analysis of spatio-temporal precipitation and temperature variability and trend over Sudd-Wetland, Republic of South Sudan
title_fullStr Analysis of spatio-temporal precipitation and temperature variability and trend over Sudd-Wetland, Republic of South Sudan
title_full_unstemmed Analysis of spatio-temporal precipitation and temperature variability and trend over Sudd-Wetland, Republic of South Sudan
title_short Analysis of spatio-temporal precipitation and temperature variability and trend over Sudd-Wetland, Republic of South Sudan
title_sort analysis of spatio temporal precipitation and temperature variability and trend over sudd wetland republic of south sudan
topic precipitation
temperature
drought index
url https://hdl.handle.net/10568/173548
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