Enhancing yields and climate resilience through conservation agriculture: multi-year regional on-farm trials in Zambia

Background and aims: Conservation agriculture (CA) has gained traction as a climate-smart management strategy to enhance food security and maintain soil quality. However, nearly all investigations are based on controlled experimental studies with few long-term on-farm trials. The objective of the st...

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Main Authors: Phiri, M., Martinsen, V., Simusokwe, G., Smebye, A. B., Obia, A., Shitumbanuma, V., Selby, J., Cornelissen, G., Makate, C., Mulder, J.
Format: Journal Article
Language:Inglés
Published: Springer 2025
Online Access:https://hdl.handle.net/10568/173198
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author Phiri, M.
Martinsen, V.
Simusokwe, G.
Smebye, A. B.
Obia, A.
Shitumbanuma, V.
Selby, J.
Cornelissen, G.
Makate, C.
Mulder, J.
author_browse Cornelissen, G.
Makate, C.
Martinsen, V.
Mulder, J.
Obia, A.
Phiri, M.
Selby, J.
Shitumbanuma, V.
Simusokwe, G.
Smebye, A. B.
author_facet Phiri, M.
Martinsen, V.
Simusokwe, G.
Smebye, A. B.
Obia, A.
Shitumbanuma, V.
Selby, J.
Cornelissen, G.
Makate, C.
Mulder, J.
author_sort Phiri, M.
collection Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace)
description Background and aims: Conservation agriculture (CA) has gained traction as a climate-smart management strategy to enhance food security and maintain soil quality. However, nearly all investigations are based on controlled experimental studies with few long-term on-farm trials. The objective of the study was to assess the effect of CA on maize yield and soil fertility at smallholder farms in Zambia (2016–2021). Methods: About 100 on-farm trials were established. CA plots with maize (Zea mays L.) in annual rotation with soybean were compared pairwise with conventional plots, with maize monocropping, which were managed in accordance with local practices. Maize grain yield and soil pH, organic carbon, phosphorus and nitrogen were investigated. Results: Maize grain yield was significantly higher in CA (+ 24% to + 39%) compared to conventional management, due to early sowing and more effective use of precipitation. However, after 5 years, there was no significant difference in soil fertility between CA and conventional agriculture. Conclusion: CA provides a viable option for climate change adaptation due to increased yields and drought resilience. The higher yield under CA provides an opportunity to enhance food security. However, our results do not support that CA enhances soil organic carbon, available phosphorus and nitrogen after 5 years of maize-soybean rotation.
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spelling CGSpace1731982025-10-26T13:02:36Z Enhancing yields and climate resilience through conservation agriculture: multi-year regional on-farm trials in Zambia Phiri, M. Martinsen, V. Simusokwe, G. Smebye, A. B. Obia, A. Shitumbanuma, V. Selby, J. Cornelissen, G. Makate, C. Mulder, J. Background and aims: Conservation agriculture (CA) has gained traction as a climate-smart management strategy to enhance food security and maintain soil quality. However, nearly all investigations are based on controlled experimental studies with few long-term on-farm trials. The objective of the study was to assess the effect of CA on maize yield and soil fertility at smallholder farms in Zambia (2016–2021). Methods: About 100 on-farm trials were established. CA plots with maize (Zea mays L.) in annual rotation with soybean were compared pairwise with conventional plots, with maize monocropping, which were managed in accordance with local practices. Maize grain yield and soil pH, organic carbon, phosphorus and nitrogen were investigated. Results: Maize grain yield was significantly higher in CA (+ 24% to + 39%) compared to conventional management, due to early sowing and more effective use of precipitation. However, after 5 years, there was no significant difference in soil fertility between CA and conventional agriculture. Conclusion: CA provides a viable option for climate change adaptation due to increased yields and drought resilience. The higher yield under CA provides an opportunity to enhance food security. However, our results do not support that CA enhances soil organic carbon, available phosphorus and nitrogen after 5 years of maize-soybean rotation. 2025-08 2025-02-19T08:18:12Z 2025-02-19T08:18:12Z Journal Article https://hdl.handle.net/10568/173198 en Open Access Springer Phiri, M.; Martinsen, V.; Simusokwe, G.; Smebye, A. B.; Obia, A.; Shitumbanuma, V.; Selby, J.; Cornelissen, G.; Makate, C.; Mulder, J. 2025.Enhancing yields and climate resilience through conservation agriculture: multi-year regional on-farm trials in Zambia. Plant and Soil. 22p. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-024-07191-8]
spellingShingle Phiri, M.
Martinsen, V.
Simusokwe, G.
Smebye, A. B.
Obia, A.
Shitumbanuma, V.
Selby, J.
Cornelissen, G.
Makate, C.
Mulder, J.
Enhancing yields and climate resilience through conservation agriculture: multi-year regional on-farm trials in Zambia
title Enhancing yields and climate resilience through conservation agriculture: multi-year regional on-farm trials in Zambia
title_full Enhancing yields and climate resilience through conservation agriculture: multi-year regional on-farm trials in Zambia
title_fullStr Enhancing yields and climate resilience through conservation agriculture: multi-year regional on-farm trials in Zambia
title_full_unstemmed Enhancing yields and climate resilience through conservation agriculture: multi-year regional on-farm trials in Zambia
title_short Enhancing yields and climate resilience through conservation agriculture: multi-year regional on-farm trials in Zambia
title_sort enhancing yields and climate resilience through conservation agriculture multi year regional on farm trials in zambia
url https://hdl.handle.net/10568/173198
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