Yield stability of four staple crops of sub-Saharan Africa: analysis of long-term trials

Meeting the food demand of the growing population of sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) requires improvement of agronomic interventions including cropping systems and management practices that can lead to higher and more stable crop production. We reviewed studies on long-term experiments (LTEs) in SSA to ass...

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Autores principales: Awio, Thomas, Senthilkumar, Kalimuthu, Ibrahim, Ali, Corbeels, Marc, Saito, Kazuki
Formato: Journal Article
Lenguaje:Inglés
Publicado: Springer 2025
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/10568/172921
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author Awio, Thomas
Senthilkumar, Kalimuthu
Ibrahim, Ali
Corbeels, Marc
Saito, Kazuki
author_browse Awio, Thomas
Corbeels, Marc
Ibrahim, Ali
Saito, Kazuki
Senthilkumar, Kalimuthu
author_facet Awio, Thomas
Senthilkumar, Kalimuthu
Ibrahim, Ali
Corbeels, Marc
Saito, Kazuki
author_sort Awio, Thomas
collection Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace)
description Meeting the food demand of the growing population of sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) requires improvement of agronomic interventions including cropping systems and management practices that can lead to higher and more stable crop production. We reviewed studies on long-term experiments (LTEs) in SSA to assess yield and yield stability of maize, rice, sorghum, and pearl millet, and identify agronomic interventions having higher and more stable crop productivity. We used 558 observations from 58 LTEs across 13 SSA countries. Across crops, mineral fertiliser application significantly (p ≤ 0.04) increased yield and sustainable yield index (SYI) by 48–185% and 49–257%, respectively. Organic inputs significantly (p ≤ 0.04) increased yield of rainfed rice and maize by 21 and 79%, respectively, and SYI of pearl millet and maize by 133 and 125%, respectively. Green manure application (in-situ) considerably enhanced yield and SYI of maize by 207 and 291%, respectively, compared with no application. Combined application of mineral fertiliser and organic input substantially increased yield and SYI of maize by 23–36 and 31–43%, respectively. Conservation tillage practices and intercropping did not increase yield and yield stability. Across crops, irrespective of the agronomic interventions, SYI increased with higher yields, whereas for coefficient of variation only a significant negative relationship was observed for rice. The results of this study suggest that achieving both high yields and high yield stability are not conflicting goals. However, apart from mineral fertiliser, the impact of other agronomic interventions is crop specific. Given the limited availability of data from the crops other than maize, there is a need to establish a new generation of LTEs focusing on these other crops in diverse environments in SSA.
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spelling CGSpace1729212025-11-13T10:38:37Z Yield stability of four staple crops of sub-Saharan Africa: analysis of long-term trials Awio, Thomas Senthilkumar, Kalimuthu Ibrahim, Ali Corbeels, Marc Saito, Kazuki food security cropping systems crop management agronomic practices long-term experiments yield stability organic fertilizers intercropping conservation tillage coefficient of variation soil amendments Meeting the food demand of the growing population of sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) requires improvement of agronomic interventions including cropping systems and management practices that can lead to higher and more stable crop production. We reviewed studies on long-term experiments (LTEs) in SSA to assess yield and yield stability of maize, rice, sorghum, and pearl millet, and identify agronomic interventions having higher and more stable crop productivity. We used 558 observations from 58 LTEs across 13 SSA countries. Across crops, mineral fertiliser application significantly (p ≤ 0.04) increased yield and sustainable yield index (SYI) by 48–185% and 49–257%, respectively. Organic inputs significantly (p ≤ 0.04) increased yield of rainfed rice and maize by 21 and 79%, respectively, and SYI of pearl millet and maize by 133 and 125%, respectively. Green manure application (in-situ) considerably enhanced yield and SYI of maize by 207 and 291%, respectively, compared with no application. Combined application of mineral fertiliser and organic input substantially increased yield and SYI of maize by 23–36 and 31–43%, respectively. Conservation tillage practices and intercropping did not increase yield and yield stability. Across crops, irrespective of the agronomic interventions, SYI increased with higher yields, whereas for coefficient of variation only a significant negative relationship was observed for rice. The results of this study suggest that achieving both high yields and high yield stability are not conflicting goals. However, apart from mineral fertiliser, the impact of other agronomic interventions is crop specific. Given the limited availability of data from the crops other than maize, there is a need to establish a new generation of LTEs focusing on these other crops in diverse environments in SSA. 2025-06 2025-02-11T01:14:38Z 2025-02-11T01:14:38Z Journal Article https://hdl.handle.net/10568/172921 en Limited Access Springer Awio, Thomas, Kalimuthu Senthilkumar, Ali Ibrahim, Marc Corbeels, and Kazuki Saito (2025). Yield stability of four staple crops of sub-Saharan Africa: analysis of long-term trials. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems.
spellingShingle food security
cropping systems
crop management
agronomic practices
long-term experiments
yield stability
organic fertilizers
intercropping
conservation tillage
coefficient of variation
soil amendments
Awio, Thomas
Senthilkumar, Kalimuthu
Ibrahim, Ali
Corbeels, Marc
Saito, Kazuki
Yield stability of four staple crops of sub-Saharan Africa: analysis of long-term trials
title Yield stability of four staple crops of sub-Saharan Africa: analysis of long-term trials
title_full Yield stability of four staple crops of sub-Saharan Africa: analysis of long-term trials
title_fullStr Yield stability of four staple crops of sub-Saharan Africa: analysis of long-term trials
title_full_unstemmed Yield stability of four staple crops of sub-Saharan Africa: analysis of long-term trials
title_short Yield stability of four staple crops of sub-Saharan Africa: analysis of long-term trials
title_sort yield stability of four staple crops of sub saharan africa analysis of long term trials
topic food security
cropping systems
crop management
agronomic practices
long-term experiments
yield stability
organic fertilizers
intercropping
conservation tillage
coefficient of variation
soil amendments
url https://hdl.handle.net/10568/172921
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