Maize yield responsiveness and profitability of fertilizer: New survey evidence from six African countries

Enhancing maize productivity growth is pivotal for revolutionizing the agrifood system in Africa, with inorganic fertilizer serving as a fundamental input for catalyzing this progress. However, concerns are mounting about the low and decreasing yield response and profitability of inorganic fertilize...

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Autores principales: Ragasa, Catherine, Takeshima, Hiroyuki, Asante, Seth, Amare, Mulubrhan, Ma, Ning, Olanrewaju, Opeyemi, Duchoslav, Jan
Formato: Journal Article
Lenguaje:Inglés
Publicado: Elsevier 2025
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/10568/172861
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author Ragasa, Catherine
Takeshima, Hiroyuki
Asante, Seth
Amare, Mulubrhan
Ma, Ning
Olanrewaju, Opeyemi
Duchoslav, Jan
author_browse Amare, Mulubrhan
Asante, Seth
Duchoslav, Jan
Ma, Ning
Olanrewaju, Opeyemi
Ragasa, Catherine
Takeshima, Hiroyuki
author_facet Ragasa, Catherine
Takeshima, Hiroyuki
Asante, Seth
Amare, Mulubrhan
Ma, Ning
Olanrewaju, Opeyemi
Duchoslav, Jan
author_sort Ragasa, Catherine
collection Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace)
description Enhancing maize productivity growth is pivotal for revolutionizing the agrifood system in Africa, with inorganic fertilizer serving as a fundamental input for catalyzing this progress. However, concerns are mounting about the low and decreasing yield response and profitability of inorganic fertilizer use, particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa. This study aims to refine yield response and profitability models by incorporating recent data from nationally representative and panel datasets spanning six countries. Most countries exhibited low nitrogen yield responsiveness (4–7 kg), while Ghana and Uganda showed higher responsiveness (15–20 kg) per additional 1 kg of nitrogen. Analysis of fertilizer-to-maize price ratios from 2010 to 2023 showed a downward trend, with spikes in 2022 in Ghana, Malawi, Nigeria, and Tanzania. Overall, except for those years, the data suggest a trend of increasingly favorable price incentives for fertilizer use. Ethiopia, Tanzania, and Uganda experienced declines in the fertilizer-to-maize price ratio. Increasing inorganic fertilizer use would be profitable in Ethiopia, Ghana, Nigeria, and Uganda at current market prices, but not in Malawi or Tanzania. Subsidies in Malawi and Tanzania have boosted profitability, but these may not be necessary in Ghana, Nigeria, or Uganda, which already have favorable price incentives; Malawi could benefit by substantially reducing its 80 percent subsidy while maintaining decent price incentives and farm profits. The paper proposes policy options based on factors influencing yield responsiveness and potential improvements drawn from new modeling and synthesis of the literature.
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spelling CGSpace1728612025-10-26T12:50:57Z Maize yield responsiveness and profitability of fertilizer: New survey evidence from six African countries Ragasa, Catherine Takeshima, Hiroyuki Asante, Seth Amare, Mulubrhan Ma, Ning Olanrewaju, Opeyemi Duchoslav, Jan maize agricultural productivity agrifood systems inorganic fertilizers yields profitability data prices Enhancing maize productivity growth is pivotal for revolutionizing the agrifood system in Africa, with inorganic fertilizer serving as a fundamental input for catalyzing this progress. However, concerns are mounting about the low and decreasing yield response and profitability of inorganic fertilizer use, particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa. This study aims to refine yield response and profitability models by incorporating recent data from nationally representative and panel datasets spanning six countries. Most countries exhibited low nitrogen yield responsiveness (4–7 kg), while Ghana and Uganda showed higher responsiveness (15–20 kg) per additional 1 kg of nitrogen. Analysis of fertilizer-to-maize price ratios from 2010 to 2023 showed a downward trend, with spikes in 2022 in Ghana, Malawi, Nigeria, and Tanzania. Overall, except for those years, the data suggest a trend of increasingly favorable price incentives for fertilizer use. Ethiopia, Tanzania, and Uganda experienced declines in the fertilizer-to-maize price ratio. Increasing inorganic fertilizer use would be profitable in Ethiopia, Ghana, Nigeria, and Uganda at current market prices, but not in Malawi or Tanzania. Subsidies in Malawi and Tanzania have boosted profitability, but these may not be necessary in Ghana, Nigeria, or Uganda, which already have favorable price incentives; Malawi could benefit by substantially reducing its 80 percent subsidy while maintaining decent price incentives and farm profits. The paper proposes policy options based on factors influencing yield responsiveness and potential improvements drawn from new modeling and synthesis of the literature. 2025-05 2025-02-06T13:16:23Z 2025-02-06T13:16:23Z Journal Article https://hdl.handle.net/10568/172861 en https://hdl.handle.net/10568/148032 https://hdl.handle.net/10568/147956 https://hdl.handle.net/10568/146636 https://hdl.handle.net/10568/168416 https://hdl.handle.net/10568/168471 Open Access Elsevier Ragasa, Catherine; Takeshima, Hiroyuki; Asante, Seth; Amare, Mulubrhan; Ma, Ning; Olanrewaju, Opeyemi; and Duchoslav, Jan. 2025. Maize yield responsiveness and profitability of fertilizer: New survey evidence from six African countries. Food Policy 133(May 2025): 102815. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodpol.2025.102815
spellingShingle maize
agricultural productivity
agrifood systems
inorganic fertilizers
yields
profitability
data
prices
Ragasa, Catherine
Takeshima, Hiroyuki
Asante, Seth
Amare, Mulubrhan
Ma, Ning
Olanrewaju, Opeyemi
Duchoslav, Jan
Maize yield responsiveness and profitability of fertilizer: New survey evidence from six African countries
title Maize yield responsiveness and profitability of fertilizer: New survey evidence from six African countries
title_full Maize yield responsiveness and profitability of fertilizer: New survey evidence from six African countries
title_fullStr Maize yield responsiveness and profitability of fertilizer: New survey evidence from six African countries
title_full_unstemmed Maize yield responsiveness and profitability of fertilizer: New survey evidence from six African countries
title_short Maize yield responsiveness and profitability of fertilizer: New survey evidence from six African countries
title_sort maize yield responsiveness and profitability of fertilizer new survey evidence from six african countries
topic maize
agricultural productivity
agrifood systems
inorganic fertilizers
yields
profitability
data
prices
url https://hdl.handle.net/10568/172861
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