| Sumario: | In Tunisia, implementing partner ICARDA and its national partners have developed and validated several tools and technologies that align closely with Tunisian government priorities. By doing so, they have provided considerable support to ongoing technical and policy development, and implementation. This brief illustrates how initiative science was used to address rangeland degradation and support policy change in Tunisia by following two outcome pathways. First, through reinvigorating a traditional grazing approach, and second, by developing a Sustainable Rangeland Management Toolkit. Underpinning these tools and their outcome pathways is the strategic, integrated approach used by ICARDA and its national partners, which defines the entry points for each activity and where the capacity development support is needed. ICARDA has orchestrated the successful mainstreaming and uptake of its tools, technologies and processes to influence national policies by focusing consecutively on three levels (national government partners, pastoralists and farmers) and a landscape level where the science and pastoral innovations are co-developed with other innovation actors.
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