Agrifood value chains in India: A state-level analysis using a social accounting matrix

This study describes disparities in per capita income, in the structure of the economy, and in agrifood systems (AFS) across states in India. We use the gross value added (GVA) obtained from state-specific agrifood value chains (AVCs) to describe the size and structure of the AFS in each state of In...

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Autores principales: Pal, Barun Deb, Thurlow, James, Pauw, Karl, Diao, Xinshen, Ajmani, Manmeet Singh
Formato: Artículo preliminar
Lenguaje:Inglés
Publicado: International Food Policy Research Institute 2025
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/10568/170111
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author Pal, Barun Deb
Thurlow, James
Pauw, Karl
Diao, Xinshen
Ajmani, Manmeet Singh
author_browse Ajmani, Manmeet Singh
Diao, Xinshen
Pal, Barun Deb
Pauw, Karl
Thurlow, James
author_facet Pal, Barun Deb
Thurlow, James
Pauw, Karl
Diao, Xinshen
Ajmani, Manmeet Singh
author_sort Pal, Barun Deb
collection Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace)
description This study describes disparities in per capita income, in the structure of the economy, and in agrifood systems (AFS) across states in India. We use the gross value added (GVA) obtained from state-specific agrifood value chains (AVCs) to describe the size and structure of the AFS in each state of India. This study also presents the size of employment and variability in labor productivity within the AFS across states. A special focus is given to female and youth employment in the state specific AVCs. The 2017/18 state-level social accounting matrix (SAM) for India is the primary data source for estimating statewise GVA from the AFS. Periodic Labor Force Survey data are used to estimate the size of AFS employment. Our results reveal that the bottom half of the Indian population has an average per capita income of US$1,019, 2.5 times lower than that of the top half. India’s AFS is valued at $756 billion, or 31 percent of its GVA. Primary agriculture comprises 59 percent of the AFS, and off-farm activities the rest. The share of off-farm activities in the AFS rises moving from lower-income states to higher-income states, corroborating the theory of structural transformation. The national average share of female workers in total employment is 23 percent and the majority of women who do work are engaged in primary agriculture. The share of women employed in the primary agriculture sector does not change between low- and high-income states in India. In contrast, the share of youth in primary agriculture declines between lower- and higher-income states. Since state governments in India are empowered to design their own policy and development strategies, this study provides an important policy insight to both the federal (central) and state governments.
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spelling CGSpace1701112025-11-06T07:24:41Z Agrifood value chains in India: A state-level analysis using a social accounting matrix Pal, Barun Deb Thurlow, James Pauw, Karl Diao, Xinshen Ajmani, Manmeet Singh income agrifood systems value added value chains employment labour productivity data women gender This study describes disparities in per capita income, in the structure of the economy, and in agrifood systems (AFS) across states in India. We use the gross value added (GVA) obtained from state-specific agrifood value chains (AVCs) to describe the size and structure of the AFS in each state of India. This study also presents the size of employment and variability in labor productivity within the AFS across states. A special focus is given to female and youth employment in the state specific AVCs. The 2017/18 state-level social accounting matrix (SAM) for India is the primary data source for estimating statewise GVA from the AFS. Periodic Labor Force Survey data are used to estimate the size of AFS employment. Our results reveal that the bottom half of the Indian population has an average per capita income of US$1,019, 2.5 times lower than that of the top half. India’s AFS is valued at $756 billion, or 31 percent of its GVA. Primary agriculture comprises 59 percent of the AFS, and off-farm activities the rest. The share of off-farm activities in the AFS rises moving from lower-income states to higher-income states, corroborating the theory of structural transformation. The national average share of female workers in total employment is 23 percent and the majority of women who do work are engaged in primary agriculture. The share of women employed in the primary agriculture sector does not change between low- and high-income states in India. In contrast, the share of youth in primary agriculture declines between lower- and higher-income states. Since state governments in India are empowered to design their own policy and development strategies, this study provides an important policy insight to both the federal (central) and state governments. 2025-01-27 2025-01-27T16:50:11Z 2025-01-27T16:50:11Z Working Paper https://hdl.handle.net/10568/170111 en Open Access application/pdf International Food Policy Research Institute Pal, Barun Deb; Thurlow, James; Pauw, Karl; Diao, Xinshen; and Ajmani, Manmeet Singh. 2025. Agrifood value chains in India: A state-level analysis using a social accounting matrix. IFPRI Discussion Paper 2325. Washington, DC: International Food Policy Research Institute. https://hdl.handle.net/10568/170111
spellingShingle income
agrifood systems
value added
value chains
employment
labour productivity
data
women
gender
Pal, Barun Deb
Thurlow, James
Pauw, Karl
Diao, Xinshen
Ajmani, Manmeet Singh
Agrifood value chains in India: A state-level analysis using a social accounting matrix
title Agrifood value chains in India: A state-level analysis using a social accounting matrix
title_full Agrifood value chains in India: A state-level analysis using a social accounting matrix
title_fullStr Agrifood value chains in India: A state-level analysis using a social accounting matrix
title_full_unstemmed Agrifood value chains in India: A state-level analysis using a social accounting matrix
title_short Agrifood value chains in India: A state-level analysis using a social accounting matrix
title_sort agrifood value chains in india a state level analysis using a social accounting matrix
topic income
agrifood systems
value added
value chains
employment
labour productivity
data
women
gender
url https://hdl.handle.net/10568/170111
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