Advances in sorghum improvement for climate resilience in the global arid and semi-arid tropics: A Review

Sorghum is a climate-resilient crop which has been cultivated as a staple food in the semi-arid areas of Africa and Asia for food and nutrition security. However, the current climate change is increasingly affecting sorghum performance, especially at the flowering stage when water availability is cr...

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Autores principales: Mwamahonje, Andekelile, Mdindikasi, Zamu, Mchau, Devotha, Mwenda. Emmanuel, Sanga, Daines, Garcia Oliveira, Ana Luísa, Ojiewo, Chris O.
Formato: Journal Article
Lenguaje:Inglés
Publicado: MDPI 2024
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/10568/169953
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author Mwamahonje, Andekelile
Mdindikasi, Zamu
Mchau, Devotha
Mwenda. Emmanuel
Sanga, Daines
Garcia Oliveira, Ana Luísa
Ojiewo, Chris O.
author_browse Garcia Oliveira, Ana Luísa
Mchau, Devotha
Mdindikasi, Zamu
Mwamahonje, Andekelile
Mwenda. Emmanuel
Ojiewo, Chris O.
Sanga, Daines
author_facet Mwamahonje, Andekelile
Mdindikasi, Zamu
Mchau, Devotha
Mwenda. Emmanuel
Sanga, Daines
Garcia Oliveira, Ana Luísa
Ojiewo, Chris O.
author_sort Mwamahonje, Andekelile
collection Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace)
description Sorghum is a climate-resilient crop which has been cultivated as a staple food in the semi-arid areas of Africa and Asia for food and nutrition security. However, the current climate change is increasingly affecting sorghum performance, especially at the flowering stage when water availability is critical for grain filling, thus lowering the sorghum grain yield. The development of climate-resilient, biotic and abiotic stress-tolerant, market-preferred, and nutrient-dense sorghum varieties offers a potentially cost-effective and environmentally sustainable strategy for adapting to climate change. Some of the common technologies for sorghum improvement include mass selection, single seed descent, pure line selection, and marker-assisted selection, facilitated by backcrossing and genotyping using molecular markers. In addition, recent advancements including new machine learning algorithms, gene editing, genomic selection, rapid generation advancement, and recycling of elite material, along with high-throughput phenotyping tools such as drone- and satellite-based images and other speed-breeding techniques, have increased the precision, speed, and accuracy of new crop variety development. In addition to these modern breeding tools and technologies, enhancing genetic diversity to incorporate various climate resilience traits, including against heat and drought stress, into the current sorghum breeding pools is critical. This review covers the potential of sorghum as a staple food crop, explores the genetic diversity of sorghum, discusses the challenges facing sorghum breeding, highlights the recent advancements in technologies for sorghum breeding, and addresses the perceptions of farmers on sorghum production under the current climate change conditions.
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spelling CGSpace1699532025-12-08T10:29:22Z Advances in sorghum improvement for climate resilience in the global arid and semi-arid tropics: A Review Mwamahonje, Andekelile Mdindikasi, Zamu Mchau, Devotha Mwenda. Emmanuel Sanga, Daines Garcia Oliveira, Ana Luísa Ojiewo, Chris O. sorghum climate resilience drought resistance arid climate food security breeding methods genetic variation crop improvement Sorghum is a climate-resilient crop which has been cultivated as a staple food in the semi-arid areas of Africa and Asia for food and nutrition security. However, the current climate change is increasingly affecting sorghum performance, especially at the flowering stage when water availability is critical for grain filling, thus lowering the sorghum grain yield. The development of climate-resilient, biotic and abiotic stress-tolerant, market-preferred, and nutrient-dense sorghum varieties offers a potentially cost-effective and environmentally sustainable strategy for adapting to climate change. Some of the common technologies for sorghum improvement include mass selection, single seed descent, pure line selection, and marker-assisted selection, facilitated by backcrossing and genotyping using molecular markers. In addition, recent advancements including new machine learning algorithms, gene editing, genomic selection, rapid generation advancement, and recycling of elite material, along with high-throughput phenotyping tools such as drone- and satellite-based images and other speed-breeding techniques, have increased the precision, speed, and accuracy of new crop variety development. In addition to these modern breeding tools and technologies, enhancing genetic diversity to incorporate various climate resilience traits, including against heat and drought stress, into the current sorghum breeding pools is critical. This review covers the potential of sorghum as a staple food crop, explores the genetic diversity of sorghum, discusses the challenges facing sorghum breeding, highlights the recent advancements in technologies for sorghum breeding, and addresses the perceptions of farmers on sorghum production under the current climate change conditions. 2024-12 2025-01-26T02:21:15Z 2025-01-26T02:21:15Z Journal Article https://hdl.handle.net/10568/169953 en Open Access application/pdf MDPI Mwamahonje, A., Mdindikasi, Z.; Mchau, D., Mwenda, E., Sanga, D., Garcia-Oliveira, A.L., &Ojiewo, C.O. Advances in Sorghum Improvement for Climate Resilience in the Global Arid and Semi-Arid Tropics: A Review. Agronomy 14(12), 3025. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14123025
spellingShingle sorghum
climate resilience
drought resistance
arid climate
food security
breeding methods
genetic variation
crop improvement
Mwamahonje, Andekelile
Mdindikasi, Zamu
Mchau, Devotha
Mwenda. Emmanuel
Sanga, Daines
Garcia Oliveira, Ana Luísa
Ojiewo, Chris O.
Advances in sorghum improvement for climate resilience in the global arid and semi-arid tropics: A Review
title Advances in sorghum improvement for climate resilience in the global arid and semi-arid tropics: A Review
title_full Advances in sorghum improvement for climate resilience in the global arid and semi-arid tropics: A Review
title_fullStr Advances in sorghum improvement for climate resilience in the global arid and semi-arid tropics: A Review
title_full_unstemmed Advances in sorghum improvement for climate resilience in the global arid and semi-arid tropics: A Review
title_short Advances in sorghum improvement for climate resilience in the global arid and semi-arid tropics: A Review
title_sort advances in sorghum improvement for climate resilience in the global arid and semi arid tropics a review
topic sorghum
climate resilience
drought resistance
arid climate
food security
breeding methods
genetic variation
crop improvement
url https://hdl.handle.net/10568/169953
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