Gender pay gaps among agricultural and non-agricultural wage workers: A cross-country examination

While gender pay gaps in higher-income countries have been extensively studied, less information is available about the status of the gender pay gap in lower-middle-income countries (LMICs). This study provides new empirical estimates of the gender pay gap in agricultural and non-agricultural wage e...

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Autores principales: Benali, Marwan, Slavchevska, Vanya, Piedrahita, Natalia, Davis, Benjamin, Sitko, Nicholas, Nico, Gianluigi, Azzarri, Carlo
Formato: Informe técnico
Lenguaje:Inglés
Publicado: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations 2024
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/10568/169875
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author Benali, Marwan
Slavchevska, Vanya
Piedrahita, Natalia
Davis, Benjamin
Sitko, Nicholas
Nico, Gianluigi
Azzarri, Carlo
author_browse Azzarri, Carlo
Benali, Marwan
Davis, Benjamin
Nico, Gianluigi
Piedrahita, Natalia
Sitko, Nicholas
Slavchevska, Vanya
author_facet Benali, Marwan
Slavchevska, Vanya
Piedrahita, Natalia
Davis, Benjamin
Sitko, Nicholas
Nico, Gianluigi
Azzarri, Carlo
author_sort Benali, Marwan
collection Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace)
description While gender pay gaps in higher-income countries have been extensively studied, less information is available about the status of the gender pay gap in lower-middle-income countries (LMICs). This study provides new empirical estimates of the gender pay gap in agricultural and non-agricultural wage employment across a sample of ten LMICs covering multiple regions. The Kitagawa–Oaxaca–Blinder decomposition approach is used to unpack the factors that explain the pay gap across the sample of countries. The analysis shows large and significant gender gaps in pay in both agricultural and non-agricultural wage employment. Across the sample, the gender wage gap in favour of men is on average 18.4 percent in agricultural wage employment and 15.1 percent in the non-agricultural sector (unweighted means). The unexplained part of the gap, which is associated with discrimination and other unobservable factors such as skills, preferences or social norms, is the largest contributor to the wage gap in both sectors. However, differences in education, sector of employment and access to full-time employment also contribute to the gap. This background paper was prepared to inform Chapter 2 of FAO’s report on The status of women in agrifood systems: https://www.fao.org/documents/card/en/c/CC5060EN .
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publisherStr Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
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spelling CGSpace1698752025-04-25T19:45:25Z Gender pay gaps among agricultural and non-agricultural wage workers: A cross-country examination Benali, Marwan Slavchevska, Vanya Piedrahita, Natalia Davis, Benjamin Sitko, Nicholas Nico, Gianluigi Azzarri, Carlo gender gap workers gender inequality role of women employment remuneration less favoured areas statistical data While gender pay gaps in higher-income countries have been extensively studied, less information is available about the status of the gender pay gap in lower-middle-income countries (LMICs). This study provides new empirical estimates of the gender pay gap in agricultural and non-agricultural wage employment across a sample of ten LMICs covering multiple regions. The Kitagawa–Oaxaca–Blinder decomposition approach is used to unpack the factors that explain the pay gap across the sample of countries. The analysis shows large and significant gender gaps in pay in both agricultural and non-agricultural wage employment. Across the sample, the gender wage gap in favour of men is on average 18.4 percent in agricultural wage employment and 15.1 percent in the non-agricultural sector (unweighted means). The unexplained part of the gap, which is associated with discrimination and other unobservable factors such as skills, preferences or social norms, is the largest contributor to the wage gap in both sectors. However, differences in education, sector of employment and access to full-time employment also contribute to the gap. This background paper was prepared to inform Chapter 2 of FAO’s report on The status of women in agrifood systems: https://www.fao.org/documents/card/en/c/CC5060EN . 2024-02-08 2025-01-24T20:04:15Z 2025-01-24T20:04:15Z Report https://hdl.handle.net/10568/169875 en https://doi.org/10.4060/cc5060en Open Access Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Benali, Marwan; Slavchevska, Vanya; Piedrahita, Natalia; Davis, Benjamin; Sitko, Nicholas; Nico, Gianluigi; and Azzarri, Carlo. 2024. Gender pay gaps among agricultural and non-agricultural wage workers: A cross-country examination. Rome, FAO. https://doi.org/10.4060/cc9143en
spellingShingle gender gap
workers
gender inequality
role of women
employment
remuneration
less favoured areas
statistical data
Benali, Marwan
Slavchevska, Vanya
Piedrahita, Natalia
Davis, Benjamin
Sitko, Nicholas
Nico, Gianluigi
Azzarri, Carlo
Gender pay gaps among agricultural and non-agricultural wage workers: A cross-country examination
title Gender pay gaps among agricultural and non-agricultural wage workers: A cross-country examination
title_full Gender pay gaps among agricultural and non-agricultural wage workers: A cross-country examination
title_fullStr Gender pay gaps among agricultural and non-agricultural wage workers: A cross-country examination
title_full_unstemmed Gender pay gaps among agricultural and non-agricultural wage workers: A cross-country examination
title_short Gender pay gaps among agricultural and non-agricultural wage workers: A cross-country examination
title_sort gender pay gaps among agricultural and non agricultural wage workers a cross country examination
topic gender gap
workers
gender inequality
role of women
employment
remuneration
less favoured areas
statistical data
url https://hdl.handle.net/10568/169875
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AT davisbenjamin genderpaygapsamongagriculturalandnonagriculturalwageworkersacrosscountryexamination
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