A Blueprint for Building Resilience and Food Security in MENA and SSA Drylands: Diversifying Agriculture With Neglected and Underutilized Species

Drylands, encompassing 41% of global land and supporting over 2 billion people, face significant challenges, including water scarcity, extreme temperatures, and soil degradation. Dryland spans vast areas of Middle East and North Africa (MENA) and Sub-Sahara Africa (SSA) regions and poses a threat to...

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Autores principales: Devkota, Krishna, Devkota Wasti, Mina Kumari, Mabhaudi, Tafadzwanashe, Nangia, Vinay, Attaher, Samar, Jean Boroto, Ruhiza, Timsina, Jagadish, Siddique, Kadambot H M
Formato: Journal Article
Lenguaje:Inglés
Publicado: Wiley Open Access 2025
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/10568/169479
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author Devkota, Krishna
Devkota Wasti, Mina Kumari
Mabhaudi, Tafadzwanashe
Nangia, Vinay
Attaher, Samar
Jean Boroto, Ruhiza
Timsina, Jagadish
Siddique, Kadambot H M
author_browse Attaher, Samar
Devkota Wasti, Mina Kumari
Devkota, Krishna
Jean Boroto, Ruhiza
Mabhaudi, Tafadzwanashe
Nangia, Vinay
Siddique, Kadambot H M
Timsina, Jagadish
author_facet Devkota, Krishna
Devkota Wasti, Mina Kumari
Mabhaudi, Tafadzwanashe
Nangia, Vinay
Attaher, Samar
Jean Boroto, Ruhiza
Timsina, Jagadish
Siddique, Kadambot H M
author_sort Devkota, Krishna
collection Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace)
description Drylands, encompassing 41% of global land and supporting over 2 billion people, face significant challenges, including water scarcity, extreme temperatures, and soil degradation. Dryland spans vast areas of Middle East and North Africa (MENA) and Sub-Sahara Africa (SSA) regions and poses a threat to food security and resilience. This study examines the potential of neglected and underutilized species (NUS) to improve dryland food and nutrition security, focusing on their agronomic performance, water productivity, economic viability, and nutritional benefits. Using long-term data from FAOSTAT, USDA Food Data Central, and peer-reviewed literature, we analyzed trends in the cultivation, yield, and nutritional contributions of 26 NUS across 22 countries in the MENA region comparing them with major staples—rice, wheat, and maize. Between 1961 and 2022, NUS crop areas in MENA fluctuated, decreasing by 7.0% since 2018 to 21.17 Mha. Despite this, NUS demonstrated superior water productivity—up to 30% higher than major cereals. For instance, sorghum and cowpea achieved 2.5 kg/m3 compared to maize (0.83 kg/m3) and wheat (0.91 kg/m3) and exhibited strong heat tolerance, withstanding temperatures of up to 42°C and 38°C, respectively. Despite a negative trade balance, NUS significantly contributed to dietary calories, surpassing wheat. A field experiment in Merchouch, Morocco, confirmed that NUS offered a higher economic value per unit than wheat, and outperformed conventional crops across key indicators. Integrating NUS into dryland farming systems can enhance food security, sustainability, and resilience to climate change. Advancing NUS requires breeding programs, tailored good agricultural practices, value addition and market linkage, supportive policies, and farmer education. Collaborative efforts among international organizations, governments, and civil society are crucial to mainstreaming NUS in agrifood systems and contributing to the diversity, sustainability, and resilience of dryland farming systems in MENA and SSA regions.
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spelling CGSpace1694792026-01-23T02:17:27Z A Blueprint for Building Resilience and Food Security in MENA and SSA Drylands: Diversifying Agriculture With Neglected and Underutilized Species Devkota, Krishna Devkota Wasti, Mina Kumari Mabhaudi, Tafadzwanashe Nangia, Vinay Attaher, Samar Jean Boroto, Ruhiza Timsina, Jagadish Siddique, Kadambot H M food security climate resilience water productivity nutritional value economic viability dryland agriculture Drylands, encompassing 41% of global land and supporting over 2 billion people, face significant challenges, including water scarcity, extreme temperatures, and soil degradation. Dryland spans vast areas of Middle East and North Africa (MENA) and Sub-Sahara Africa (SSA) regions and poses a threat to food security and resilience. This study examines the potential of neglected and underutilized species (NUS) to improve dryland food and nutrition security, focusing on their agronomic performance, water productivity, economic viability, and nutritional benefits. Using long-term data from FAOSTAT, USDA Food Data Central, and peer-reviewed literature, we analyzed trends in the cultivation, yield, and nutritional contributions of 26 NUS across 22 countries in the MENA region comparing them with major staples—rice, wheat, and maize. Between 1961 and 2022, NUS crop areas in MENA fluctuated, decreasing by 7.0% since 2018 to 21.17 Mha. Despite this, NUS demonstrated superior water productivity—up to 30% higher than major cereals. For instance, sorghum and cowpea achieved 2.5 kg/m3 compared to maize (0.83 kg/m3) and wheat (0.91 kg/m3) and exhibited strong heat tolerance, withstanding temperatures of up to 42°C and 38°C, respectively. Despite a negative trade balance, NUS significantly contributed to dietary calories, surpassing wheat. A field experiment in Merchouch, Morocco, confirmed that NUS offered a higher economic value per unit than wheat, and outperformed conventional crops across key indicators. Integrating NUS into dryland farming systems can enhance food security, sustainability, and resilience to climate change. Advancing NUS requires breeding programs, tailored good agricultural practices, value addition and market linkage, supportive policies, and farmer education. Collaborative efforts among international organizations, governments, and civil society are crucial to mainstreaming NUS in agrifood systems and contributing to the diversity, sustainability, and resilience of dryland farming systems in MENA and SSA regions. 2025-01-20T16:28:32Z 2025-01-20T16:28:32Z Journal Article https://hdl.handle.net/10568/169479 en Open Access application/pdf Wiley Open Access Krishna Devkota, Mina Kumari Devkota Wasti, Tafadzwanashe Mabhaudi, Vinay Nangia, Samar Attaher, Ruhiza Jean Boroto, Jagadish Timsina, Kadambot H M Siddique. (19/1/2025). A Blueprint for Building Resilience and Food Security in MENA and SSA Drylands: Diversifying Agriculture With Neglected and Underutilized Species. Food and Energy Security, 14 (1).
spellingShingle food security
climate resilience
water productivity
nutritional value
economic viability
dryland agriculture
Devkota, Krishna
Devkota Wasti, Mina Kumari
Mabhaudi, Tafadzwanashe
Nangia, Vinay
Attaher, Samar
Jean Boroto, Ruhiza
Timsina, Jagadish
Siddique, Kadambot H M
A Blueprint for Building Resilience and Food Security in MENA and SSA Drylands: Diversifying Agriculture With Neglected and Underutilized Species
title A Blueprint for Building Resilience and Food Security in MENA and SSA Drylands: Diversifying Agriculture With Neglected and Underutilized Species
title_full A Blueprint for Building Resilience and Food Security in MENA and SSA Drylands: Diversifying Agriculture With Neglected and Underutilized Species
title_fullStr A Blueprint for Building Resilience and Food Security in MENA and SSA Drylands: Diversifying Agriculture With Neglected and Underutilized Species
title_full_unstemmed A Blueprint for Building Resilience and Food Security in MENA and SSA Drylands: Diversifying Agriculture With Neglected and Underutilized Species
title_short A Blueprint for Building Resilience and Food Security in MENA and SSA Drylands: Diversifying Agriculture With Neglected and Underutilized Species
title_sort blueprint for building resilience and food security in mena and ssa drylands diversifying agriculture with neglected and underutilized species
topic food security
climate resilience
water productivity
nutritional value
economic viability
dryland agriculture
url https://hdl.handle.net/10568/169479
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