Whole-genome resequencing reveals genomic variation and dynamics in Ethiopian indigenous goats

Ethiopia has about 52 million indigenous goats with marked phenotypic variability, which is the outcome of natural and artificial selection. Here, we obtained whole-genome sequence data of three Ethiopian indigenous goat populations (Arab, Fellata, and Oromo) from northwestern Ethiopia and analyzed...

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Autores principales: Sheriff, Oumer, Ahbara, Abulgasim, Haile, Aynalem, Alemayehu, Kefyalew, Jianlin, Han, Mwacharo, Joram
Formato: Journal Article
Lenguaje:Inglés
Publicado: Frontiers Media 2024
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Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/10568/169109
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author Sheriff, Oumer
Ahbara, Abulgasim
Haile, Aynalem
Alemayehu, Kefyalew
Jianlin, Han
Mwacharo, Joram
author_browse Ahbara, Abulgasim
Alemayehu, Kefyalew
Haile, Aynalem
Jianlin, Han
Mwacharo, Joram
Sheriff, Oumer
author_facet Sheriff, Oumer
Ahbara, Abulgasim
Haile, Aynalem
Alemayehu, Kefyalew
Jianlin, Han
Mwacharo, Joram
author_sort Sheriff, Oumer
collection Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace)
description Ethiopia has about 52 million indigenous goats with marked phenotypic variability, which is the outcome of natural and artificial selection. Here, we obtained whole-genome sequence data of three Ethiopian indigenous goat populations (Arab, Fellata, and Oromo) from northwestern Ethiopia and analyzed their genome-wide genetic diversity, population structure, and signatures of selection. We included genotype data from four other Ethiopian goat populations (Abergelle, Keffa, Gumuz, and Woyto-Guji) and goats from Asia; Europe; and eastern, southern, western, and northern Africa to investigate the genetic predisposition of the three Ethiopian populations and performed comparative genomic analysis. Genetic diversity analysis showed that Fellata goats exhibited the lowest heterozygosity values (Ho = 0.288 ± 0.005 and He = 0.334 ± 0.0001). The highest values were observed in Arab goats (Ho = 0.310 ± 0.010 and He = 0.347 ± 4.35e−05). A higher inbreeding coefficient (FROH = 0.137 ± 0.016) was recorded for Fellata goats than the 0.105 ± 0.030 recorded for Arab and the 0.112 ± 0.034 recorded for Oromo goats. This indicates that the Fellata goat population should be prioritized in future conservation activities. The three goat populations showed the majority (∼63%) of runs of homozygosity in the shorter (100–150 Kb) length category, illustrating ancient inbreeding and/or small founder effects. Population relationship and structure analysis separated the Ethiopian indigenous goats into two distinct genetic clusters lacking phylogeographic structure. Arab, Fellata, Oromo, Abergelle, and Keffa represented one genetic cluster. Gumuz and Woyto-Guji formed a separate cluster and shared a common genetic background with the Kenyan Boran goat. Genome-wide selection signature analysis identified nine strongest regions spanning 163 genes influencing adaptation to arid and semi-arid environments (HOXC12, HOXC13, HOXC4, HOXC6, and HOXC9, MAPK8IP2), immune response (IL18, TYK2, ICAM3, ADGRG1, and ADGRG3), and production and reproduction (RARG and DNMT1). Our results provide insights into a thorough understanding of genetic architecture underlying selection signatures in Ethiopian indigenous goats in a semi-arid tropical environment and deliver valuable information for goat genetic improvement, conservation strategy, genome-wide association study, and marker-assisted breeding.
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spelling CGSpace1691092025-02-28T02:10:57Z Whole-genome resequencing reveals genomic variation and dynamics in Ethiopian indigenous goats Sheriff, Oumer Ahbara, Abulgasim Haile, Aynalem Alemayehu, Kefyalew Jianlin, Han Mwacharo, Joram africa capra hircus whole genome genome dynamics population differentiation pooled heterozygosity Ethiopia has about 52 million indigenous goats with marked phenotypic variability, which is the outcome of natural and artificial selection. Here, we obtained whole-genome sequence data of three Ethiopian indigenous goat populations (Arab, Fellata, and Oromo) from northwestern Ethiopia and analyzed their genome-wide genetic diversity, population structure, and signatures of selection. We included genotype data from four other Ethiopian goat populations (Abergelle, Keffa, Gumuz, and Woyto-Guji) and goats from Asia; Europe; and eastern, southern, western, and northern Africa to investigate the genetic predisposition of the three Ethiopian populations and performed comparative genomic analysis. Genetic diversity analysis showed that Fellata goats exhibited the lowest heterozygosity values (Ho = 0.288 ± 0.005 and He = 0.334 ± 0.0001). The highest values were observed in Arab goats (Ho = 0.310 ± 0.010 and He = 0.347 ± 4.35e−05). A higher inbreeding coefficient (FROH = 0.137 ± 0.016) was recorded for Fellata goats than the 0.105 ± 0.030 recorded for Arab and the 0.112 ± 0.034 recorded for Oromo goats. This indicates that the Fellata goat population should be prioritized in future conservation activities. The three goat populations showed the majority (∼63%) of runs of homozygosity in the shorter (100–150 Kb) length category, illustrating ancient inbreeding and/or small founder effects. Population relationship and structure analysis separated the Ethiopian indigenous goats into two distinct genetic clusters lacking phylogeographic structure. Arab, Fellata, Oromo, Abergelle, and Keffa represented one genetic cluster. Gumuz and Woyto-Guji formed a separate cluster and shared a common genetic background with the Kenyan Boran goat. Genome-wide selection signature analysis identified nine strongest regions spanning 163 genes influencing adaptation to arid and semi-arid environments (HOXC12, HOXC13, HOXC4, HOXC6, and HOXC9, MAPK8IP2), immune response (IL18, TYK2, ICAM3, ADGRG1, and ADGRG3), and production and reproduction (RARG and DNMT1). Our results provide insights into a thorough understanding of genetic architecture underlying selection signatures in Ethiopian indigenous goats in a semi-arid tropical environment and deliver valuable information for goat genetic improvement, conservation strategy, genome-wide association study, and marker-assisted breeding. 2024-05-24 2025-01-15T15:02:23Z 2025-01-15T15:02:23Z Journal Article https://hdl.handle.net/10568/169109 en Open Access application/pdf Frontiers Media Oumer Sheriff, Abulgasim Ahbara, Aynalem Haile, Kefyalew Alemayehu, Han Jianlin, Joram Mwacharo. (24/5/2024). Whole-genome resequencing reveals genomic variation and dynamics in Ethiopian indigenous goats. Frontiers in Genetics, 15.
spellingShingle africa
capra hircus
whole genome
genome dynamics
population differentiation
pooled heterozygosity
Sheriff, Oumer
Ahbara, Abulgasim
Haile, Aynalem
Alemayehu, Kefyalew
Jianlin, Han
Mwacharo, Joram
Whole-genome resequencing reveals genomic variation and dynamics in Ethiopian indigenous goats
title Whole-genome resequencing reveals genomic variation and dynamics in Ethiopian indigenous goats
title_full Whole-genome resequencing reveals genomic variation and dynamics in Ethiopian indigenous goats
title_fullStr Whole-genome resequencing reveals genomic variation and dynamics in Ethiopian indigenous goats
title_full_unstemmed Whole-genome resequencing reveals genomic variation and dynamics in Ethiopian indigenous goats
title_short Whole-genome resequencing reveals genomic variation and dynamics in Ethiopian indigenous goats
title_sort whole genome resequencing reveals genomic variation and dynamics in ethiopian indigenous goats
topic africa
capra hircus
whole genome
genome dynamics
population differentiation
pooled heterozygosity
url https://hdl.handle.net/10568/169109
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