Spatially explicit trends in nitrogen use efficiency and partial profits in Tanzania, 2008-2020

Amidst concerns of global agricultural productivity growth slowdown, there is an emerging consensus that crop productivity growth in some African countries has either been stagnant or slow in the past decade. This slowdown is attributed to degrading soil health and volatile weather patterns resultin...

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Autores principales: Mkondiwa, Maxwel, Chamberlin, Jordan
Formato: Informe técnico
Lenguaje:Inglés
Publicado: International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center 2024
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/10568/168297
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author Mkondiwa, Maxwel
Chamberlin, Jordan
author_browse Chamberlin, Jordan
Mkondiwa, Maxwel
author_facet Mkondiwa, Maxwel
Chamberlin, Jordan
author_sort Mkondiwa, Maxwel
collection Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace)
description Amidst concerns of global agricultural productivity growth slowdown, there is an emerging consensus that crop productivity growth in some African countries has either been stagnant or slow in the past decade. This slowdown is attributed to degrading soil health and volatile weather patterns resulting in low partial productivity especially of nitrogen—hereafter nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) and falling profits. We contribute to this literature by using plot level nationally representative panel data (2008-2020) for Tanzania to examine if indeed NUEs and profits have been on a downward spiral. We combine a causal random forest model for heterogeneous treatment effects and a regional market economic surplus model to explore the economic implications of the NUE trends. We find that NUEs differ not only across years, but also spatially. Additionally, the whole crop response curve differs across seasons and regions which poses enormous complexity when understanding NUEs using observational data implying that complex processes operate in low input farms that make it difficult to pin down the major challenges causing any slowdowns or increases in NUEs. We do not find any evidence of falling NUEs in Tanzania. Conversely, NUEs have increased as compared to 2008 (9 kg maize per kg of N) by about 10% in 2010, 18% in 2012, 18% in 2014 and 14% in 2020. Nonetheless, the profits and economic surpluses from nitrogen use are too low to incentivize farmers to use nitrogen fertilizers at the prevailing input and maize output price ratios. To address food insecurity concerns while incentivizing farmers to apply modest amounts of nitrogen fertilizer, this paper argues for increasing NUEs through proper crop management decisions and minimizing the fertilizer-maize grain price ratios.
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spelling CGSpace1682972025-05-04T09:21:37Z Spatially explicit trends in nitrogen use efficiency and partial profits in Tanzania, 2008-2020 Mkondiwa, Maxwel Chamberlin, Jordan nitrogen-use efficiency agricultural productivity trends forecasting nitrogen fertilizers Amidst concerns of global agricultural productivity growth slowdown, there is an emerging consensus that crop productivity growth in some African countries has either been stagnant or slow in the past decade. This slowdown is attributed to degrading soil health and volatile weather patterns resulting in low partial productivity especially of nitrogen—hereafter nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) and falling profits. We contribute to this literature by using plot level nationally representative panel data (2008-2020) for Tanzania to examine if indeed NUEs and profits have been on a downward spiral. We combine a causal random forest model for heterogeneous treatment effects and a regional market economic surplus model to explore the economic implications of the NUE trends. We find that NUEs differ not only across years, but also spatially. Additionally, the whole crop response curve differs across seasons and regions which poses enormous complexity when understanding NUEs using observational data implying that complex processes operate in low input farms that make it difficult to pin down the major challenges causing any slowdowns or increases in NUEs. We do not find any evidence of falling NUEs in Tanzania. Conversely, NUEs have increased as compared to 2008 (9 kg maize per kg of N) by about 10% in 2010, 18% in 2012, 18% in 2014 and 14% in 2020. Nonetheless, the profits and economic surpluses from nitrogen use are too low to incentivize farmers to use nitrogen fertilizers at the prevailing input and maize output price ratios. To address food insecurity concerns while incentivizing farmers to apply modest amounts of nitrogen fertilizer, this paper argues for increasing NUEs through proper crop management decisions and minimizing the fertilizer-maize grain price ratios. 2024-11 2024-12-23T17:48:33Z 2024-12-23T17:48:33Z Report https://hdl.handle.net/10568/168297 en Open Access application/pdf International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center Mkondiwa, M., & Chamberlin, J. (2024). Spatially explicit trends in nitrogen use efficiency and partial profits in Tanzania, 2008-2020. EIA. https://hdl.handle.net/10883/35304
spellingShingle nitrogen-use efficiency
agricultural productivity
trends
forecasting
nitrogen fertilizers
Mkondiwa, Maxwel
Chamberlin, Jordan
Spatially explicit trends in nitrogen use efficiency and partial profits in Tanzania, 2008-2020
title Spatially explicit trends in nitrogen use efficiency and partial profits in Tanzania, 2008-2020
title_full Spatially explicit trends in nitrogen use efficiency and partial profits in Tanzania, 2008-2020
title_fullStr Spatially explicit trends in nitrogen use efficiency and partial profits in Tanzania, 2008-2020
title_full_unstemmed Spatially explicit trends in nitrogen use efficiency and partial profits in Tanzania, 2008-2020
title_short Spatially explicit trends in nitrogen use efficiency and partial profits in Tanzania, 2008-2020
title_sort spatially explicit trends in nitrogen use efficiency and partial profits in tanzania 2008 2020
topic nitrogen-use efficiency
agricultural productivity
trends
forecasting
nitrogen fertilizers
url https://hdl.handle.net/10568/168297
work_keys_str_mv AT mkondiwamaxwel spatiallyexplicittrendsinnitrogenuseefficiencyandpartialprofitsintanzania20082020
AT chamberlinjordan spatiallyexplicittrendsinnitrogenuseefficiencyandpartialprofitsintanzania20082020