Recycling in situ of legume-fixed and soil nitrogen in tropical lowland rice

In tropical rice lowlands, vegetation during the dry‐to‐wet season transition (DTW) facilitates in situ recycling of N from soil or legume biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) to wet‐season flooded rice. As little is known, we examined the fates of soil N and BNF N in DTW vegetation in a 2‐yr study on...

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Autores principales: George, Thomas, Buresh, Roland J., Ladha, Jagdish K., Punzalan, Gloria
Formato: Journal Article
Lenguaje:Inglés
Publicado: Wiley 1998
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/10568/167200
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author George, Thomas
Buresh, Roland J.
Ladha, Jagdish K.
Punzalan, Gloria
author_browse Buresh, Roland J.
George, Thomas
Ladha, Jagdish K.
Punzalan, Gloria
author_facet George, Thomas
Buresh, Roland J.
Ladha, Jagdish K.
Punzalan, Gloria
author_sort George, Thomas
collection Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace)
description In tropical rice lowlands, vegetation during the dry‐to‐wet season transition (DTW) facilitates in situ recycling of N from soil or legume biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) to wet‐season flooded rice. As little is known, we examined the fates of soil N and BNF N in DTW vegetation in a 2‐yr study on a Philippine Tropudalf using 15N‐labeled residues produced and soil‐incorporated in situ. During DTW, Sesbania rostrata (Bremek. and Oberm.), mungbean [Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek var. radiata], weeds, and a weed‐free fallow were subplots in dry‐season main plots of weedy, weed‐free, and frequently tilled fallows. Rice yield and N uptake were not influenced by dry‐season fallows, which did influence soil N and BNF N in DTW vegetation and, therefore, the amount of soil N lost, removed in a product or recycled. Build‐up and decline of soil NH4−N occurred within 5 wk of residue incorporation, before significant N uptake by rice. Rice yield and N uptake responded to greater recycled DTW N; N uptake averaged 103 kg ha−1 with 208 kg S. rostrata N ha−1, 79 kg ha−1 with 62 kg mungbean N ha−1, 61 kg ha−1 with 41 kg weed N ha−1, and 44 kg ha−1 with no residue N. Nitrogen‐15 estimates of N recovery by rice (20% of S. rostrata N, 27% of mungbean N, 16% of weed N) were lower than the actual increase in rice N uptake due to residues. High proportions of residue N remained in soil, but N loss of 32% was estimated for S. rostrata N. As green manure (GM) N is ineffective beyond the first few weeks of incorporation, incorporating much legume N to flooded rice wastes valuable BNF N. Unmet rice N demand beyond early crop stage is better supplied with fertilizer N synchronized with rice N demand. A mixture of native weeds and GM legume is likely to prevent build‐up of soil NO∐3−N and allow BNF while limiting total N accumulation in the DTW vegetation for use as GM.
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spelling CGSpace1672002025-12-08T09:54:28Z Recycling in situ of legume-fixed and soil nitrogen in tropical lowland rice George, Thomas Buresh, Roland J. Ladha, Jagdish K. Punzalan, Gloria recycling nitrogen soil legumes biological nitrogen fixation residues weeds nutrient uptake flooded rice lowland rice In tropical rice lowlands, vegetation during the dry‐to‐wet season transition (DTW) facilitates in situ recycling of N from soil or legume biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) to wet‐season flooded rice. As little is known, we examined the fates of soil N and BNF N in DTW vegetation in a 2‐yr study on a Philippine Tropudalf using 15N‐labeled residues produced and soil‐incorporated in situ. During DTW, Sesbania rostrata (Bremek. and Oberm.), mungbean [Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek var. radiata], weeds, and a weed‐free fallow were subplots in dry‐season main plots of weedy, weed‐free, and frequently tilled fallows. Rice yield and N uptake were not influenced by dry‐season fallows, which did influence soil N and BNF N in DTW vegetation and, therefore, the amount of soil N lost, removed in a product or recycled. Build‐up and decline of soil NH4−N occurred within 5 wk of residue incorporation, before significant N uptake by rice. Rice yield and N uptake responded to greater recycled DTW N; N uptake averaged 103 kg ha−1 with 208 kg S. rostrata N ha−1, 79 kg ha−1 with 62 kg mungbean N ha−1, 61 kg ha−1 with 41 kg weed N ha−1, and 44 kg ha−1 with no residue N. Nitrogen‐15 estimates of N recovery by rice (20% of S. rostrata N, 27% of mungbean N, 16% of weed N) were lower than the actual increase in rice N uptake due to residues. High proportions of residue N remained in soil, but N loss of 32% was estimated for S. rostrata N. As green manure (GM) N is ineffective beyond the first few weeks of incorporation, incorporating much legume N to flooded rice wastes valuable BNF N. Unmet rice N demand beyond early crop stage is better supplied with fertilizer N synchronized with rice N demand. A mixture of native weeds and GM legume is likely to prevent build‐up of soil NO∐3−N and allow BNF while limiting total N accumulation in the DTW vegetation for use as GM. 1998-05 2024-12-19T12:57:08Z 2024-12-19T12:57:08Z Journal Article https://hdl.handle.net/10568/167200 en Wiley George, Thomas; Buresh, Roland J.; Ladha, Jagdish K. and Punzalan, Gloria. 1998. Recycling in situ of legume-fixed and soil nitrogen in tropical lowland rice. Agronomy Journal, Volume 90 no. 3 p. 429-437
spellingShingle recycling
nitrogen
soil
legumes
biological nitrogen fixation
residues
weeds
nutrient uptake
flooded rice
lowland rice
George, Thomas
Buresh, Roland J.
Ladha, Jagdish K.
Punzalan, Gloria
Recycling in situ of legume-fixed and soil nitrogen in tropical lowland rice
title Recycling in situ of legume-fixed and soil nitrogen in tropical lowland rice
title_full Recycling in situ of legume-fixed and soil nitrogen in tropical lowland rice
title_fullStr Recycling in situ of legume-fixed and soil nitrogen in tropical lowland rice
title_full_unstemmed Recycling in situ of legume-fixed and soil nitrogen in tropical lowland rice
title_short Recycling in situ of legume-fixed and soil nitrogen in tropical lowland rice
title_sort recycling in situ of legume fixed and soil nitrogen in tropical lowland rice
topic recycling
nitrogen
soil
legumes
biological nitrogen fixation
residues
weeds
nutrient uptake
flooded rice
lowland rice
url https://hdl.handle.net/10568/167200
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AT punzalangloria recyclinginsituoflegumefixedandsoilnitrogenintropicallowlandrice