Legume decomposition and nitrogen release when applied as green manures to tropical vegetable production systems
For legume green manures (GM) to be effective, environmentally sound N sources for horticultural crops in the tropics, their N release must be in synchrony with crop N demand. Decomposition and N release of surface applied (mulch) or incorporated soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] and indigofera (Indi...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Journal Article |
| Language: | Inglés |
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Wiley
2000
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/10568/167097 |
| _version_ | 1855530297800523776 |
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| author | Th o ¨ nnissen, Carmen Midmore, David J. Ladha, Jagdish K. Olk, Daniel C. Schmidhalter, Urs |
| author_browse | Ladha, Jagdish K. Midmore, David J. Olk, Daniel C. Schmidhalter, Urs Th o ¨ nnissen, Carmen |
| author_facet | Th o ¨ nnissen, Carmen Midmore, David J. Ladha, Jagdish K. Olk, Daniel C. Schmidhalter, Urs |
| author_sort | Th o ¨ nnissen, Carmen |
| collection | Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace) |
| description | For legume green manures (GM) to be effective, environmentally sound N sources for horticultural crops in the tropics, their N release must be in synchrony with crop N demand. Decomposition and N release of surface applied (mulch) or incorporated soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] and indigofera (Indigofera tinctoria L.) GM were studied in six field studies conducted at three locations in Taiwan and the Philippines between 1993 and 1995. Litter bags and inorganic N soil samplings were used in order to understand tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) crop responses to GM N. Resulting soil N contents were compared with a control (no GM, no fertilizer). The N content of 60 to 74 d soybean GM varied between 110 and 140 kg N ha−1 and that of indigofera between 5 and 40 kg N ha−1. Nitrogen‐15‐labeled soybean GM was traced in the soil and in organic matter fractions (humic acids, calcium humates, humins) in one of the field studies. Soybean and indigofera decomposed rapidly, losing 30 to 70% of their biomass within 5 wk after application, depending on GM placement, season (wet vs. dry), and location. Soil nitrate contents increased corresponding to GM N release at all locations and seasons, with a maximum increase of 80 to 100 kg NO3–N ha−1 with incorporated soybean. The peak N release occurred 2 to 6 wk after GM application in two of the three locations, and 5 to 8 wk in the third location. The apparent decline of GM N release at all locations and seasons 8 wk after application was only partly caused by tomato N uptake. At tomato harvest, 30 to 60% of the GM 15N was found in the soil, and was found mostly in humins. Comparable N release dynamics across seasons and locations suggest a possible N fertilizer substitution by incorporated soybean GM for basal N application and first side dressing to tomato. With respect to season and location, GM N should be supplemented with N fertilizer starting after 8 wk to ensure optimal tomato yields. |
| format | Journal Article |
| id | CGSpace167097 |
| institution | CGIAR Consortium |
| language | Inglés |
| publishDate | 2000 |
| publishDateRange | 2000 |
| publishDateSort | 2000 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| publisherStr | Wiley |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | CGSpace1670972025-12-08T09:54:28Z Legume decomposition and nitrogen release when applied as green manures to tropical vegetable production systems Th o ¨ nnissen, Carmen Midmore, David J. Ladha, Jagdish K. Olk, Daniel C. Schmidhalter, Urs biomass decomposition green manures mineral uptake mulches nitrogen nitrogen fertilizers organic matter soil philippines taiwan For legume green manures (GM) to be effective, environmentally sound N sources for horticultural crops in the tropics, their N release must be in synchrony with crop N demand. Decomposition and N release of surface applied (mulch) or incorporated soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] and indigofera (Indigofera tinctoria L.) GM were studied in six field studies conducted at three locations in Taiwan and the Philippines between 1993 and 1995. Litter bags and inorganic N soil samplings were used in order to understand tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) crop responses to GM N. Resulting soil N contents were compared with a control (no GM, no fertilizer). The N content of 60 to 74 d soybean GM varied between 110 and 140 kg N ha−1 and that of indigofera between 5 and 40 kg N ha−1. Nitrogen‐15‐labeled soybean GM was traced in the soil and in organic matter fractions (humic acids, calcium humates, humins) in one of the field studies. Soybean and indigofera decomposed rapidly, losing 30 to 70% of their biomass within 5 wk after application, depending on GM placement, season (wet vs. dry), and location. Soil nitrate contents increased corresponding to GM N release at all locations and seasons, with a maximum increase of 80 to 100 kg NO3–N ha−1 with incorporated soybean. The peak N release occurred 2 to 6 wk after GM application in two of the three locations, and 5 to 8 wk in the third location. The apparent decline of GM N release at all locations and seasons 8 wk after application was only partly caused by tomato N uptake. At tomato harvest, 30 to 60% of the GM 15N was found in the soil, and was found mostly in humins. Comparable N release dynamics across seasons and locations suggest a possible N fertilizer substitution by incorporated soybean GM for basal N application and first side dressing to tomato. With respect to season and location, GM N should be supplemented with N fertilizer starting after 8 wk to ensure optimal tomato yields. 2000-03 2024-12-19T12:57:01Z 2024-12-19T12:57:01Z Journal Article https://hdl.handle.net/10568/167097 en Wiley Th o ¨ nnissen, Carmen; Midmore, David J.; Ladha, Jagdish K.; Olk, Daniel C. and Schmidhalter, Urs. 2000. Legume decomposition and nitrogen release when applied as green manures to tropical vegetable production systems. Agronomy Journal, Volume 92 no. 2 p. 253-260 |
| spellingShingle | biomass decomposition green manures mineral uptake mulches nitrogen nitrogen fertilizers organic matter soil philippines taiwan Th o ¨ nnissen, Carmen Midmore, David J. Ladha, Jagdish K. Olk, Daniel C. Schmidhalter, Urs Legume decomposition and nitrogen release when applied as green manures to tropical vegetable production systems |
| title | Legume decomposition and nitrogen release when applied as green manures to tropical vegetable production systems |
| title_full | Legume decomposition and nitrogen release when applied as green manures to tropical vegetable production systems |
| title_fullStr | Legume decomposition and nitrogen release when applied as green manures to tropical vegetable production systems |
| title_full_unstemmed | Legume decomposition and nitrogen release when applied as green manures to tropical vegetable production systems |
| title_short | Legume decomposition and nitrogen release when applied as green manures to tropical vegetable production systems |
| title_sort | legume decomposition and nitrogen release when applied as green manures to tropical vegetable production systems |
| topic | biomass decomposition green manures mineral uptake mulches nitrogen nitrogen fertilizers organic matter soil philippines taiwan |
| url | https://hdl.handle.net/10568/167097 |
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