Effects of residue decomposition on productivity and soil fertility in rice-wheat rotation

Rice (Oryza sativa L.)–wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) farmers in India burn or remove residues to facilitate seedbed preparation. Incorporation of residues before planting of the next crop generally decreases yields due to N immobilization. Since a window of about 40 d is available between rice harves...

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Main Authors: Yadvinder-Singh, Bijay-Singh, Ladha, J.K., Khind, C.S., Khera, T.S., Bueno, C.S.
Format: Journal Article
Language:Inglés
Published: Wiley 2004
Subjects:
Online Access:https://hdl.handle.net/10568/166798
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author Yadvinder-Singh
Bijay-Singh
Ladha, J.K.
Khind, C.S.
Khera, T.S.
Bueno, C.S.
author_browse Bijay-Singh
Bueno, C.S.
Khera, T.S.
Khind, C.S.
Ladha, J.K.
Yadvinder-Singh
author_facet Yadvinder-Singh
Bijay-Singh
Ladha, J.K.
Khind, C.S.
Khera, T.S.
Bueno, C.S.
author_sort Yadvinder-Singh
collection Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace)
description Rice (Oryza sativa L.)–wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) farmers in India burn or remove residues to facilitate seedbed preparation. Incorporation of residues before planting of the next crop generally decreases yields due to N immobilization. Since a window of about 40 d is available between rice harvest and wheat planting, the effect of time of incorporation on rice residue decomposition and N mineralization–immobilization was studied in 1992–1993. The mass loss of residue was 25% for a 10‐d, 35% for a 20‐d, and 51% for a 40‐d decomposition period before wheat planting. Nitrogen release from residue ranged from 6 to 9 kg ha−1 during the wheat season. The immobilization of urea N decreased when residue was allowed to decompose for 10‐d or longer. Based on these studies, a long‐term (1993–2000) experiment was conducted on a sandy loam soil to examine the effect of time of residue incorporation before sowing wheat when compared with burning or removal of residue on yields, N‐use efficiency, and soil fertility. The effect of wheat residue incorporation with green manure (GM, Sesbania cannabina L.) on subsequent rice yields was also determined. Residue incorporation for 10 to 40 d had no effect on wheat yields. Rice yields increased (0.18–0.39 Mg ha−1) when wheat residue was incorporated with GM. Starter N applied at residue incorporation did not influence wheat yields but decreased N recovery efficiency. Physiological efficiency was higher when rice straw was incorporated in wheat and when wheat straw plus GM were incorporated in rice than when rice straw was incorporated for 10 d or when the straw was burned. The long‐term application of rice residue increased C accumulation in soil.
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spelling CGSpace1667982025-05-14T10:39:37Z Effects of residue decomposition on productivity and soil fertility in rice-wheat rotation Yadvinder-Singh Bijay-Singh Ladha, J.K. Khind, C.S. Khera, T.S. Bueno, C.S. plant residues decomposition nitrogen potassium mineralization immobilization use efficiency nutrient uptake wheat straw incorporation rice wheat cropping system soil fertility Rice (Oryza sativa L.)–wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) farmers in India burn or remove residues to facilitate seedbed preparation. Incorporation of residues before planting of the next crop generally decreases yields due to N immobilization. Since a window of about 40 d is available between rice harvest and wheat planting, the effect of time of incorporation on rice residue decomposition and N mineralization–immobilization was studied in 1992–1993. The mass loss of residue was 25% for a 10‐d, 35% for a 20‐d, and 51% for a 40‐d decomposition period before wheat planting. Nitrogen release from residue ranged from 6 to 9 kg ha−1 during the wheat season. The immobilization of urea N decreased when residue was allowed to decompose for 10‐d or longer. Based on these studies, a long‐term (1993–2000) experiment was conducted on a sandy loam soil to examine the effect of time of residue incorporation before sowing wheat when compared with burning or removal of residue on yields, N‐use efficiency, and soil fertility. The effect of wheat residue incorporation with green manure (GM, Sesbania cannabina L.) on subsequent rice yields was also determined. Residue incorporation for 10 to 40 d had no effect on wheat yields. Rice yields increased (0.18–0.39 Mg ha−1) when wheat residue was incorporated with GM. Starter N applied at residue incorporation did not influence wheat yields but decreased N recovery efficiency. Physiological efficiency was higher when rice straw was incorporated in wheat and when wheat straw plus GM were incorporated in rice than when rice straw was incorporated for 10 d or when the straw was burned. The long‐term application of rice residue increased C accumulation in soil. 2004-05 2024-12-19T12:56:41Z 2024-12-19T12:56:41Z Journal Article https://hdl.handle.net/10568/166798 en Wiley Yadvinder-Singh, ; Yadvinder-Singh; Bijay-Singh; Ladha, J. K.; Khind, C. S.; Khera, T. S. and Bueno, C. S. 2004. Effects of residue decomposition on productivity and soil fertility in rice-wheat rotation. Soil Science Soc of Amer J, Volume 68 no. 3 p. 854-864
spellingShingle plant residues
decomposition
nitrogen
potassium
mineralization
immobilization
use efficiency
nutrient uptake
wheat straw
incorporation
rice wheat cropping system
soil fertility
Yadvinder-Singh
Bijay-Singh
Ladha, J.K.
Khind, C.S.
Khera, T.S.
Bueno, C.S.
Effects of residue decomposition on productivity and soil fertility in rice-wheat rotation
title Effects of residue decomposition on productivity and soil fertility in rice-wheat rotation
title_full Effects of residue decomposition on productivity and soil fertility in rice-wheat rotation
title_fullStr Effects of residue decomposition on productivity and soil fertility in rice-wheat rotation
title_full_unstemmed Effects of residue decomposition on productivity and soil fertility in rice-wheat rotation
title_short Effects of residue decomposition on productivity and soil fertility in rice-wheat rotation
title_sort effects of residue decomposition on productivity and soil fertility in rice wheat rotation
topic plant residues
decomposition
nitrogen
potassium
mineralization
immobilization
use efficiency
nutrient uptake
wheat straw
incorporation
rice wheat cropping system
soil fertility
url https://hdl.handle.net/10568/166798
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