Adaptation to flooding during emergence and seedling growth in rice and weeds, and implications for crop establishment

Direct seeding of rice is being adopted in rainfed and irrigated lowland ecosystems because it reduces labour costs in addition to other benefits. However, early flooding due to uneven fields or rainfall slows down seed germination and hinders crop establishment. Conversely, early flooding helps sup...

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Autores principales: Ismail, Abdelbagi M., Johnson, David E., Ella, Evangelina S., Vergara, Georgina V., Baltazar, Aurora M.
Formato: Journal Article
Lenguaje:Inglés
Publicado: Oxford University Press 2012
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/10568/165741
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author Ismail, Abdelbagi M.
Johnson, David E.
Ella, Evangelina S.
Vergara, Georgina V.
Baltazar, Aurora M.
author_browse Baltazar, Aurora M.
Ella, Evangelina S.
Ismail, Abdelbagi M.
Johnson, David E.
Vergara, Georgina V.
author_facet Ismail, Abdelbagi M.
Johnson, David E.
Ella, Evangelina S.
Vergara, Georgina V.
Baltazar, Aurora M.
author_sort Ismail, Abdelbagi M.
collection Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace)
description Direct seeding of rice is being adopted in rainfed and irrigated lowland ecosystems because it reduces labour costs in addition to other benefits. However, early flooding due to uneven fields or rainfall slows down seed germination and hinders crop establishment. Conversely, early flooding helps suppress weeds and reduces the costs of manual weeding and/or dependence on herbicides; however, numerous weed species are adapted to lowlands and present challenges for the use of flooding to control weeds. Advancing knowledge on the mechanisms of tolerance of flooding during germination and early growth in rice and weeds could facilitate the development of improved rice varieties and effective weed management practices for direct-seeded rice Rice genotypes with a greater ability to germinate and establish in flooded soils were identified, providing opportunities to develop varieties suitable for direct seeding in flooded soils. Tolerance of flooding in these genotypes was mostly attributed to traits associated with better ability to mobilize stored carbohydrates and anaerobic metabolism. Limited studies were undertaken in weeds associated with lowland rice systems. Remaining studies compared rice and weeds and related weed species such as Echinochloa crus-galli and E. colona or compared ecotypes of the same species of Cyperus rotundus adapted to either aerobic or flooded soils Tolerant weeds and rice genotypes mostly developed similar adaptive traits that allow them to establish in flooded fields, including the ability to germinate and elongate faster under hypoxia, mobilize stored starch reserves and generate energy through fermentation pathways. Remarkably, some weeds developed additional traits such as larger storage tubers that enlarge further in deeper flooded soils (C. rotundus). Unravelling the mechanisms involved in adaptation to flooding will help design management options that will allow tolerant rice genotypes to adequately establish in flooded soils while simultaneously suppressing weeds
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spelling CGSpace1657412024-12-22T05:44:50Z Adaptation to flooding during emergence and seedling growth in rice and weeds, and implications for crop establishment Ismail, Abdelbagi M. Johnson, David E. Ella, Evangelina S. Vergara, Georgina V. Baltazar, Aurora M. cyperus rotundus carbohydrates chemical control costs crop establishment echinochloa colona echinochloa crus-galli flooding genotypes growth herbicides irrigation labour costs seed germination seedlings seeds submergence tolerance varieties weed control weeding weeds Direct seeding of rice is being adopted in rainfed and irrigated lowland ecosystems because it reduces labour costs in addition to other benefits. However, early flooding due to uneven fields or rainfall slows down seed germination and hinders crop establishment. Conversely, early flooding helps suppress weeds and reduces the costs of manual weeding and/or dependence on herbicides; however, numerous weed species are adapted to lowlands and present challenges for the use of flooding to control weeds. Advancing knowledge on the mechanisms of tolerance of flooding during germination and early growth in rice and weeds could facilitate the development of improved rice varieties and effective weed management practices for direct-seeded rice Rice genotypes with a greater ability to germinate and establish in flooded soils were identified, providing opportunities to develop varieties suitable for direct seeding in flooded soils. Tolerance of flooding in these genotypes was mostly attributed to traits associated with better ability to mobilize stored carbohydrates and anaerobic metabolism. Limited studies were undertaken in weeds associated with lowland rice systems. Remaining studies compared rice and weeds and related weed species such as Echinochloa crus-galli and E. colona or compared ecotypes of the same species of Cyperus rotundus adapted to either aerobic or flooded soils Tolerant weeds and rice genotypes mostly developed similar adaptive traits that allow them to establish in flooded fields, including the ability to germinate and elongate faster under hypoxia, mobilize stored starch reserves and generate energy through fermentation pathways. Remarkably, some weeds developed additional traits such as larger storage tubers that enlarge further in deeper flooded soils (C. rotundus). Unravelling the mechanisms involved in adaptation to flooding will help design management options that will allow tolerant rice genotypes to adequately establish in flooded soils while simultaneously suppressing weeds 2012-01-01 2024-12-19T12:55:24Z 2024-12-19T12:55:24Z Journal Article https://hdl.handle.net/10568/165741 en Open Access Oxford University Press Ismail, Abdelbagi M.; Johnson, David E.; Ella, Evangelina S.; Vergara, Georgina V. and Baltazar, Aurora M. 2012. Adaptation to flooding during emergence and seedling growth in rice and weeds, and implications for crop establishment. AoB Plants, volume 2012; pls019 (18 pages), ill. Ref.
spellingShingle cyperus rotundus
carbohydrates
chemical control
costs
crop establishment
echinochloa colona
echinochloa crus-galli
flooding
genotypes
growth
herbicides
irrigation
labour costs
seed germination
seedlings
seeds
submergence tolerance
varieties
weed control
weeding
weeds
Ismail, Abdelbagi M.
Johnson, David E.
Ella, Evangelina S.
Vergara, Georgina V.
Baltazar, Aurora M.
Adaptation to flooding during emergence and seedling growth in rice and weeds, and implications for crop establishment
title Adaptation to flooding during emergence and seedling growth in rice and weeds, and implications for crop establishment
title_full Adaptation to flooding during emergence and seedling growth in rice and weeds, and implications for crop establishment
title_fullStr Adaptation to flooding during emergence and seedling growth in rice and weeds, and implications for crop establishment
title_full_unstemmed Adaptation to flooding during emergence and seedling growth in rice and weeds, and implications for crop establishment
title_short Adaptation to flooding during emergence and seedling growth in rice and weeds, and implications for crop establishment
title_sort adaptation to flooding during emergence and seedling growth in rice and weeds and implications for crop establishment
topic cyperus rotundus
carbohydrates
chemical control
costs
crop establishment
echinochloa colona
echinochloa crus-galli
flooding
genotypes
growth
herbicides
irrigation
labour costs
seed germination
seedlings
seeds
submergence tolerance
varieties
weed control
weeding
weeds
url https://hdl.handle.net/10568/165741
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