Viable weed seed density and diversity in soil and crop productivity under conservation agriculture practices in rice-based cropping systems

Viable weed seed density and diversity in soil were assessed in an experiment that comprised two types of crop rotation [rice-wheat and rice-maize], two crop residue management (without residue and with residue), and four tillage techniques: conventional tillage (CT) transplanted puddled rice (TPR)...

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Autores principales: Nandan, Rajiv, Singh, Vikram, Kumar, Virender, Singh, S.S., Hazra, K.K., Nath, C.P., Malik, R.K., Poonia, S.P.
Formato: Journal Article
Lenguaje:Inglés
Publicado: Elsevier 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/10568/164425
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author Nandan, Rajiv
Singh, Vikram
Kumar, Virender
Singh, S.S.
Hazra, K.K.
Nath, C.P.
Malik, R.K.
Poonia, S.P.
author_browse Hazra, K.K.
Kumar, Virender
Malik, R.K.
Nandan, Rajiv
Nath, C.P.
Poonia, S.P.
Singh, S.S.
Singh, Vikram
author_facet Nandan, Rajiv
Singh, Vikram
Kumar, Virender
Singh, S.S.
Hazra, K.K.
Nath, C.P.
Malik, R.K.
Poonia, S.P.
author_sort Nandan, Rajiv
collection Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace)
description Viable weed seed density and diversity in soil were assessed in an experiment that comprised two types of crop rotation [rice-wheat and rice-maize], two crop residue management (without residue and with residue), and four tillage techniques: conventional tillage (CT) transplanted puddled rice (TPR) – CT wheat/maize (CTTPR-CT), unpuddled transplanted rice – zero tillage (ZT) wheat/maize (UPTPR-ZT), ZT transplanted rice (ZTTPR) – ZT wheat/maize (ZTTPR-ZT), and ZT dry seeded rice (ZTDSR) - ZT wheat/maize (ZTDSR-ZT). The aim was to investigate the density and community composition of viable weed seed in soil in UPTPR-ZT, ZTTPR-ZT, and ZTDSR-ZT systems with and without crop residue, using the seedling germination method. The soil seed density was assessed in 2013-14 and 2014-15 after 4th and 5th year crop cycles established on a sandy loam soil of Patna, India. Total viable seed density was the highest for Cyperus iria L. irrespective of the treatment in both years. Rice-wheat system recorded 4% higher (mean of two years) seed density over the rice-maize system. Residue management practices did not differ for total viable seed density in both years. The ZTDSR-ZT, UPTPR-ZT, and ZTDSR-ZT systems resulted in significantly higher Shannon-Wiener, Simpson, and evenness indices compared to the CTTPR-CT system. Total viable seed density was the lowest for ZTDSR-ZT compared to the remaining tillage practices in both years. The sequence for Leptochloa chinensis (L.) Nees emergence was ZTTPR-ZT > ZTDSR-ZT > UPTPR-ZT > CTTPR-CT in 2014-15 (P < 0.05), signifying the more dominance of monocotyledons in ZT systems. The density of total aboveground weed density (no. m−2) was higher in ZTDSR-ZT in 2013-14 and lower in 2014-15 compared with remaining tillage techniques at 65 days after sowing. Thus, higher aboveground weed density in ZTDSR-ZT system minimized the soil seed density over time. Complete ZT-based practices (ZTDSR–ZT, ZTTPR–ZT) with crop residue significantly enhanced the grain yield of component crops over the CTTPR–CT. Thus, it implies that exhaustion of soil seedbank in ZTDSR-ZT system after 5 years can reduce the aboveground weed infestation and attain the higher grain yield compared to the CTTPR-CT system.
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spelling CGSpace1644252024-12-19T14:12:28Z Viable weed seed density and diversity in soil and crop productivity under conservation agriculture practices in rice-based cropping systems Nandan, Rajiv Singh, Vikram Kumar, Virender Singh, S.S. Hazra, K.K. Nath, C.P. Malik, R.K. Poonia, S.P. agronomy crop science Viable weed seed density and diversity in soil were assessed in an experiment that comprised two types of crop rotation [rice-wheat and rice-maize], two crop residue management (without residue and with residue), and four tillage techniques: conventional tillage (CT) transplanted puddled rice (TPR) – CT wheat/maize (CTTPR-CT), unpuddled transplanted rice – zero tillage (ZT) wheat/maize (UPTPR-ZT), ZT transplanted rice (ZTTPR) – ZT wheat/maize (ZTTPR-ZT), and ZT dry seeded rice (ZTDSR) - ZT wheat/maize (ZTDSR-ZT). The aim was to investigate the density and community composition of viable weed seed in soil in UPTPR-ZT, ZTTPR-ZT, and ZTDSR-ZT systems with and without crop residue, using the seedling germination method. The soil seed density was assessed in 2013-14 and 2014-15 after 4th and 5th year crop cycles established on a sandy loam soil of Patna, India. Total viable seed density was the highest for Cyperus iria L. irrespective of the treatment in both years. Rice-wheat system recorded 4% higher (mean of two years) seed density over the rice-maize system. Residue management practices did not differ for total viable seed density in both years. The ZTDSR-ZT, UPTPR-ZT, and ZTDSR-ZT systems resulted in significantly higher Shannon-Wiener, Simpson, and evenness indices compared to the CTTPR-CT system. Total viable seed density was the lowest for ZTDSR-ZT compared to the remaining tillage practices in both years. The sequence for Leptochloa chinensis (L.) Nees emergence was ZTTPR-ZT > ZTDSR-ZT > UPTPR-ZT > CTTPR-CT in 2014-15 (P < 0.05), signifying the more dominance of monocotyledons in ZT systems. The density of total aboveground weed density (no. m−2) was higher in ZTDSR-ZT in 2013-14 and lower in 2014-15 compared with remaining tillage techniques at 65 days after sowing. Thus, higher aboveground weed density in ZTDSR-ZT system minimized the soil seed density over time. Complete ZT-based practices (ZTDSR–ZT, ZTTPR–ZT) with crop residue significantly enhanced the grain yield of component crops over the CTTPR–CT. Thus, it implies that exhaustion of soil seedbank in ZTDSR-ZT system after 5 years can reduce the aboveground weed infestation and attain the higher grain yield compared to the CTTPR-CT system. 2020-10 2024-12-19T12:53:52Z 2024-12-19T12:53:52Z Journal Article https://hdl.handle.net/10568/164425 en Open Access Elsevier Nandan, Rajiv; Singh, Vikram; Kumar, Virender; Singh, S.S.; Hazra, K.K.; Nath, C.P.; Malik, R.K. and Poonia, S.P. 2020. Viable weed seed density and diversity in soil and crop productivity under conservation agriculture practices in rice-based cropping systems. Crop Protection, Volume 136 p. 105210
spellingShingle agronomy
crop science
Nandan, Rajiv
Singh, Vikram
Kumar, Virender
Singh, S.S.
Hazra, K.K.
Nath, C.P.
Malik, R.K.
Poonia, S.P.
Viable weed seed density and diversity in soil and crop productivity under conservation agriculture practices in rice-based cropping systems
title Viable weed seed density and diversity in soil and crop productivity under conservation agriculture practices in rice-based cropping systems
title_full Viable weed seed density and diversity in soil and crop productivity under conservation agriculture practices in rice-based cropping systems
title_fullStr Viable weed seed density and diversity in soil and crop productivity under conservation agriculture practices in rice-based cropping systems
title_full_unstemmed Viable weed seed density and diversity in soil and crop productivity under conservation agriculture practices in rice-based cropping systems
title_short Viable weed seed density and diversity in soil and crop productivity under conservation agriculture practices in rice-based cropping systems
title_sort viable weed seed density and diversity in soil and crop productivity under conservation agriculture practices in rice based cropping systems
topic agronomy
crop science
url https://hdl.handle.net/10568/164425
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