Weed germinable seedbanks of rice-wheat systems in the Eastern Indo-Gangetic Plains: Do tillage and edaphic factors explain community variation?

Zero tillage (ZT) is widely promoted throughout India's Eastern Indo‐Gangetic Plains (IGP) because of its potential to increase wheat productivity and resilience to abiotic stresses. Weeds remain a major barrier to ZT adoption, yet it remains unclear how ZT will influence weed communities in the Eas...

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Autores principales: Lowry, Carolyn J., Brainard, Daniel C., Kumar, Virender, Smith, Richard G., Singh, Madhulika, Kumar, Pankaj, Kumar, Ajay, Kumar, Vipin, Joon, Rajiv K., Jat, Raj K., Poonia, Shishpal, Malik, Ram K., McDonald, Andrew
Formato: Journal Article
Lenguaje:Inglés
Publicado: Wiley 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/10568/164194
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author Lowry, Carolyn J.
Brainard, Daniel C.
Kumar, Virender
Smith, Richard G.
Singh, Madhulika
Kumar, Pankaj
Kumar, Ajay
Kumar, Vipin
Joon, Rajiv K.
Jat, Raj K.
Poonia, Shishpal
Malik, Ram K.
McDonald, Andrew
author_browse Brainard, Daniel C.
Jat, Raj K.
Joon, Rajiv K.
Kumar, Ajay
Kumar, Pankaj
Kumar, Vipin
Kumar, Virender
Lowry, Carolyn J.
Malik, Ram K.
McDonald, Andrew
Poonia, Shishpal
Singh, Madhulika
Smith, Richard G.
author_facet Lowry, Carolyn J.
Brainard, Daniel C.
Kumar, Virender
Smith, Richard G.
Singh, Madhulika
Kumar, Pankaj
Kumar, Ajay
Kumar, Vipin
Joon, Rajiv K.
Jat, Raj K.
Poonia, Shishpal
Malik, Ram K.
McDonald, Andrew
author_sort Lowry, Carolyn J.
collection Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace)
description Zero tillage (ZT) is widely promoted throughout India's Eastern Indo‐Gangetic Plains (IGP) because of its potential to increase wheat productivity and resilience to abiotic stresses. Weeds remain a major barrier to ZT adoption, yet it remains unclear how ZT will influence weed communities in the Eastern‐IGP. The primary objective of this study was to characterise the composition of the germinable weed seedbank sampled just prior to the wheat phase of rice–wheat farms in Bihar and Eastern Uttar Pradesh, and examine whether adoption of ZT wheat has shifted weed community composition compared to conventional tillage (CT). Additionally, we examined whether edaphic properties and topography (upland vs. lowland) explain variation in germinable weed seedbank communities. In December 2014, we evaluated the germinable seedbank from 72 fields differing in their historic (>=3 year) tillage practices (ZT vs. CT) in three regions: Samastipur–Vaishali–Muzaffarpur (SVM), Ara–Buxar and Maharajgunj–Kushinagar. Weed community composition and species richness varied by region and topography. ZT adoption was associated with lower relative density of Chenopodium album in the germinable seedbank and lower emergence of Phalaris minor seedlings within farmers’ fields. In upland topographies of the SVM region, ZT adoption was also associated with greater relative abundance of Solanum nigrum in the weed seedbank. However, differences between tillage systems in individual species were not large enough to result in detection of differences at the whole‐community level. Variation in edaphic properties, most notably soil texture and pH, explained 51% of the variation in the weed seedbank community. Our work suggests several frequent but poorly understood species (e.g. Mazus pumilus and Grangea maderaspatana) in Eastern IGP for which future research should quantify their effects on crop yields. Finally, future work surveying weed species abundance at harvest could further determine the dominant problematic species in these regions.
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spelling CGSpace1641942024-12-22T05:44:44Z Weed germinable seedbanks of rice-wheat systems in the Eastern Indo-Gangetic Plains: Do tillage and edaphic factors explain community variation? Lowry, Carolyn J. Brainard, Daniel C. Kumar, Virender Smith, Richard G. Singh, Madhulika Kumar, Pankaj Kumar, Ajay Kumar, Vipin Joon, Rajiv K. Jat, Raj K. Poonia, Shishpal Malik, Ram K. McDonald, Andrew plant science agronomy and crop science ecology evolution behavior and systematics Zero tillage (ZT) is widely promoted throughout India's Eastern Indo‐Gangetic Plains (IGP) because of its potential to increase wheat productivity and resilience to abiotic stresses. Weeds remain a major barrier to ZT adoption, yet it remains unclear how ZT will influence weed communities in the Eastern‐IGP. The primary objective of this study was to characterise the composition of the germinable weed seedbank sampled just prior to the wheat phase of rice–wheat farms in Bihar and Eastern Uttar Pradesh, and examine whether adoption of ZT wheat has shifted weed community composition compared to conventional tillage (CT). Additionally, we examined whether edaphic properties and topography (upland vs. lowland) explain variation in germinable weed seedbank communities. In December 2014, we evaluated the germinable seedbank from 72 fields differing in their historic (>=3 year) tillage practices (ZT vs. CT) in three regions: Samastipur–Vaishali–Muzaffarpur (SVM), Ara–Buxar and Maharajgunj–Kushinagar. Weed community composition and species richness varied by region and topography. ZT adoption was associated with lower relative density of Chenopodium album in the germinable seedbank and lower emergence of Phalaris minor seedlings within farmers’ fields. In upland topographies of the SVM region, ZT adoption was also associated with greater relative abundance of Solanum nigrum in the weed seedbank. However, differences between tillage systems in individual species were not large enough to result in detection of differences at the whole‐community level. Variation in edaphic properties, most notably soil texture and pH, explained 51% of the variation in the weed seedbank community. Our work suggests several frequent but poorly understood species (e.g. Mazus pumilus and Grangea maderaspatana) in Eastern IGP for which future research should quantify their effects on crop yields. Finally, future work surveying weed species abundance at harvest could further determine the dominant problematic species in these regions. 2021-12 2024-12-19T12:53:35Z 2024-12-19T12:53:35Z Journal Article https://hdl.handle.net/10568/164194 en Open Access Wiley Lowry, Carolyn J.; Brainard, Daniel C.; Kumar, Virender; Smith, Richard G.; Singh, Madhulika; Kumar, Pankaj; Kumar, Ajay; Kumar, Vipin; Joon, Rajiv K.; Jat, Raj K.; Poonia, Shishpal; Malik, Ram K. and McDonald, Andrew. 2021. Weed germinable seedbanks of rice-wheat systems in the Eastern Indo-Gangetic Plains: Do tillage and edaphic factors explain community variation?. Weed Research, Volume 61 no. 6 p. 475-485
spellingShingle plant science
agronomy and crop science
ecology
evolution
behavior and systematics
Lowry, Carolyn J.
Brainard, Daniel C.
Kumar, Virender
Smith, Richard G.
Singh, Madhulika
Kumar, Pankaj
Kumar, Ajay
Kumar, Vipin
Joon, Rajiv K.
Jat, Raj K.
Poonia, Shishpal
Malik, Ram K.
McDonald, Andrew
Weed germinable seedbanks of rice-wheat systems in the Eastern Indo-Gangetic Plains: Do tillage and edaphic factors explain community variation?
title Weed germinable seedbanks of rice-wheat systems in the Eastern Indo-Gangetic Plains: Do tillage and edaphic factors explain community variation?
title_full Weed germinable seedbanks of rice-wheat systems in the Eastern Indo-Gangetic Plains: Do tillage and edaphic factors explain community variation?
title_fullStr Weed germinable seedbanks of rice-wheat systems in the Eastern Indo-Gangetic Plains: Do tillage and edaphic factors explain community variation?
title_full_unstemmed Weed germinable seedbanks of rice-wheat systems in the Eastern Indo-Gangetic Plains: Do tillage and edaphic factors explain community variation?
title_short Weed germinable seedbanks of rice-wheat systems in the Eastern Indo-Gangetic Plains: Do tillage and edaphic factors explain community variation?
title_sort weed germinable seedbanks of rice wheat systems in the eastern indo gangetic plains do tillage and edaphic factors explain community variation
topic plant science
agronomy and crop science
ecology
evolution
behavior and systematics
url https://hdl.handle.net/10568/164194
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