Outburst of pest populations in rice-based cropping systems under conservation agricultural practices in the middle Indo-Gangetic Plains of South Asia

Conservation agriculture (CA), which encompasses minimum soil disturbance, residue retention either through crop residue, or cover crops and crop diversification-based crop management practices can modify the status of pest dynamics and activities under the changing climatic scenarios. CA has been a...

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Main Authors: Kumar, Rakesh, Choudhary, Jaipal Singh, Mishra, Janki Sharan, Mondal, Surajit, Poonia, Shishpal, Monobrullah, Mohammad, Hans, Hansraj, Verma, Mausam, Kumar, Ujjwal, Bhatt, Bhagwati Prasad, Malik, Ram Kanwar, Kumar, Virender, McDonald, Andrew
Format: Journal Article
Language:Inglés
Published: Springer 2022
Online Access:https://hdl.handle.net/10568/164098
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author Kumar, Rakesh
Choudhary, Jaipal Singh
Mishra, Janki Sharan
Mondal, Surajit
Poonia, Shishpal
Monobrullah, Mohammad
Hans, Hansraj
Verma, Mausam
Kumar, Ujjwal
Bhatt, Bhagwati Prasad
Malik, Ram Kanwar
Kumar, Virender
McDonald, Andrew
author_browse Bhatt, Bhagwati Prasad
Choudhary, Jaipal Singh
Hans, Hansraj
Kumar, Rakesh
Kumar, Ujjwal
Kumar, Virender
Malik, Ram Kanwar
McDonald, Andrew
Mishra, Janki Sharan
Mondal, Surajit
Monobrullah, Mohammad
Poonia, Shishpal
Verma, Mausam
author_facet Kumar, Rakesh
Choudhary, Jaipal Singh
Mishra, Janki Sharan
Mondal, Surajit
Poonia, Shishpal
Monobrullah, Mohammad
Hans, Hansraj
Verma, Mausam
Kumar, Ujjwal
Bhatt, Bhagwati Prasad
Malik, Ram Kanwar
Kumar, Virender
McDonald, Andrew
author_sort Kumar, Rakesh
collection Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace)
description Conservation agriculture (CA), which encompasses minimum soil disturbance, residue retention either through crop residue, or cover crops and crop diversification-based crop management practices can modify the status of pest dynamics and activities under the changing climatic scenarios. CA has been advocated extensively to optimize the use of available resources, maintain the environmental quality, enhance crop productivity, and reduce the climate change impacts. Information related to the impacts of long-term CA-production systems under rice-based cropping systems on pest status is lacking, particularly in middle Indo-Gangetic Plains (MIGP). Under CA, puddling is completely avoided, and rice is directly sown or transplanted to maintain better soil health. Different sets of experimentations including farmers practice, partial CA and full CA (CA) as treatments in rice-based cropping systems, were established from 2009, 2015 and 2016 to understand the long-term impacts of CA on pest dynamics. In this study, direct and indirect effects of tillage (zero, reduced and conventional tillage), residue retention and cropping sequences on abundance and damage by pests were investigated. After 4–5 years of experimentation, populations of oriental armyworm [Mythinma (Leucania) (Pseudaletia) separata (Wlk.)] in wheat, mealybug [Brevennia rehi (Lindinger)] and bandicoot rat [Bandicota bengalensis (Gray)] in rice were found to increase abnormally in CA-based production systems. Conventionally tilled plots had a significant negative effect while residue load in zero-tilled plots had a significant positive effect on larval population build-up of M. separata. Zero tillage had a higher infestation of mealybug (52–91% infested hills) that used grassy weeds (Echinochloa colona, Echinochloa crusgalli, Cynodon dactylon, Leptochloa chinensis and Panicum repense) as alternate hosts. Cropping sequences and no disturbance of soil and grassy weeds had higher live burrow counts (4.2 and 13.7 burrows as compared to 1.47 and 7.53 burrows per 62.5 m2 during 2019–2020 and 2020–2021, respectively) and damaged tillers (3.4%) in CA-based practices. Based on the present study, pest management strategies in CA need to be revisited with respect to tillage, residue retention on soil surface, grassy weeds in field and cropping sequences to deliver the full benefits of CA in MIGP to achieve the sustainable development goals under the climate change scenarios.
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spelling CGSpace1640982024-12-19T14:13:06Z Outburst of pest populations in rice-based cropping systems under conservation agricultural practices in the middle Indo-Gangetic Plains of South Asia Kumar, Rakesh Choudhary, Jaipal Singh Mishra, Janki Sharan Mondal, Surajit Poonia, Shishpal Monobrullah, Mohammad Hans, Hansraj Verma, Mausam Kumar, Ujjwal Bhatt, Bhagwati Prasad Malik, Ram Kanwar Kumar, Virender McDonald, Andrew Conservation agriculture (CA), which encompasses minimum soil disturbance, residue retention either through crop residue, or cover crops and crop diversification-based crop management practices can modify the status of pest dynamics and activities under the changing climatic scenarios. CA has been advocated extensively to optimize the use of available resources, maintain the environmental quality, enhance crop productivity, and reduce the climate change impacts. Information related to the impacts of long-term CA-production systems under rice-based cropping systems on pest status is lacking, particularly in middle Indo-Gangetic Plains (MIGP). Under CA, puddling is completely avoided, and rice is directly sown or transplanted to maintain better soil health. Different sets of experimentations including farmers practice, partial CA and full CA (CA) as treatments in rice-based cropping systems, were established from 2009, 2015 and 2016 to understand the long-term impacts of CA on pest dynamics. In this study, direct and indirect effects of tillage (zero, reduced and conventional tillage), residue retention and cropping sequences on abundance and damage by pests were investigated. After 4–5 years of experimentation, populations of oriental armyworm [Mythinma (Leucania) (Pseudaletia) separata (Wlk.)] in wheat, mealybug [Brevennia rehi (Lindinger)] and bandicoot rat [Bandicota bengalensis (Gray)] in rice were found to increase abnormally in CA-based production systems. Conventionally tilled plots had a significant negative effect while residue load in zero-tilled plots had a significant positive effect on larval population build-up of M. separata. Zero tillage had a higher infestation of mealybug (52–91% infested hills) that used grassy weeds (Echinochloa colona, Echinochloa crusgalli, Cynodon dactylon, Leptochloa chinensis and Panicum repense) as alternate hosts. Cropping sequences and no disturbance of soil and grassy weeds had higher live burrow counts (4.2 and 13.7 burrows as compared to 1.47 and 7.53 burrows per 62.5 m2 during 2019–2020 and 2020–2021, respectively) and damaged tillers (3.4%) in CA-based practices. Based on the present study, pest management strategies in CA need to be revisited with respect to tillage, residue retention on soil surface, grassy weeds in field and cropping sequences to deliver the full benefits of CA in MIGP to achieve the sustainable development goals under the climate change scenarios. 2022-03-08 2024-12-19T12:53:28Z 2024-12-19T12:53:28Z Journal Article https://hdl.handle.net/10568/164098 en Open Access Springer Kumar, Rakesh; Choudhary, Jaipal Singh; Mishra, Janki Sharan; Mondal, Surajit; Poonia, Shishpal; Monobrullah, Mohammad; Hans, Hansraj; Verma, Mausam; Kumar, Ujjwal; Bhatt, Bhagwati Prasad; Malik, Ram Kanwar; Kumar, Virender and McDonald, Andrew. 2022. Outburst of pest populations in rice-based cropping systems under conservation agricultural practices in the middle Indo-Gangetic Plains of South Asia. Sci Rep, Volume 12, no. 1
spellingShingle Kumar, Rakesh
Choudhary, Jaipal Singh
Mishra, Janki Sharan
Mondal, Surajit
Poonia, Shishpal
Monobrullah, Mohammad
Hans, Hansraj
Verma, Mausam
Kumar, Ujjwal
Bhatt, Bhagwati Prasad
Malik, Ram Kanwar
Kumar, Virender
McDonald, Andrew
Outburst of pest populations in rice-based cropping systems under conservation agricultural practices in the middle Indo-Gangetic Plains of South Asia
title Outburst of pest populations in rice-based cropping systems under conservation agricultural practices in the middle Indo-Gangetic Plains of South Asia
title_full Outburst of pest populations in rice-based cropping systems under conservation agricultural practices in the middle Indo-Gangetic Plains of South Asia
title_fullStr Outburst of pest populations in rice-based cropping systems under conservation agricultural practices in the middle Indo-Gangetic Plains of South Asia
title_full_unstemmed Outburst of pest populations in rice-based cropping systems under conservation agricultural practices in the middle Indo-Gangetic Plains of South Asia
title_short Outburst of pest populations in rice-based cropping systems under conservation agricultural practices in the middle Indo-Gangetic Plains of South Asia
title_sort outburst of pest populations in rice based cropping systems under conservation agricultural practices in the middle indo gangetic plains of south asia
url https://hdl.handle.net/10568/164098
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