Genotype x environment interaction: trade-offs between the agronomic performance and stability of durum (Triticum turgidum) wheat to stem-rust resistance in Kenya

Stem rust significantly threatens durum wheat production, often resulting in substantial yield losses. To better understand resistance mechanisms and the stability of durum lines in stem rust-prone environments, this study evaluated 49 durum genotypes over three seasons at the Kenya Agricultural and...

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Main Authors: Emmaculate A. Ogutu, Madahana, Sammy L., Bhavani, Sridhar, Macharia, Godwin
Format: Journal Article
Language:Inglés
Published: Frontiers Media 2024
Subjects:
Online Access:https://hdl.handle.net/10568/162556
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author Emmaculate A. Ogutu
Madahana, Sammy L.
Bhavani, Sridhar
Macharia, Godwin
author_browse Bhavani, Sridhar
Emmaculate A. Ogutu
Macharia, Godwin
Madahana, Sammy L.
author_facet Emmaculate A. Ogutu
Madahana, Sammy L.
Bhavani, Sridhar
Macharia, Godwin
author_sort Emmaculate A. Ogutu
collection Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace)
description Stem rust significantly threatens durum wheat production, often resulting in substantial yield losses. To better understand resistance mechanisms and the stability of durum lines in stem rust-prone environments, this study evaluated 49 durum genotypes over three seasons at the Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization in Njoro. Utilizing 7 x 7 alpha lattice design, we assessed adult-plant resistance, monitored disease progression through final disease score (FDS) and area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC), and evaluated agronomic performance. Statistical analyses revealed significant seasonal and genotypic effects on FDS, AUDPC, spike length, and grain yield (p <= 0.01; p <= 0.001), with important genotype-by-season interactions (p <= 0.05; p <= 0.001). Broad-sense heritability for AUDPC was high at 0.91 and moderate at 0.35 for kernels per spike, underscoring the genetic basis of these traits. Notably, we observed negative correlations between disease parameters and agronomic traits, suggesting potential trade-offs. GGE biplot analysis singled out the first season (main season of 2019) as crucial for evaluating stem rust resistance and identified several durum lines, such as G45 and G48, as consistently resistant across all conditions. Furthermore, this analysis highlighted G45, G48, G176 and G189 as the highest yielding and most stable lines. The discovery of these resistant and high-performing genotypes is critical for enhancing durum breeding programs, helping to mitigate the impact of stem rust and improve yield stability.
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spelling CGSpace1625562025-12-08T10:29:22Z Genotype x environment interaction: trade-offs between the agronomic performance and stability of durum (Triticum turgidum) wheat to stem-rust resistance in Kenya Emmaculate A. Ogutu Madahana, Sammy L. Bhavani, Sridhar Macharia, Godwin hard wheat stem rust genotype environment interaction genetic variation Stem rust significantly threatens durum wheat production, often resulting in substantial yield losses. To better understand resistance mechanisms and the stability of durum lines in stem rust-prone environments, this study evaluated 49 durum genotypes over three seasons at the Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization in Njoro. Utilizing 7 x 7 alpha lattice design, we assessed adult-plant resistance, monitored disease progression through final disease score (FDS) and area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC), and evaluated agronomic performance. Statistical analyses revealed significant seasonal and genotypic effects on FDS, AUDPC, spike length, and grain yield (p <= 0.01; p <= 0.001), with important genotype-by-season interactions (p <= 0.05; p <= 0.001). Broad-sense heritability for AUDPC was high at 0.91 and moderate at 0.35 for kernels per spike, underscoring the genetic basis of these traits. Notably, we observed negative correlations between disease parameters and agronomic traits, suggesting potential trade-offs. GGE biplot analysis singled out the first season (main season of 2019) as crucial for evaluating stem rust resistance and identified several durum lines, such as G45 and G48, as consistently resistant across all conditions. Furthermore, this analysis highlighted G45, G48, G176 and G189 as the highest yielding and most stable lines. The discovery of these resistant and high-performing genotypes is critical for enhancing durum breeding programs, helping to mitigate the impact of stem rust and improve yield stability. 2024-07 2024-11-21T17:29:13Z 2024-11-21T17:29:13Z Journal Article https://hdl.handle.net/10568/162556 en Open Access application/pdf Frontiers Media Ogutu, E. A., Madahana, S. L., Bhavani, S., & Macharia, G. (2024). Genotype × environment interaction: trade-offs between the agronomic performance and stability of durum (Triticum turgidum) wheat to stem-rust resistance in Kenya. Frontiers in Plant Science, 15, 1427483. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2024.1427483
spellingShingle hard wheat
stem rust
genotype environment interaction
genetic variation
Emmaculate A. Ogutu
Madahana, Sammy L.
Bhavani, Sridhar
Macharia, Godwin
Genotype x environment interaction: trade-offs between the agronomic performance and stability of durum (Triticum turgidum) wheat to stem-rust resistance in Kenya
title Genotype x environment interaction: trade-offs between the agronomic performance and stability of durum (Triticum turgidum) wheat to stem-rust resistance in Kenya
title_full Genotype x environment interaction: trade-offs between the agronomic performance and stability of durum (Triticum turgidum) wheat to stem-rust resistance in Kenya
title_fullStr Genotype x environment interaction: trade-offs between the agronomic performance and stability of durum (Triticum turgidum) wheat to stem-rust resistance in Kenya
title_full_unstemmed Genotype x environment interaction: trade-offs between the agronomic performance and stability of durum (Triticum turgidum) wheat to stem-rust resistance in Kenya
title_short Genotype x environment interaction: trade-offs between the agronomic performance and stability of durum (Triticum turgidum) wheat to stem-rust resistance in Kenya
title_sort genotype x environment interaction trade offs between the agronomic performance and stability of durum triticum turgidum wheat to stem rust resistance in kenya
topic hard wheat
stem rust
genotype environment interaction
genetic variation
url https://hdl.handle.net/10568/162556
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