Enhanced radiation use efficiency and grain filling rate as the main drivers of grain yield genetic gains in the CIMMYT elite spring wheat yield trial
Common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is a major staple food crop, providing a fifth of food calories and proteins to the world’s human population. Despite the impressive growth in global wheat production in recent decades, further increases in grain yield are required to meet future demands. Here we...
| Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Formato: | Journal Article |
| Lenguaje: | Inglés |
| Publicado: |
Nature Publishing Group
2024
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| Materias: | |
| Acceso en línea: | https://hdl.handle.net/10568/162534 |
| _version_ | 1855531406452588544 |
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| author | Gerard, Guillermo S. Mondal, Suchismita Piñera Chavez, Francisco J. Rivera Amado, A. Carolina Molero, Gemma Crossa, José Huerta-Espino, Julio Velu, Govindan Braun, Hans J. Singh, Ravi P. Crespo-Herrera, Leonardo A. |
| author_browse | Braun, Hans J. Crespo-Herrera, Leonardo A. Crossa, José Gerard, Guillermo S. Huerta-Espino, Julio Molero, Gemma Mondal, Suchismita Piñera Chavez, Francisco J. Rivera Amado, A. Carolina Singh, Ravi P. Velu, Govindan |
| author_facet | Gerard, Guillermo S. Mondal, Suchismita Piñera Chavez, Francisco J. Rivera Amado, A. Carolina Molero, Gemma Crossa, José Huerta-Espino, Julio Velu, Govindan Braun, Hans J. Singh, Ravi P. Crespo-Herrera, Leonardo A. |
| author_sort | Gerard, Guillermo S. |
| collection | Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace) |
| description | Common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is a major staple food crop, providing a fifth of food calories and proteins to the world’s human population. Despite the impressive growth in global wheat production in recent decades, further increases in grain yield are required to meet future demands. Here we estimated genetic gain and genotype stability for grain yield (GY) and determined the trait associations that contributed uniquely or in combination to increased GY, through a retrospective analysis of top-performing genotypes selected from the elite spring wheat yield trial (ESWYT) evaluated internationally during a 14-year period (2003 to 2016). Fifty-six ESWYT genotypes and four checks were sown under optimally irrigated conditions in three phenotyping trials during three consecutive growing seasons (2018–2019 to 2020–2021) at Norman E. Borlaug Research Station, Ciudad Obregon, Mexico. The mean GY rose from 6.75 (24th ESWYT) to 7.87 t ha−1 (37th ESWYT), representing a cumulative increase of 1.12 t ha−1. The annual genetic gain for GY was estimated at 0.96% (65 kg ha−1 year−1) accompanied by a positive trend in genotype stability over time. The GY progress was mainly associated with increases in biomass (BM), grain filling rate (GFR), total radiation use efficiency (RUE_total), grain weight per spike (GWS), and reduction in days to heading (DTH), which together explained 95.5% of the GY variation. Regression lines over the years showed significant increases of 0.015 kg m−2 year−1 (p < 0.01), 0.074 g m−2 year−1 (p < 0.05), and 0.017 g MJ−1 year−1 (p < 0.001) for BM, GFR, and RUE_total, respectively. Grain weight per spike exhibited a positive but no significant trend (0.014 g year−1, p = 0.07), whereas a negative tendency for DTH was observed (− 0.43 days year−1, p < 0.001). Analysis of the top ten highest-yielding genotypes revealed differential GY-associated trait contributions, demonstrating that improved GY can be attained through different mechanisms and indicating that no single trait criterion is adopted by CIMMYT breeders for developing new superior lines. We conclude that CIMMYT’s Bread Wheat Breeding Program has continued to deliver adapted and more productive wheat genotypes to National partners worldwide, mainly driven by enhancing RUE_total and GFR and that future yield increases could be achieved by intercrossing genetically diverse top performer genotypes. |
| format | Journal Article |
| id | CGSpace162534 |
| institution | CGIAR Consortium |
| language | Inglés |
| publishDate | 2024 |
| publishDateRange | 2024 |
| publishDateSort | 2024 |
| publisher | Nature Publishing Group |
| publisherStr | Nature Publishing Group |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | CGSpace1625342025-05-04T09:21:58Z Enhanced radiation use efficiency and grain filling rate as the main drivers of grain yield genetic gains in the CIMMYT elite spring wheat yield trial Gerard, Guillermo S. Mondal, Suchismita Piñera Chavez, Francisco J. Rivera Amado, A. Carolina Molero, Gemma Crossa, José Huerta-Espino, Julio Velu, Govindan Braun, Hans J. Singh, Ravi P. Crespo-Herrera, Leonardo A. triticum aestivum grain yields genetic gain field experimentation data analysis weather Common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is a major staple food crop, providing a fifth of food calories and proteins to the world’s human population. Despite the impressive growth in global wheat production in recent decades, further increases in grain yield are required to meet future demands. Here we estimated genetic gain and genotype stability for grain yield (GY) and determined the trait associations that contributed uniquely or in combination to increased GY, through a retrospective analysis of top-performing genotypes selected from the elite spring wheat yield trial (ESWYT) evaluated internationally during a 14-year period (2003 to 2016). Fifty-six ESWYT genotypes and four checks were sown under optimally irrigated conditions in three phenotyping trials during three consecutive growing seasons (2018–2019 to 2020–2021) at Norman E. Borlaug Research Station, Ciudad Obregon, Mexico. The mean GY rose from 6.75 (24th ESWYT) to 7.87 t ha−1 (37th ESWYT), representing a cumulative increase of 1.12 t ha−1. The annual genetic gain for GY was estimated at 0.96% (65 kg ha−1 year−1) accompanied by a positive trend in genotype stability over time. The GY progress was mainly associated with increases in biomass (BM), grain filling rate (GFR), total radiation use efficiency (RUE_total), grain weight per spike (GWS), and reduction in days to heading (DTH), which together explained 95.5% of the GY variation. Regression lines over the years showed significant increases of 0.015 kg m−2 year−1 (p < 0.01), 0.074 g m−2 year−1 (p < 0.05), and 0.017 g MJ−1 year−1 (p < 0.001) for BM, GFR, and RUE_total, respectively. Grain weight per spike exhibited a positive but no significant trend (0.014 g year−1, p = 0.07), whereas a negative tendency for DTH was observed (− 0.43 days year−1, p < 0.001). Analysis of the top ten highest-yielding genotypes revealed differential GY-associated trait contributions, demonstrating that improved GY can be attained through different mechanisms and indicating that no single trait criterion is adopted by CIMMYT breeders for developing new superior lines. We conclude that CIMMYT’s Bread Wheat Breeding Program has continued to deliver adapted and more productive wheat genotypes to National partners worldwide, mainly driven by enhancing RUE_total and GFR and that future yield increases could be achieved by intercrossing genetically diverse top performer genotypes. 2024-05 2024-11-21T15:44:05Z 2024-11-21T15:44:05Z Journal Article https://hdl.handle.net/10568/162534 en https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-67938-2 Open Access application/pdf Nature Publishing Group Gerard, G., Mondal, S., Piñera-Chávez, F., Rivera-Amado, C., Molero, G., Crossa, J., Huerta-Espino, J., Velu, G., Braun, H., Singh, R., & Crespo-Herrera, L. (2024). Enhanced radiation use efficiency and grain filling rate as the main drivers of grain yield genetic gains in the CIMMYT elite spring wheat yield trial. Scientific Reports, 14(1), 10975. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-60853-6 |
| spellingShingle | triticum aestivum grain yields genetic gain field experimentation data analysis weather Gerard, Guillermo S. Mondal, Suchismita Piñera Chavez, Francisco J. Rivera Amado, A. Carolina Molero, Gemma Crossa, José Huerta-Espino, Julio Velu, Govindan Braun, Hans J. Singh, Ravi P. Crespo-Herrera, Leonardo A. Enhanced radiation use efficiency and grain filling rate as the main drivers of grain yield genetic gains in the CIMMYT elite spring wheat yield trial |
| title | Enhanced radiation use efficiency and grain filling rate as the main drivers of grain yield genetic gains in the CIMMYT elite spring wheat yield trial |
| title_full | Enhanced radiation use efficiency and grain filling rate as the main drivers of grain yield genetic gains in the CIMMYT elite spring wheat yield trial |
| title_fullStr | Enhanced radiation use efficiency and grain filling rate as the main drivers of grain yield genetic gains in the CIMMYT elite spring wheat yield trial |
| title_full_unstemmed | Enhanced radiation use efficiency and grain filling rate as the main drivers of grain yield genetic gains in the CIMMYT elite spring wheat yield trial |
| title_short | Enhanced radiation use efficiency and grain filling rate as the main drivers of grain yield genetic gains in the CIMMYT elite spring wheat yield trial |
| title_sort | enhanced radiation use efficiency and grain filling rate as the main drivers of grain yield genetic gains in the cimmyt elite spring wheat yield trial |
| topic | triticum aestivum grain yields genetic gain field experimentation data analysis weather |
| url | https://hdl.handle.net/10568/162534 |
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