Agricultural extension in Ethiopia through a gender and governance lens
Drawing on a household survey collected in eight woredas in seven Ethiopian regions in 2009, as well as on qualitative fieldwork in four of the eight woredas, this paper provides analysis of agricultural extension delivery in Ethiopia. While overall extension services are relatively accessible in Et...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Artículo preliminar |
| Language: | Inglés |
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International Food Policy Research Institute
2009
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/10568/162054 |
| _version_ | 1855532421142806528 |
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| author | Mogues, Tewodaj Cohen, Marc J. Birner, Regina Lemma, Mamusha Randriamamonjy, Josee Tadesse, Fanaye Paulos, Zelekawork |
| author_browse | Birner, Regina Cohen, Marc J. Lemma, Mamusha Mogues, Tewodaj Paulos, Zelekawork Randriamamonjy, Josee Tadesse, Fanaye |
| author_facet | Mogues, Tewodaj Cohen, Marc J. Birner, Regina Lemma, Mamusha Randriamamonjy, Josee Tadesse, Fanaye Paulos, Zelekawork |
| author_sort | Mogues, Tewodaj |
| collection | Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace) |
| description | Drawing on a household survey collected in eight woredas in seven Ethiopian regions in 2009, as well as on qualitative fieldwork in four of the eight woredas, this paper provides analysis of agricultural extension delivery in Ethiopia. While overall extension services are relatively accessible in Ethiopia, there are differences in access between men and women, and particularly stark differences by region. Individual visits by public sector extension agents to household farms are by far the most common mode of extension delivery; alternative modes of extension (either in delivery method or type of service provider) play a rather limited role. Using the method widely applied in the "Citizen Report Card" approach, questions to farmers regarding satisfaction with services yielded near 100 percent reporting of satisfaction; however, the study also showed relatively low uptake of extension advice. This suggests the need to revisit or refine the Citizen Report Card method of eliciting satisfaction with services in this type of empirical context. Women's groups (e.g. the women's associations at the kebele level in rural areas) may be a promising approach to reach women with extension services; in some of the study sites, they were able to successfully link extension agents with women farmers and circumvent the socially sensitive issue of (male) extension agents providing advice to women one-on-one. However, the use of women's associations also for other matters, e.g. political mobilization of women, may weaken their promise in expanding access to extension services for women farmers. Finally, making agricultural extension demand driven remains a challenge in Ethiopia. While there is strong political will to expand agricultural extension in Ethiopia, the strong standardisation of extension packages arising from a pronounced top-down nature of public service delivery makes it difficult to tailor agricultural extension to farmers' needs. The incentives of extension agents are set in a way that they try to maximize farmers' adoption of standardized packages. The packages have become less rigid in recent years, with a menu of options now available to farmers. However, even the more diversified menu cannot substitute for the microlevel adaptation, the process that would make new inputs and practices more credible to farmers, and which only extension workers and their farmers can feasibly manage. |
| format | Artículo preliminar |
| id | CGSpace162054 |
| institution | CGIAR Consortium |
| language | Inglés |
| publishDate | 2009 |
| publishDateRange | 2009 |
| publishDateSort | 2009 |
| publisher | International Food Policy Research Institute |
| publisherStr | International Food Policy Research Institute |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | CGSpace1620542025-11-06T06:57:49Z Agricultural extension in Ethiopia through a gender and governance lens Mogues, Tewodaj Cohen, Marc J. Birner, Regina Lemma, Mamusha Randriamamonjy, Josee Tadesse, Fanaye Paulos, Zelekawork agricultural extension governance gender household surveys globalization Drawing on a household survey collected in eight woredas in seven Ethiopian regions in 2009, as well as on qualitative fieldwork in four of the eight woredas, this paper provides analysis of agricultural extension delivery in Ethiopia. While overall extension services are relatively accessible in Ethiopia, there are differences in access between men and women, and particularly stark differences by region. Individual visits by public sector extension agents to household farms are by far the most common mode of extension delivery; alternative modes of extension (either in delivery method or type of service provider) play a rather limited role. Using the method widely applied in the "Citizen Report Card" approach, questions to farmers regarding satisfaction with services yielded near 100 percent reporting of satisfaction; however, the study also showed relatively low uptake of extension advice. This suggests the need to revisit or refine the Citizen Report Card method of eliciting satisfaction with services in this type of empirical context. Women's groups (e.g. the women's associations at the kebele level in rural areas) may be a promising approach to reach women with extension services; in some of the study sites, they were able to successfully link extension agents with women farmers and circumvent the socially sensitive issue of (male) extension agents providing advice to women one-on-one. However, the use of women's associations also for other matters, e.g. political mobilization of women, may weaken their promise in expanding access to extension services for women farmers. Finally, making agricultural extension demand driven remains a challenge in Ethiopia. While there is strong political will to expand agricultural extension in Ethiopia, the strong standardisation of extension packages arising from a pronounced top-down nature of public service delivery makes it difficult to tailor agricultural extension to farmers' needs. The incentives of extension agents are set in a way that they try to maximize farmers' adoption of standardized packages. The packages have become less rigid in recent years, with a menu of options now available to farmers. However, even the more diversified menu cannot substitute for the microlevel adaptation, the process that would make new inputs and practices more credible to farmers, and which only extension workers and their farmers can feasibly manage. 2009 2024-11-21T10:00:50Z 2024-11-21T10:00:50Z Working Paper https://hdl.handle.net/10568/162054 en Open Access application/pdf International Food Policy Research Institute Ethiopian Development Research Institute Mogues, Tewodaj; Cohen, Marc J.; Birner, Regina; Lemma, Mamusha; Randriamamonjy, Josee; Tadesse, Fanaye; Paulos, Zelekawork. 2009. Agricultural extension in Ethiopia through a gender and governance lens. ESSP II Discussion Paper 7. https://hdl.handle.net/10568/162054 |
| spellingShingle | agricultural extension governance gender household surveys globalization Mogues, Tewodaj Cohen, Marc J. Birner, Regina Lemma, Mamusha Randriamamonjy, Josee Tadesse, Fanaye Paulos, Zelekawork Agricultural extension in Ethiopia through a gender and governance lens |
| title | Agricultural extension in Ethiopia through a gender and governance lens |
| title_full | Agricultural extension in Ethiopia through a gender and governance lens |
| title_fullStr | Agricultural extension in Ethiopia through a gender and governance lens |
| title_full_unstemmed | Agricultural extension in Ethiopia through a gender and governance lens |
| title_short | Agricultural extension in Ethiopia through a gender and governance lens |
| title_sort | agricultural extension in ethiopia through a gender and governance lens |
| topic | agricultural extension governance gender household surveys globalization |
| url | https://hdl.handle.net/10568/162054 |
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