Income effects of alternative trade policy adjustments on Philippine rural households: a general equilibrium analysis

Three types of trade policy adjustments to deal with an unsustainable current account deficit are examined in this paper for their economywide income and equity effects, based on the results of simulation experiments using a CGE model of the Philippine economy. Gross domestic product (GDP) expectabl...

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Autores principales: Bautista, Romeo M., Thomas, Marcelle
Formato: Artículo preliminar
Lenguaje:Inglés
Publicado: International Food Policy Research Institute 1997
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/10568/161165
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author Bautista, Romeo M.
Thomas, Marcelle
author_browse Bautista, Romeo M.
Thomas, Marcelle
author_facet Bautista, Romeo M.
Thomas, Marcelle
author_sort Bautista, Romeo M.
collection Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace)
description Three types of trade policy adjustments to deal with an unsustainable current account deficit are examined in this paper for their economywide income and equity effects, based on the results of simulation experiments using a CGE model of the Philippine economy. Gross domestic product (GDP) expectably decreases with import rationing and less markedly, with the imposition of a general import surtax; by contrast, adjustment through the reduction of tariffs leads to a larger GDP. The latter result, however, is counterbalanced by a substantial loss in government income. With respect to the distribution of income gains (and losses), the additional market distortions and rent-seeking that accompany the implementation of import rationing heavily discriminate in favor of Metro Manila households, whose average income is the highest among the five household groups distinguished in the model. Moving to a general import surtax represents an improvement in that non-Metro Manila households are penalized less. However, these first two policy options are deemed inferior to tariff liberalization--which yields larger income benefits to small-farm and other rural households relative to the more affluent Metro Manila, other urban, and large-farm households.
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spelling CGSpace1611652025-11-06T07:07:31Z Income effects of alternative trade policy adjustments on Philippine rural households: a general equilibrium analysis Bautista, Romeo M. Thomas, Marcelle import quotas income distribution tariffs trade liberalization households Three types of trade policy adjustments to deal with an unsustainable current account deficit are examined in this paper for their economywide income and equity effects, based on the results of simulation experiments using a CGE model of the Philippine economy. Gross domestic product (GDP) expectably decreases with import rationing and less markedly, with the imposition of a general import surtax; by contrast, adjustment through the reduction of tariffs leads to a larger GDP. The latter result, however, is counterbalanced by a substantial loss in government income. With respect to the distribution of income gains (and losses), the additional market distortions and rent-seeking that accompany the implementation of import rationing heavily discriminate in favor of Metro Manila households, whose average income is the highest among the five household groups distinguished in the model. Moving to a general import surtax represents an improvement in that non-Metro Manila households are penalized less. However, these first two policy options are deemed inferior to tariff liberalization--which yields larger income benefits to small-farm and other rural households relative to the more affluent Metro Manila, other urban, and large-farm households. 1997 2024-11-21T09:53:54Z 2024-11-21T09:53:54Z Working Paper https://hdl.handle.net/10568/161165 en Open Access application/pdf International Food Policy Research Institute Bautista, Romeo M.; Thomas, Marcelle. 1997. Income effects of alternative trade policy adjustments on Philippine rural households;a general equilibrium analysis. TMD Discussion Paper 22. https://hdl.handle.net/10568/161165
spellingShingle import quotas
income distribution
tariffs
trade liberalization
households
Bautista, Romeo M.
Thomas, Marcelle
Income effects of alternative trade policy adjustments on Philippine rural households: a general equilibrium analysis
title Income effects of alternative trade policy adjustments on Philippine rural households: a general equilibrium analysis
title_full Income effects of alternative trade policy adjustments on Philippine rural households: a general equilibrium analysis
title_fullStr Income effects of alternative trade policy adjustments on Philippine rural households: a general equilibrium analysis
title_full_unstemmed Income effects of alternative trade policy adjustments on Philippine rural households: a general equilibrium analysis
title_short Income effects of alternative trade policy adjustments on Philippine rural households: a general equilibrium analysis
title_sort income effects of alternative trade policy adjustments on philippine rural households a general equilibrium analysis
topic import quotas
income distribution
tariffs
trade liberalization
households
url https://hdl.handle.net/10568/161165
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AT thomasmarcelle incomeeffectsofalternativetradepolicyadjustmentsonphilippineruralhouseholdsageneralequilibriumanalysis