An analysis of trade related international regulations of genetically modified food and their effects on developing countries
This paper reviews current trade–related regulations of genetically modified (GM) food and discusses their effects on developing countries. There is a large heterogeneity in current import approval and marketing policies of GM food worldwide. At the international level, the harmonization efforts are...
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| Formato: | Artículo preliminar |
| Lenguaje: | Inglés |
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International Food Policy Research Institute
2006
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| Acceso en línea: | https://hdl.handle.net/10568/160387 |
| _version_ | 1855516301118668800 |
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| author | Gruère, Guillaume P. |
| author_browse | Gruère, Guillaume P. |
| author_facet | Gruère, Guillaume P. |
| author_sort | Gruère, Guillaume P. |
| collection | Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace) |
| description | This paper reviews current trade–related regulations of genetically modified (GM) food and discusses their effects on developing countries. There is a large heterogeneity in current import approval and marketing policies of GM food worldwide. At the international level, the harmonization efforts are led by the Codex Alimentarius Commission, the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety and the World Trade Organization. While internationally harmonized guidelines for safety approval have been finalized, we show that there is no clear consensus on labeling regulations for GM food, and there is an increasing risk of conflicts among international agreements. We analyze the GM food regulations of two large rich importers, Japan and the European Union (EU) and discuss their differences and their potential impact on international trade. We also show that the effects of international and domestic trade related regulations critically depend on the type of traded products and their intended use: food and unprocessed products are subject to more stringent regulations than animal feed and processed products. Finally, we identify the main spillover effects of national and international regulations on developing countries’ policy making, and suggest four policy arrangements on GM food to enable developing countries to satisfy production, consumption, international trade, and risk management objectives simultaneously while complying with their international obligations. |
| format | Artículo preliminar |
| id | CGSpace160387 |
| institution | CGIAR Consortium |
| language | Inglés |
| publishDate | 2006 |
| publishDateRange | 2006 |
| publishDateSort | 2006 |
| publisher | International Food Policy Research Institute |
| publisherStr | International Food Policy Research Institute |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | CGSpace1603872025-11-06T05:20:16Z An analysis of trade related international regulations of genetically modified food and their effects on developing countries Gruère, Guillaume P. genetically modified foods developing countries biotechnology biosafety international trade tariffs international agreements This paper reviews current trade–related regulations of genetically modified (GM) food and discusses their effects on developing countries. There is a large heterogeneity in current import approval and marketing policies of GM food worldwide. At the international level, the harmonization efforts are led by the Codex Alimentarius Commission, the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety and the World Trade Organization. While internationally harmonized guidelines for safety approval have been finalized, we show that there is no clear consensus on labeling regulations for GM food, and there is an increasing risk of conflicts among international agreements. We analyze the GM food regulations of two large rich importers, Japan and the European Union (EU) and discuss their differences and their potential impact on international trade. We also show that the effects of international and domestic trade related regulations critically depend on the type of traded products and their intended use: food and unprocessed products are subject to more stringent regulations than animal feed and processed products. Finally, we identify the main spillover effects of national and international regulations on developing countries’ policy making, and suggest four policy arrangements on GM food to enable developing countries to satisfy production, consumption, international trade, and risk management objectives simultaneously while complying with their international obligations. 2006 2024-11-21T09:50:39Z 2024-11-21T09:50:39Z Working Paper https://hdl.handle.net/10568/160387 en Open Access application/pdf International Food Policy Research Institute Gruère, Guillaume P. An analysis of trade related international regulations of genetically modified food and their effects on developing countries. EPTD Discussion Paper 147. International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI). https://hdl.handle.net/10568/160387 |
| spellingShingle | genetically modified foods developing countries biotechnology biosafety international trade tariffs international agreements Gruère, Guillaume P. An analysis of trade related international regulations of genetically modified food and their effects on developing countries |
| title | An analysis of trade related international regulations of genetically modified food and their effects on developing countries |
| title_full | An analysis of trade related international regulations of genetically modified food and their effects on developing countries |
| title_fullStr | An analysis of trade related international regulations of genetically modified food and their effects on developing countries |
| title_full_unstemmed | An analysis of trade related international regulations of genetically modified food and their effects on developing countries |
| title_short | An analysis of trade related international regulations of genetically modified food and their effects on developing countries |
| title_sort | analysis of trade related international regulations of genetically modified food and their effects on developing countries |
| topic | genetically modified foods developing countries biotechnology biosafety international trade tariffs international agreements |
| url | https://hdl.handle.net/10568/160387 |
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