Regional variations in rural livelihoods: Challenges and opportunities

Rural livelihoods in Myanmar are embedded in regional contexts that vary widely in terms of physical geography, climate and agroecology, local resource base, agrarian structure, infrastructure provision, proximity to urban areas and neighboring countries, social networks, institutions, and ethnicit...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Belton, Ben, Filipski, Mateusz J., Lambrecht, Isabel B., Fang, Peixun
Formato: Capítulo de libro
Lenguaje:Inglés
Publicado: International Food Policy Research Institute 2024
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/10568/155200
_version_ 1855517591247781888
author Belton, Ben
Filipski, Mateusz J.
Lambrecht, Isabel B.
Fang, Peixun
author_browse Belton, Ben
Fang, Peixun
Filipski, Mateusz J.
Lambrecht, Isabel B.
author_facet Belton, Ben
Filipski, Mateusz J.
Lambrecht, Isabel B.
Fang, Peixun
author_sort Belton, Ben
collection Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace)
description Rural livelihoods in Myanmar are embedded in regional contexts that vary widely in terms of physical geography, climate and agroecology, local resource base, agrarian structure, infrastructure provision, proximity to urban areas and neighboring countries, social networks, institutions, and ethnicities. The composition of livelihoods in each administrative and geographic zone of the country reflects these diverse contexts. Marked variations in livelihood patterns are evident at multiple scales, from the zone or region down to township and village level, so that the composition of livelihoods in villages close to one another sometimes varies widely. Despite the high level of place-based specificity in the composition of livelihoods, many broad similarities and common trends shape livelihoods at subnational and national levels. These include generally low levels of agricultural productivity relative to other countries in the region in terms of both land and labor; high rates of landlessness, legacies of land confiscation, and unresolved struggles over land rights and access; and generally poor public infrastructure and services—including electricity, roads, schools, health services, and rural credit—though these were improving rapidly in many places before 2020; relatively low levels of diversification and capital in the rural nonfarm economy; high rates of international and domestic outmigration; and histories of ethnopolitical conflict and insecurity.
format Book Chapter
id CGSpace155200
institution CGIAR Consortium
language Inglés
publishDate 2024
publishDateRange 2024
publishDateSort 2024
publisher International Food Policy Research Institute
publisherStr International Food Policy Research Institute
record_format dspace
spelling CGSpace1552002025-11-06T03:54:57Z Regional variations in rural livelihoods: Challenges and opportunities Belton, Ben Filipski, Mateusz J. Lambrecht, Isabel B. Fang, Peixun rural livelihoods agricultural productivity land rights infrastructure household surveys agroecology Rural livelihoods in Myanmar are embedded in regional contexts that vary widely in terms of physical geography, climate and agroecology, local resource base, agrarian structure, infrastructure provision, proximity to urban areas and neighboring countries, social networks, institutions, and ethnicities. The composition of livelihoods in each administrative and geographic zone of the country reflects these diverse contexts. Marked variations in livelihood patterns are evident at multiple scales, from the zone or region down to township and village level, so that the composition of livelihoods in villages close to one another sometimes varies widely. Despite the high level of place-based specificity in the composition of livelihoods, many broad similarities and common trends shape livelihoods at subnational and national levels. These include generally low levels of agricultural productivity relative to other countries in the region in terms of both land and labor; high rates of landlessness, legacies of land confiscation, and unresolved struggles over land rights and access; and generally poor public infrastructure and services—including electricity, roads, schools, health services, and rural credit—though these were improving rapidly in many places before 2020; relatively low levels of diversification and capital in the rural nonfarm economy; high rates of international and domestic outmigration; and histories of ethnopolitical conflict and insecurity. 2024-10-10 2024-10-04T20:57:31Z 2024-10-04T20:57:31Z Book Chapter https://hdl.handle.net/10568/155200 en https://hdl.handle.net/10568/152392 Open Access application/pdf International Food Policy Research Institute Belton, Ben; Filipski, Mateusz; Lambrecht, Isabel; and Fang, Peixun. 2024. Regional variations in rural livelihoods: Challenges and opportunities. In Myanmar’s agrifood system: Historical development, recent shocks, future opportunities. Boughton, Duncan; Belton, Ben; Lambrecht, Isabel B.; Masias, Ian; and Minten, Bart (Eds.). Chapter 18, Pp. 491-512. https://hdl.handle.net/10568/155200
spellingShingle rural livelihoods
agricultural productivity
land rights
infrastructure
household surveys
agroecology
Belton, Ben
Filipski, Mateusz J.
Lambrecht, Isabel B.
Fang, Peixun
Regional variations in rural livelihoods: Challenges and opportunities
title Regional variations in rural livelihoods: Challenges and opportunities
title_full Regional variations in rural livelihoods: Challenges and opportunities
title_fullStr Regional variations in rural livelihoods: Challenges and opportunities
title_full_unstemmed Regional variations in rural livelihoods: Challenges and opportunities
title_short Regional variations in rural livelihoods: Challenges and opportunities
title_sort regional variations in rural livelihoods challenges and opportunities
topic rural livelihoods
agricultural productivity
land rights
infrastructure
household surveys
agroecology
url https://hdl.handle.net/10568/155200
work_keys_str_mv AT beltonben regionalvariationsinrurallivelihoodschallengesandopportunities
AT filipskimateuszj regionalvariationsinrurallivelihoodschallengesandopportunities
AT lambrechtisabelb regionalvariationsinrurallivelihoodschallengesandopportunities
AT fangpeixun regionalvariationsinrurallivelihoodschallengesandopportunities