Protecting vulnerable communities: a case study of index-based flood insurance in India, powered by flood modeling and remotely sensed rainfall

The poor across the world is vulnerable to floods and drought disasters, which have a detrimental effect on the lives and livelihoods of the poor. Weather-based index insurance is one of the ways of dealing with these disasters. Protecting against floods and providing risk cover against losses due t...

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Autores principales: Amarnath, Giriraj, Ghosh, Surajit, Alahacoon, Niranga, Sikka, Alok, Brahmanand, P. S.
Formato: Capítulo de libro
Lenguaje:Inglés
Publicado: 2025
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/10568/152519
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author Amarnath, Giriraj
Ghosh, Surajit
Alahacoon, Niranga
Sikka, Alok
Brahmanand, P. S.
author_browse Alahacoon, Niranga
Amarnath, Giriraj
Brahmanand, P. S.
Ghosh, Surajit
Sikka, Alok
author_facet Amarnath, Giriraj
Ghosh, Surajit
Alahacoon, Niranga
Sikka, Alok
Brahmanand, P. S.
author_sort Amarnath, Giriraj
collection Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace)
description The poor across the world is vulnerable to floods and drought disasters, which have a detrimental effect on the lives and livelihoods of the poor. Weather-based index insurance is one of the ways of dealing with these disasters. Protecting against floods and providing risk cover against losses due to floods has been a major area of concern for any government. Risk transfer through insurance is an important component in managing agricultural risks from extreme flood events. The study developed the first of its kind of design and implementation of an index-based flood insurance (IBFI) product with the advanced use of satellite data and flood models to estimate crop losses due to floods. IBFI insurance product uses two different data elements, and the first one is based on the flood model using HEC-HMS and HEC-RAS that uses inputs from NASA GPM bias-corrected satellite rainfall estimates, observed water level and discharge data, river characteristics, and digital elevation model to generate flood depth and flood duration to develop predetermined thresholds based on the historical flood events between 1991 and 2015 and the second IBFI product uses only satellite data from NASA MODIS Terra and Aqua satellite data and the Copernicus Sentinel-1 SAR data to generate flood depth and flood duration to develop predetermined thresholds based on the historical flood events and economic losses. More than 7000 farming households in Bihar (India) and northern Bangladesh have signed up for a pilot IBFI scheme, which went live in 2017. The participating farmers have received insurance compensation for crop losses of over $US160,000. In addition to the insurance product implementation, the research evaluated the farming willingness to pay, developing business models for scaling, social equity, and economic benefits of derisk disasters. IBFI initiative promotes a closer linkage between risk transfer and risk reduction that could make this a more sustainable and robust financial instrument for flood-affected communities and reduce the burden of postdisaster relief funds for the government. In summary, index insurance using open-access satellite imagery is a win-win opportunity as it brings down the data development cost, lower insurance premiums, quick settlement, and greater transparency among various users.
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spelling CGSpace1525192025-01-24T14:20:08Z Protecting vulnerable communities: a case study of index-based flood insurance in India, powered by flood modeling and remotely sensed rainfall Amarnath, Giriraj Ghosh, Surajit Alahacoon, Niranga Sikka, Alok Brahmanand, P. S. weather index insurance flood forecasting modelling remote sensing rainfall crop insurance risk transfer vulnerability communities case studies The poor across the world is vulnerable to floods and drought disasters, which have a detrimental effect on the lives and livelihoods of the poor. Weather-based index insurance is one of the ways of dealing with these disasters. Protecting against floods and providing risk cover against losses due to floods has been a major area of concern for any government. Risk transfer through insurance is an important component in managing agricultural risks from extreme flood events. The study developed the first of its kind of design and implementation of an index-based flood insurance (IBFI) product with the advanced use of satellite data and flood models to estimate crop losses due to floods. IBFI insurance product uses two different data elements, and the first one is based on the flood model using HEC-HMS and HEC-RAS that uses inputs from NASA GPM bias-corrected satellite rainfall estimates, observed water level and discharge data, river characteristics, and digital elevation model to generate flood depth and flood duration to develop predetermined thresholds based on the historical flood events between 1991 and 2015 and the second IBFI product uses only satellite data from NASA MODIS Terra and Aqua satellite data and the Copernicus Sentinel-1 SAR data to generate flood depth and flood duration to develop predetermined thresholds based on the historical flood events and economic losses. More than 7000 farming households in Bihar (India) and northern Bangladesh have signed up for a pilot IBFI scheme, which went live in 2017. The participating farmers have received insurance compensation for crop losses of over $US160,000. In addition to the insurance product implementation, the research evaluated the farming willingness to pay, developing business models for scaling, social equity, and economic benefits of derisk disasters. IBFI initiative promotes a closer linkage between risk transfer and risk reduction that could make this a more sustainable and robust financial instrument for flood-affected communities and reduce the burden of postdisaster relief funds for the government. In summary, index insurance using open-access satellite imagery is a win-win opportunity as it brings down the data development cost, lower insurance premiums, quick settlement, and greater transparency among various users. 2025-01 2024-09-30T23:27:10Z 2024-09-30T23:27:10Z Book Chapter https://hdl.handle.net/10568/152519 en Limited Access Amarnath, Giriraj; Ghosh, Surajit; Alahacoon, Niranga; Sikka, Alok; Brahmanand, P. S. 2025. Protecting vulnerable communities: a case study of index-based flood insurance in India, powered by flood modeling and remotely sensed rainfall. In Adams III, T. E.; Gangodagamage, C.; Pagano, T. C. (Eds.). Flood forecasting: a global perspective. 2nd ed. London, UK: Academic Press. pp.425-440. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-443-14009-9.00006-7]
spellingShingle weather index insurance
flood forecasting
modelling
remote sensing
rainfall
crop insurance
risk transfer
vulnerability
communities
case studies
Amarnath, Giriraj
Ghosh, Surajit
Alahacoon, Niranga
Sikka, Alok
Brahmanand, P. S.
Protecting vulnerable communities: a case study of index-based flood insurance in India, powered by flood modeling and remotely sensed rainfall
title Protecting vulnerable communities: a case study of index-based flood insurance in India, powered by flood modeling and remotely sensed rainfall
title_full Protecting vulnerable communities: a case study of index-based flood insurance in India, powered by flood modeling and remotely sensed rainfall
title_fullStr Protecting vulnerable communities: a case study of index-based flood insurance in India, powered by flood modeling and remotely sensed rainfall
title_full_unstemmed Protecting vulnerable communities: a case study of index-based flood insurance in India, powered by flood modeling and remotely sensed rainfall
title_short Protecting vulnerable communities: a case study of index-based flood insurance in India, powered by flood modeling and remotely sensed rainfall
title_sort protecting vulnerable communities a case study of index based flood insurance in india powered by flood modeling and remotely sensed rainfall
topic weather index insurance
flood forecasting
modelling
remote sensing
rainfall
crop insurance
risk transfer
vulnerability
communities
case studies
url https://hdl.handle.net/10568/152519
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