Genome characterization of Rift Valley fever virus isolated from cattle, goats and sheep during interepidemic periods in Kenya

Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) is a mosquito-borne RNA virus of the <i>Phlebovirus</i> genus in the <i>phenuviridae</i> family. Its genome is trisegmented with small (S), medium (M) and large (L) fragments. In nature, the virus exists as a single serotype that is responsible for outbreaks of Rift Va...

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Autores principales: Onwong'a, A.A., Oyola, Samuel O., Juma, John, Konongoi, S., Nyamota, Richard, Mwangi, Reuben, Muli, Collins, Dobi, Paul, Bett, Bernard K., Ongus, J.R.
Formato: Journal Article
Lenguaje:Inglés
Publicado: Springer 2024
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/10568/151844
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author Onwong'a, A.A.
Oyola, Samuel O.
Juma, John
Konongoi, S.
Nyamota, Richard
Mwangi, Reuben
Muli, Collins
Dobi, Paul
Bett, Bernard K.
Ongus, J.R.
author_browse Bett, Bernard K.
Dobi, Paul
Juma, John
Konongoi, S.
Muli, Collins
Mwangi, Reuben
Nyamota, Richard
Ongus, J.R.
Onwong'a, A.A.
Oyola, Samuel O.
author_facet Onwong'a, A.A.
Oyola, Samuel O.
Juma, John
Konongoi, S.
Nyamota, Richard
Mwangi, Reuben
Muli, Collins
Dobi, Paul
Bett, Bernard K.
Ongus, J.R.
author_sort Onwong'a, A.A.
collection Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace)
description Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) is a mosquito-borne RNA virus of the <i>Phlebovirus</i> genus in the <i>phenuviridae</i> family. Its genome is trisegmented with small (S), medium (M) and large (L) fragments. In nature, the virus exists as a single serotype that is responsible for outbreaks of Rift Valley fever (RVF), a zoonotic disease that often occurs in Africa and the Middle East. RVFV genomes are thought to undergo both recombination and reassortment and investigations of these events is important for monitoring the emergence of virulent strains and understanding the evolutionary characteristics of this virus. The aim of this study was to characterize the genomes of RVFV isolates from cattle, sheep, and goats collected during an interepidemic period in Kenya between June 2016 and November 2021. A total of 691 serum samples from cattle (n = 144), goats (n = 185) and sheep (n = 362) were analysed at the Central Veterinary Laboratories. The competitive IgM-capture ELISA, was used to screen the samples; 205 samples (29.67%) tested positive for RVFV. Of the 205 positive samples, 42 (20.5%) were from cattle, 57 (27.8%) from goats, and 106 (51.7%) from sheep. All the IgM-positive samples were further analyzed by qPCR, and 24 (11.71%) tested positive with Ct values ranging from 14.788 to 38.286. Two samples, 201808HABDVS from sheep and 201810CML3DVS from cattle, had Ct values of less than 20.0 and yielded whole genome sequences with 96.8 and 96.4 coverage, respectively. There was no statistically significant evidence of recombination in any of the three segments and also phylogenetic analysis showed no evidence of reassortment in the two isolated RVFV segments when compared with other isolates of different lineages from previous outbreaks whose genomes are deposited in the GenBank. No evidence of reassortment leaves room for other factors to be the most probable contributors of change in virulence, pathogenicity and emergence of highly virulent strains of the RVFV.
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spelling CGSpace1518442025-10-26T12:52:17Z Genome characterization of Rift Valley fever virus isolated from cattle, goats and sheep during interepidemic periods in Kenya Onwong'a, A.A. Oyola, Samuel O. Juma, John Konongoi, S. Nyamota, Richard Mwangi, Reuben Muli, Collins Dobi, Paul Bett, Bernard K. Ongus, J.R. rift valley fever genomics cattle zoonoses sheep goats small ruminants Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) is a mosquito-borne RNA virus of the <i>Phlebovirus</i> genus in the <i>phenuviridae</i> family. Its genome is trisegmented with small (S), medium (M) and large (L) fragments. In nature, the virus exists as a single serotype that is responsible for outbreaks of Rift Valley fever (RVF), a zoonotic disease that often occurs in Africa and the Middle East. RVFV genomes are thought to undergo both recombination and reassortment and investigations of these events is important for monitoring the emergence of virulent strains and understanding the evolutionary characteristics of this virus. The aim of this study was to characterize the genomes of RVFV isolates from cattle, sheep, and goats collected during an interepidemic period in Kenya between June 2016 and November 2021. A total of 691 serum samples from cattle (n = 144), goats (n = 185) and sheep (n = 362) were analysed at the Central Veterinary Laboratories. The competitive IgM-capture ELISA, was used to screen the samples; 205 samples (29.67%) tested positive for RVFV. Of the 205 positive samples, 42 (20.5%) were from cattle, 57 (27.8%) from goats, and 106 (51.7%) from sheep. All the IgM-positive samples were further analyzed by qPCR, and 24 (11.71%) tested positive with Ct values ranging from 14.788 to 38.286. Two samples, 201808HABDVS from sheep and 201810CML3DVS from cattle, had Ct values of less than 20.0 and yielded whole genome sequences with 96.8 and 96.4 coverage, respectively. There was no statistically significant evidence of recombination in any of the three segments and also phylogenetic analysis showed no evidence of reassortment in the two isolated RVFV segments when compared with other isolates of different lineages from previous outbreaks whose genomes are deposited in the GenBank. No evidence of reassortment leaves room for other factors to be the most probable contributors of change in virulence, pathogenicity and emergence of highly virulent strains of the RVFV. 2024-08-23 2024-08-26T04:55:19Z 2024-08-26T04:55:19Z Journal Article https://hdl.handle.net/10568/151844 en Open Access Springer Onwong'a, A.A., Oyola, S.O., Juma, J., Konongoi, S., Nyamota, R., Mwangi, R., Muli, C., Dobi, P., Bett, B. and Ongus, J.R. 2024. Genome characterization of Rift Valley fever virus isolated from cattle, goats and sheep during interepidemic periods in Kenya. BMC Veterinary Research 20: 376.
spellingShingle rift valley fever
genomics
cattle
zoonoses
sheep
goats
small ruminants
Onwong'a, A.A.
Oyola, Samuel O.
Juma, John
Konongoi, S.
Nyamota, Richard
Mwangi, Reuben
Muli, Collins
Dobi, Paul
Bett, Bernard K.
Ongus, J.R.
Genome characterization of Rift Valley fever virus isolated from cattle, goats and sheep during interepidemic periods in Kenya
title Genome characterization of Rift Valley fever virus isolated from cattle, goats and sheep during interepidemic periods in Kenya
title_full Genome characterization of Rift Valley fever virus isolated from cattle, goats and sheep during interepidemic periods in Kenya
title_fullStr Genome characterization of Rift Valley fever virus isolated from cattle, goats and sheep during interepidemic periods in Kenya
title_full_unstemmed Genome characterization of Rift Valley fever virus isolated from cattle, goats and sheep during interepidemic periods in Kenya
title_short Genome characterization of Rift Valley fever virus isolated from cattle, goats and sheep during interepidemic periods in Kenya
title_sort genome characterization of rift valley fever virus isolated from cattle goats and sheep during interepidemic periods in kenya
topic rift valley fever
genomics
cattle
zoonoses
sheep
goats
small ruminants
url https://hdl.handle.net/10568/151844
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