Multivariate analysis of phenotypic diversity elite bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes from ICARDA in Ethiopia

Wheat is an important crop for food security, providing a source of protein and energy for the growing population in Ethiopia. However, both biotic and abiotic factors limit national wheat productivity. The availability of genetically diverse wheat genotypes is crucial for developing new wheat varie...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Mulugeta, Tesfaye, Abate, Alemu, Tadesse, Wuletaw, Bezabih, Aemiro, Tefera, Neway, Shiferaw, Wondwosen, Tiruneh, Altaye
Formato: Journal Article
Lenguaje:Inglés
Publicado: Elsevier 2024
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/10568/151678
_version_ 1855543750392020992
author Mulugeta, Tesfaye
Abate, Alemu
Tadesse, Wuletaw
Bezabih, Aemiro
Tefera, Neway
Shiferaw, Wondwosen
Tiruneh, Altaye
author_browse Abate, Alemu
Bezabih, Aemiro
Mulugeta, Tesfaye
Shiferaw, Wondwosen
Tadesse, Wuletaw
Tefera, Neway
Tiruneh, Altaye
author_facet Mulugeta, Tesfaye
Abate, Alemu
Tadesse, Wuletaw
Bezabih, Aemiro
Tefera, Neway
Shiferaw, Wondwosen
Tiruneh, Altaye
author_sort Mulugeta, Tesfaye
collection Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace)
description Wheat is an important crop for food security, providing a source of protein and energy for the growing population in Ethiopia. However, both biotic and abiotic factors limit national wheat productivity. The availability of genetically diverse wheat genotypes is crucial for developing new wheat varieties that are both high-yielding and resilient to stress. Therefore, this field trial aimed to assess phenotypic variation and relationship among ICARDA-derived bread wheat genotypes using multivariate analysis techniques. The trial was conducted at three locations: Enewari, Wogere, and Kulumsa using an alpha lattice design with two replications during the main cropping seasons of 2022 and 2023. Phenotypic data on eight agronomic traits and the severity of yellow rust were collected and R programming was used for data analysis. Individual and combined location data analysis of variance showed significant differences (p ≤ 0.05) among genotypes for most of the studied traits. The highest heritability and genetic advance as a percentage of the mean were observed in days to heading (90.8, 21.29), plant height (72.4, 28.6), seeds per spike (61.7, 28), thousand kernel weight (61.9, 12), and area under the disease progress curve (67, 39.8), suggesting a predominance of additive gene action. Grain yield showed a strong positive correlation with days to maturity, plant height, spike length, spikelet per spike, and thousand kernel weight for each location. Dendrogram and phylogenetic tree methods were used to group genotypes into four genetically distinct clusters. Cluster II and III had the greatest inter- cluster distance, indicating higher diversity among their genotypes. This study identified new candidate genotypes with superior agronomic performance, high grain yield traits, and robust resistance to yellow rust, making them valuable for both current and future wheat breeding programs. Additionally, the comprehensive dataset produced in this study could facilitate the identification of genetic variations influencing desirable traits through genome-wide association analysis.
format Journal Article
id CGSpace151678
institution CGIAR Consortium
language Inglés
publishDate 2024
publishDateRange 2024
publishDateSort 2024
publisher Elsevier
publisherStr Elsevier
record_format dspace
spelling CGSpace1516782026-01-15T02:21:35Z Multivariate analysis of phenotypic diversity elite bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes from ICARDA in Ethiopia Mulugeta, Tesfaye Abate, Alemu Tadesse, Wuletaw Bezabih, Aemiro Tefera, Neway Shiferaw, Wondwosen Tiruneh, Altaye bread wheat yellow rust heritability genetic divergence soft wheat Wheat is an important crop for food security, providing a source of protein and energy for the growing population in Ethiopia. However, both biotic and abiotic factors limit national wheat productivity. The availability of genetically diverse wheat genotypes is crucial for developing new wheat varieties that are both high-yielding and resilient to stress. Therefore, this field trial aimed to assess phenotypic variation and relationship among ICARDA-derived bread wheat genotypes using multivariate analysis techniques. The trial was conducted at three locations: Enewari, Wogere, and Kulumsa using an alpha lattice design with two replications during the main cropping seasons of 2022 and 2023. Phenotypic data on eight agronomic traits and the severity of yellow rust were collected and R programming was used for data analysis. Individual and combined location data analysis of variance showed significant differences (p ≤ 0.05) among genotypes for most of the studied traits. The highest heritability and genetic advance as a percentage of the mean were observed in days to heading (90.8, 21.29), plant height (72.4, 28.6), seeds per spike (61.7, 28), thousand kernel weight (61.9, 12), and area under the disease progress curve (67, 39.8), suggesting a predominance of additive gene action. Grain yield showed a strong positive correlation with days to maturity, plant height, spike length, spikelet per spike, and thousand kernel weight for each location. Dendrogram and phylogenetic tree methods were used to group genotypes into four genetically distinct clusters. Cluster II and III had the greatest inter- cluster distance, indicating higher diversity among their genotypes. This study identified new candidate genotypes with superior agronomic performance, high grain yield traits, and robust resistance to yellow rust, making them valuable for both current and future wheat breeding programs. Additionally, the comprehensive dataset produced in this study could facilitate the identification of genetic variations influencing desirable traits through genome-wide association analysis. 2024-08-13T19:50:10Z 2024-08-13T19:50:10Z Journal Article https://hdl.handle.net/10568/151678 en Open Access application/pdf Elsevier Tesfaye Mulugeta, Alemu Abate, Wuletaw Tadesse, Aemiro Bezabih, Neway Tefera, Wondwosen Shiferaw, Altaye Tiruneh. (9/8/2024). Multivariate analysis of phenotypic diversity elite bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L. ) genotypes from ICARDA in Ethiopia. Heliyon, 10 (16).
spellingShingle bread wheat
yellow rust
heritability
genetic divergence
soft wheat
Mulugeta, Tesfaye
Abate, Alemu
Tadesse, Wuletaw
Bezabih, Aemiro
Tefera, Neway
Shiferaw, Wondwosen
Tiruneh, Altaye
Multivariate analysis of phenotypic diversity elite bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes from ICARDA in Ethiopia
title Multivariate analysis of phenotypic diversity elite bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes from ICARDA in Ethiopia
title_full Multivariate analysis of phenotypic diversity elite bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes from ICARDA in Ethiopia
title_fullStr Multivariate analysis of phenotypic diversity elite bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes from ICARDA in Ethiopia
title_full_unstemmed Multivariate analysis of phenotypic diversity elite bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes from ICARDA in Ethiopia
title_short Multivariate analysis of phenotypic diversity elite bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes from ICARDA in Ethiopia
title_sort multivariate analysis of phenotypic diversity elite bread wheat triticum aestivum l genotypes from icarda in ethiopia
topic bread wheat
yellow rust
heritability
genetic divergence
soft wheat
url https://hdl.handle.net/10568/151678
work_keys_str_mv AT mulugetatesfaye multivariateanalysisofphenotypicdiversityelitebreadwheattriticumaestivumlgenotypesfromicardainethiopia
AT abatealemu multivariateanalysisofphenotypicdiversityelitebreadwheattriticumaestivumlgenotypesfromicardainethiopia
AT tadessewuletaw multivariateanalysisofphenotypicdiversityelitebreadwheattriticumaestivumlgenotypesfromicardainethiopia
AT bezabihaemiro multivariateanalysisofphenotypicdiversityelitebreadwheattriticumaestivumlgenotypesfromicardainethiopia
AT teferaneway multivariateanalysisofphenotypicdiversityelitebreadwheattriticumaestivumlgenotypesfromicardainethiopia
AT shiferawwondwosen multivariateanalysisofphenotypicdiversityelitebreadwheattriticumaestivumlgenotypesfromicardainethiopia
AT tirunehaltaye multivariateanalysisofphenotypicdiversityelitebreadwheattriticumaestivumlgenotypesfromicardainethiopia