Micronutrient intakes among women of reproductive age in Vietnam

### Background Micronutrient deficiencies are a public health concern worldwide negatively affecting maternal and child health outcomes. The primary underlying causes of micronutrient deficiencies are insufficient intake and poor bioavailability of micronutrients. However, reliable data on micronut...

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Main Authors: Nguyen, Phuong Hong, Nguyen, Hieu, Gonzalez-Casanova, Ines, Copeland, Erika, Strizich, Garrett, Lowe, Alyssa E., Pham, Hoa, Truong, Truong, Nguyen, Son, Martorell, Reynaldo, Ramakrishnan, Usha
Format: Journal Article
Language:Inglés
Published: Public Library of Science 2014
Subjects:
Online Access:https://hdl.handle.net/10568/149859
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author Nguyen, Phuong Hong
Nguyen, Hieu
Gonzalez-Casanova, Ines
Copeland, Erika
Strizich, Garrett
Lowe, Alyssa E.
Pham, Hoa
Truong, Truong
Nguyen, Son
Martorell, Reynaldo
Ramakrishnan, Usha
author_browse Copeland, Erika
Gonzalez-Casanova, Ines
Lowe, Alyssa E.
Martorell, Reynaldo
Nguyen, Hieu
Nguyen, Phuong Hong
Nguyen, Son
Pham, Hoa
Ramakrishnan, Usha
Strizich, Garrett
Truong, Truong
author_facet Nguyen, Phuong Hong
Nguyen, Hieu
Gonzalez-Casanova, Ines
Copeland, Erika
Strizich, Garrett
Lowe, Alyssa E.
Pham, Hoa
Truong, Truong
Nguyen, Son
Martorell, Reynaldo
Ramakrishnan, Usha
author_sort Nguyen, Phuong Hong
collection Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace)
description ### Background Micronutrient deficiencies are a public health concern worldwide negatively affecting maternal and child health outcomes. The primary underlying causes of micronutrient deficiencies are insufficient intake and poor bioavailability of micronutrients. However, reliable data on micronutrient intakes are sparse. The objectives of this study were to identify the key local food sources providing the majority of micronutrients and assess the adequacy and determinants of micronutrient intakes. ### Methods The study used data from a survey of 4,983 rural women of reproductive age (WRA) participating in a preconception micronutrient supplementation trial in Vietnam. Micronutrient intakes were assessed using a validated 107-item semi-quantitative food-frequency questionnaire. Multivariate linear and logistic regression analyses were used to examine the association between socioeconomic status and micronutrient intakes. ### Results Starchy staples were the main source of iron and zinc (37% and 54%, respectively) with only a small proportion from meat (10% and 18%, respectively). The primary source of folate and vitamin A were vegetables; vitamin B12 came from meat and eggs. The proportion of the population with intakes below the estimated average requirement was 25% for iron, 16% for zinc, 54% for folate, 64% for vitamin B12 and 27% for vitamin A. Socioeconomic status was the main determinant of micronutrient intakes. WRA in the highest quintile consumed 26% more iron, 19% more zinc, 36% more folate, 82% more vitamin B12 and 47% more vitamin A compared to those in the lowest quintile. Women in the upper quintiles of SES were more likely to obtain nutrients from more nutritious and higher bioavailable foods than those in the lowest quintile. ### Conclusions Underprivileged women were at increased risk for insufficient micronutrient intakes due to poor diet quality. Targeted efforts to promote the consumption of local nutrient rich foods along with educational programs and social development are needed.
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spelling CGSpace1498592025-04-03T21:29:13Z Micronutrient intakes among women of reproductive age in Vietnam Nguyen, Phuong Hong Nguyen, Hieu Gonzalez-Casanova, Ines Copeland, Erika Strizich, Garrett Lowe, Alyssa E. Pham, Hoa Truong, Truong Nguyen, Son Martorell, Reynaldo Ramakrishnan, Usha therapeutic diets educational systems gender trace elements women ### Background Micronutrient deficiencies are a public health concern worldwide negatively affecting maternal and child health outcomes. The primary underlying causes of micronutrient deficiencies are insufficient intake and poor bioavailability of micronutrients. However, reliable data on micronutrient intakes are sparse. The objectives of this study were to identify the key local food sources providing the majority of micronutrients and assess the adequacy and determinants of micronutrient intakes. ### Methods The study used data from a survey of 4,983 rural women of reproductive age (WRA) participating in a preconception micronutrient supplementation trial in Vietnam. Micronutrient intakes were assessed using a validated 107-item semi-quantitative food-frequency questionnaire. Multivariate linear and logistic regression analyses were used to examine the association between socioeconomic status and micronutrient intakes. ### Results Starchy staples were the main source of iron and zinc (37% and 54%, respectively) with only a small proportion from meat (10% and 18%, respectively). The primary source of folate and vitamin A were vegetables; vitamin B12 came from meat and eggs. The proportion of the population with intakes below the estimated average requirement was 25% for iron, 16% for zinc, 54% for folate, 64% for vitamin B12 and 27% for vitamin A. Socioeconomic status was the main determinant of micronutrient intakes. WRA in the highest quintile consumed 26% more iron, 19% more zinc, 36% more folate, 82% more vitamin B12 and 47% more vitamin A compared to those in the lowest quintile. Women in the upper quintiles of SES were more likely to obtain nutrients from more nutritious and higher bioavailable foods than those in the lowest quintile. ### Conclusions Underprivileged women were at increased risk for insufficient micronutrient intakes due to poor diet quality. Targeted efforts to promote the consumption of local nutrient rich foods along with educational programs and social development are needed. 2014 2024-08-01T02:50:06Z 2024-08-01T02:50:06Z Journal Article https://hdl.handle.net/10568/149859 en Open Access Public Library of Science Nguyen, Phuong Hong; Nguyen, Hieu; Gonzalez-Casanova, Ines; Copeland, Erika; Strizich, Garrett; Lowe, Alyssa; Pham, Hoa; Truong, Truong V.; Nguyen, Son; Martorell, Reynaldo; and Ramakrishnan, Usha. 2014. Micronutrient intakes among women of reproductive age in Vietnam. PLoS ONE 9(2): e89504. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0089504
spellingShingle therapeutic diets
educational systems
gender
trace elements
women
Nguyen, Phuong Hong
Nguyen, Hieu
Gonzalez-Casanova, Ines
Copeland, Erika
Strizich, Garrett
Lowe, Alyssa E.
Pham, Hoa
Truong, Truong
Nguyen, Son
Martorell, Reynaldo
Ramakrishnan, Usha
Micronutrient intakes among women of reproductive age in Vietnam
title Micronutrient intakes among women of reproductive age in Vietnam
title_full Micronutrient intakes among women of reproductive age in Vietnam
title_fullStr Micronutrient intakes among women of reproductive age in Vietnam
title_full_unstemmed Micronutrient intakes among women of reproductive age in Vietnam
title_short Micronutrient intakes among women of reproductive age in Vietnam
title_sort micronutrient intakes among women of reproductive age in vietnam
topic therapeutic diets
educational systems
gender
trace elements
women
url https://hdl.handle.net/10568/149859
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