Analysis of food system drivers of deforestation highlights foreign direct investments and urbanization as threats to tropical forests

Approximately 90% of global forest cover changes between 2000 and 2018 were attributable to agricultural expansion, making food production the leading direct driver of deforestation. While previous studies have focused on the interaction between human and environmental systems, limited research has...

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Main Authors: Sylvester, Janelle M., Gutierrez Zapata, Diana Maria, Perez Marulanda, Lisset, Vanegas Cubillos, Martha, Bruun, Thilde Bech, Mertz, Ole, Castro-Nunez, Augusto
Format: Journal Article
Language:Inglés
Published: Nature Portfolio 2024
Subjects:
Online Access:https://hdl.handle.net/10568/149225
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author Sylvester, Janelle M.
Gutierrez Zapata, Diana Maria
Perez Marulanda, Lisset
Vanegas Cubillos, Martha
Bruun, Thilde Bech
Mertz, Ole
Castro-Nunez, Augusto
author_browse Bruun, Thilde Bech
Castro-Nunez, Augusto
Gutierrez Zapata, Diana Maria
Mertz, Ole
Perez Marulanda, Lisset
Sylvester, Janelle M.
Vanegas Cubillos, Martha
author_facet Sylvester, Janelle M.
Gutierrez Zapata, Diana Maria
Perez Marulanda, Lisset
Vanegas Cubillos, Martha
Bruun, Thilde Bech
Mertz, Ole
Castro-Nunez, Augusto
author_sort Sylvester, Janelle M.
collection Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace)
description Approximately 90% of global forest cover changes between 2000 and 2018 were attributable to agricultural expansion, making food production the leading direct driver of deforestation. While previous studies have focused on the interaction between human and environmental systems, limited research has explored deforestation from a food system perspective. This study analyzes the drivers of deforestation in 40 tropical and subtropical countries (2004–2021) through the lenses of consumption/demand, production/supply and trade/distribution using Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) models. Our models explained a substantial portion of deforestation variability globally (R2 = 0.74) and in Asia (R2 = 0.81) and Latin America (R2 = 0.73). The results indicate that trade- and demand-side dynamics, specifically foreign direct investments and urban population growth, play key roles in influencing deforestation trends at these scales, suggesting that food system-based interventions could be effective in mitigating deforestation. Conversely, the model for Africa showed weaker explanatory power (R2 = 0.30), suggesting that factors beyond the food system may play a larger role in this region. Our findings highlight the importance of targeting trade- and demand-side dynamics to reduce deforestation and how interventions within the food system could synergistically contribute to achieving sustainable development goals, such as climate action, life on land and zero hunger.
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spelling CGSpace1492252025-11-11T18:53:17Z Analysis of food system drivers of deforestation highlights foreign direct investments and urbanization as threats to tropical forests Sylvester, Janelle M. Gutierrez Zapata, Diana Maria Perez Marulanda, Lisset Vanegas Cubillos, Martha Bruun, Thilde Bech Mertz, Ole Castro-Nunez, Augusto food systems deforestation urbanization sustainable development goals tropical forests agricultural extension Approximately 90% of global forest cover changes between 2000 and 2018 were attributable to agricultural expansion, making food production the leading direct driver of deforestation. While previous studies have focused on the interaction between human and environmental systems, limited research has explored deforestation from a food system perspective. This study analyzes the drivers of deforestation in 40 tropical and subtropical countries (2004–2021) through the lenses of consumption/demand, production/supply and trade/distribution using Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) models. Our models explained a substantial portion of deforestation variability globally (R2 = 0.74) and in Asia (R2 = 0.81) and Latin America (R2 = 0.73). The results indicate that trade- and demand-side dynamics, specifically foreign direct investments and urban population growth, play key roles in influencing deforestation trends at these scales, suggesting that food system-based interventions could be effective in mitigating deforestation. Conversely, the model for Africa showed weaker explanatory power (R2 = 0.30), suggesting that factors beyond the food system may play a larger role in this region. Our findings highlight the importance of targeting trade- and demand-side dynamics to reduce deforestation and how interventions within the food system could synergistically contribute to achieving sustainable development goals, such as climate action, life on land and zero hunger. 2024-07-16 2024-07-24T10:33:23Z 2024-07-24T10:33:23Z Journal Article https://hdl.handle.net/10568/149225 en Open Access application/pdf Nature Portfolio Sylvester, J.M.; Gutierrez Zapata, D.M.; Perez Marulanda, L.; Vanegas Cubillos, M.; Bruun, T.B.; Mertz, O.; Castro-Nunez, A. (2024) Analysis of food system drivers of deforestation highlights foreign direct investments and urbanization as threats to tropical forests. Scientific Reports 14: 15179. ISSN: 2045-2322
spellingShingle food systems
deforestation
urbanization
sustainable development goals
tropical forests
agricultural extension
Sylvester, Janelle M.
Gutierrez Zapata, Diana Maria
Perez Marulanda, Lisset
Vanegas Cubillos, Martha
Bruun, Thilde Bech
Mertz, Ole
Castro-Nunez, Augusto
Analysis of food system drivers of deforestation highlights foreign direct investments and urbanization as threats to tropical forests
title Analysis of food system drivers of deforestation highlights foreign direct investments and urbanization as threats to tropical forests
title_full Analysis of food system drivers of deforestation highlights foreign direct investments and urbanization as threats to tropical forests
title_fullStr Analysis of food system drivers of deforestation highlights foreign direct investments and urbanization as threats to tropical forests
title_full_unstemmed Analysis of food system drivers of deforestation highlights foreign direct investments and urbanization as threats to tropical forests
title_short Analysis of food system drivers of deforestation highlights foreign direct investments and urbanization as threats to tropical forests
title_sort analysis of food system drivers of deforestation highlights foreign direct investments and urbanization as threats to tropical forests
topic food systems
deforestation
urbanization
sustainable development goals
tropical forests
agricultural extension
url https://hdl.handle.net/10568/149225
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