Formal versus informal: Efficiency, inclusiveness, and financing of dairy value chains in India

Despite a growing dairy industry in India, farmers’ lack of access to organized markets and institutional credit remains one of the major hindrances in improving the scale and productivity of dairying. Using data from a survey of 612 households from the state of Punjab, India, this paper evaluates f...

Full description

Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Chand, Ramesh, Joshi, Pramod Kumar, Saxena, Raka, Rajkhowa, Pallavi, Khan, Md. Tajuddin, Khan, Mohd. Arshad, Chaudhary, Khyali R., Birthal, Pratap Singh
Format: Artículo preliminar
Language:Inglés
Published: International Food Policy Research Institute 2016
Subjects:
Online Access:https://hdl.handle.net/10568/147674
_version_ 1855535943177469952
author Chand, Ramesh
Joshi, Pramod Kumar
Saxena, Raka
Rajkhowa, Pallavi
Khan, Md. Tajuddin
Khan, Mohd. Arshad
Chaudhary, Khyali R.
Birthal, Pratap Singh
author_browse Birthal, Pratap Singh
Chand, Ramesh
Chaudhary, Khyali R.
Joshi, Pramod Kumar
Khan, Md. Tajuddin
Khan, Mohd. Arshad
Rajkhowa, Pallavi
Saxena, Raka
author_facet Chand, Ramesh
Joshi, Pramod Kumar
Saxena, Raka
Rajkhowa, Pallavi
Khan, Md. Tajuddin
Khan, Mohd. Arshad
Chaudhary, Khyali R.
Birthal, Pratap Singh
author_sort Chand, Ramesh
collection Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace)
description Despite a growing dairy industry in India, farmers’ lack of access to organized markets and institutional credit remains one of the major hindrances in improving the scale and productivity of dairying. Using data from a survey of 612 households from the state of Punjab, India, this paper evaluates farmers’ choices of dairy value chains and their financing mechanisms. The study finds that 62 percent of the sample farmers representing 69 percent of the total milk sales are connected with formal value chains driven by cooperatives, multinational companies and private domestic processors. Small dairy farmers are associated more with informal value chains but they are not excluded from the formal value chains. The performance of different value chains in terms of productivity and profitability of dairying is almost on par. Also, there is hardly any difference in the milk price offered by formal and informal buyers pointing towards milk market being competitive. More than half of the farmers borrow credit both from within and outside the chain for dairying related activities. Chain-based financing is restricted to only one-fourth of the borrowers and mostly to those associated with informal value chains. Financing by commercial banks and other financial institutions is limited to only 9 percent of the borrowers, mainly larger farmers. The socially-disadvantaged and smallholder farmers are often neglected in institutional lending because of their lack of physical assets to use as collateral against loans. Value chain approach, due to its product market orientation, can serve as an entry point for financial institutions to improve their outreach to smallholders. The innovative financial products, such as ‘dairy credit card’ and ‘contract as collateral’ would enable them to adopt yield-enhancing technology and inputs and also to scale up their dairy activity.
format Artículo preliminar
id CGSpace147674
institution CGIAR Consortium
language Inglés
publishDate 2016
publishDateRange 2016
publishDateSort 2016
publisher International Food Policy Research Institute
publisherStr International Food Policy Research Institute
record_format dspace
spelling CGSpace1476742025-11-06T07:18:04Z Formal versus informal: Efficiency, inclusiveness, and financing of dairy value chains in India Chand, Ramesh Joshi, Pramod Kumar Saxena, Raka Rajkhowa, Pallavi Khan, Md. Tajuddin Khan, Mohd. Arshad Chaudhary, Khyali R. Birthal, Pratap Singh value chains informal sector microeconomics economic development smallholders markets credit dairy finance Despite a growing dairy industry in India, farmers’ lack of access to organized markets and institutional credit remains one of the major hindrances in improving the scale and productivity of dairying. Using data from a survey of 612 households from the state of Punjab, India, this paper evaluates farmers’ choices of dairy value chains and their financing mechanisms. The study finds that 62 percent of the sample farmers representing 69 percent of the total milk sales are connected with formal value chains driven by cooperatives, multinational companies and private domestic processors. Small dairy farmers are associated more with informal value chains but they are not excluded from the formal value chains. The performance of different value chains in terms of productivity and profitability of dairying is almost on par. Also, there is hardly any difference in the milk price offered by formal and informal buyers pointing towards milk market being competitive. More than half of the farmers borrow credit both from within and outside the chain for dairying related activities. Chain-based financing is restricted to only one-fourth of the borrowers and mostly to those associated with informal value chains. Financing by commercial banks and other financial institutions is limited to only 9 percent of the borrowers, mainly larger farmers. The socially-disadvantaged and smallholder farmers are often neglected in institutional lending because of their lack of physical assets to use as collateral against loans. Value chain approach, due to its product market orientation, can serve as an entry point for financial institutions to improve their outreach to smallholders. The innovative financial products, such as ‘dairy credit card’ and ‘contract as collateral’ would enable them to adopt yield-enhancing technology and inputs and also to scale up their dairy activity. 2016-03-04 2024-06-21T09:23:10Z 2024-06-21T09:23:10Z Working Paper https://hdl.handle.net/10568/147674 en https://hdl.handle.net/10568/149959 https://hdl.handle.net/10568/151369 Open Access application/pdf International Food Policy Research Institute Birthal, Pratap S.; Chand, Ramesh; Joshi, Pramod Kumar; Saxena, Raka; Rajkhowa, Pallavi; Khan, Md. Tajuddin; Khan, Mohd Arshad; and Chaudhary, Khyali R. 2016. Formal versus informal: Efficiency, inclusiveness, and financing of dairy value chains in India. IFPRI Discussion Paper 1513. Washington, DC: International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI). https://hdl.handle.net/10568/147674
spellingShingle value chains
informal sector
microeconomics
economic development
smallholders
markets
credit
dairy
finance
Chand, Ramesh
Joshi, Pramod Kumar
Saxena, Raka
Rajkhowa, Pallavi
Khan, Md. Tajuddin
Khan, Mohd. Arshad
Chaudhary, Khyali R.
Birthal, Pratap Singh
Formal versus informal: Efficiency, inclusiveness, and financing of dairy value chains in India
title Formal versus informal: Efficiency, inclusiveness, and financing of dairy value chains in India
title_full Formal versus informal: Efficiency, inclusiveness, and financing of dairy value chains in India
title_fullStr Formal versus informal: Efficiency, inclusiveness, and financing of dairy value chains in India
title_full_unstemmed Formal versus informal: Efficiency, inclusiveness, and financing of dairy value chains in India
title_short Formal versus informal: Efficiency, inclusiveness, and financing of dairy value chains in India
title_sort formal versus informal efficiency inclusiveness and financing of dairy value chains in india
topic value chains
informal sector
microeconomics
economic development
smallholders
markets
credit
dairy
finance
url https://hdl.handle.net/10568/147674
work_keys_str_mv AT chandramesh formalversusinformalefficiencyinclusivenessandfinancingofdairyvaluechainsinindia
AT joshipramodkumar formalversusinformalefficiencyinclusivenessandfinancingofdairyvaluechainsinindia
AT saxenaraka formalversusinformalefficiencyinclusivenessandfinancingofdairyvaluechainsinindia
AT rajkhowapallavi formalversusinformalefficiencyinclusivenessandfinancingofdairyvaluechainsinindia
AT khanmdtajuddin formalversusinformalefficiencyinclusivenessandfinancingofdairyvaluechainsinindia
AT khanmohdarshad formalversusinformalefficiencyinclusivenessandfinancingofdairyvaluechainsinindia
AT chaudharykhyalir formalversusinformalefficiencyinclusivenessandfinancingofdairyvaluechainsinindia
AT birthalpratapsingh formalversusinformalefficiencyinclusivenessandfinancingofdairyvaluechainsinindia