Anemia and micronutrient status of women of childbearing age and children 6–59 months in the Democratic Republic of the Congo

Little is known about the micronutrient status of women and children in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, which is critical for the design of effective nutrition interventions. We recruited 744 mother-child pairs from South Kivu (SK) and Kongo Central (KC). We determined hemoglobin (Hb), serum z...

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Main Authors: Harvey-Leeson, Sarah, Karakochuk, Crystal D., Hawes, Meaghan, Tugirimana, Pierrot L., Bahizire, Esto, Akilimali, Pierre Z., Michaux, Kristina D., Lynd, Larry D., Whitfield, Kyly C., Moursi, Mourad, Boy, Erick, Foley, Jennifer, McLean, Judy, Houghton, Lisa A., Gibson, Rosalind S., Green, Tim J.
Format: Journal Article
Language:Inglés
Published: MDPI 2016
Subjects:
Online Access:https://hdl.handle.net/10568/146342
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author Harvey-Leeson, Sarah
Karakochuk, Crystal D.
Hawes, Meaghan
Tugirimana, Pierrot L.
Bahizire, Esto
Akilimali, Pierre Z.
Michaux, Kristina D.
Lynd, Larry D.
Whitfield, Kyly C.
Moursi, Mourad
Boy, Erick
Foley, Jennifer
McLean, Judy
Houghton, Lisa A.
Gibson, Rosalind S.
Green, Tim J.
author_browse Akilimali, Pierre Z.
Bahizire, Esto
Boy, Erick
Foley, Jennifer
Gibson, Rosalind S.
Green, Tim J.
Harvey-Leeson, Sarah
Hawes, Meaghan
Houghton, Lisa A.
Karakochuk, Crystal D.
Lynd, Larry D.
McLean, Judy
Michaux, Kristina D.
Moursi, Mourad
Tugirimana, Pierrot L.
Whitfield, Kyly C.
author_facet Harvey-Leeson, Sarah
Karakochuk, Crystal D.
Hawes, Meaghan
Tugirimana, Pierrot L.
Bahizire, Esto
Akilimali, Pierre Z.
Michaux, Kristina D.
Lynd, Larry D.
Whitfield, Kyly C.
Moursi, Mourad
Boy, Erick
Foley, Jennifer
McLean, Judy
Houghton, Lisa A.
Gibson, Rosalind S.
Green, Tim J.
author_sort Harvey-Leeson, Sarah
collection Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace)
description Little is known about the micronutrient status of women and children in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, which is critical for the design of effective nutrition interventions. We recruited 744 mother-child pairs from South Kivu (SK) and Kongo Central (KC). We determined hemoglobin (Hb), serum zinc, vitamin B12, folate, ferritin, soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR), retinol binding protein (RBP), C-reactive protein, and α-1 acid glycoprotein concentrations. Anemia prevalence was determined using Hb adjusted for altitude alone and Hb adjusted for both altitude and ethnicity. Anemia prevalence was lower after Hb adjustment for altitude and ethnicity, compared to only altitude, among women (6% vs. 17% in SK; 10% vs. 32% in KC), children 6–23 months (26% vs. 59% in SK; 25% vs. 42% in KC), and children 24–59 months (14% vs. 35% in SK; 23% vs. 44% in KC), respectively. Iron deficiency was seemingly higher with sTfR as compared to inflammation-adjusted ferritin among women (18% vs. 4% in SK; 21% vs. 5% in KC), children 6–23 months (51% vs. 14% in SK; 74% vs. 10% in KC), and children 24–59 months (23% vs. 4% in SK; 58% vs. 1% in KC). Regardless of indicator, iron deficiency anemia (IDA) never exceeded 3% in women. In children, IDA reached almost 20% when sTfR was used but was only 10% with ferritin. Folate, B12, and vitamin A (RBP) deficiencies were all very low (<5%); RBP was 10% in children. The prevalence of anemia was unexpectedly low. Inflammation-adjusted zinc deficiency was high among women (52% in SK; 58% in KC), children 6–23 months (23% in SK; 20% in KC), and children 24–59 months (25% in SK; 27% in KC). The rate of biochemical zinc deficiency among Congolese women and children requires attention.
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spelling CGSpace1463422025-12-08T10:29:22Z Anemia and micronutrient status of women of childbearing age and children 6–59 months in the Democratic Republic of the Congo Harvey-Leeson, Sarah Karakochuk, Crystal D. Hawes, Meaghan Tugirimana, Pierrot L. Bahizire, Esto Akilimali, Pierre Z. Michaux, Kristina D. Lynd, Larry D. Whitfield, Kyly C. Moursi, Mourad Boy, Erick Foley, Jennifer McLean, Judy Houghton, Lisa A. Gibson, Rosalind S. Green, Tim J. ferritin anaemia deficiency diseases gender haemoglobin trace elements inflammation iron deficiency women Little is known about the micronutrient status of women and children in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, which is critical for the design of effective nutrition interventions. We recruited 744 mother-child pairs from South Kivu (SK) and Kongo Central (KC). We determined hemoglobin (Hb), serum zinc, vitamin B12, folate, ferritin, soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR), retinol binding protein (RBP), C-reactive protein, and α-1 acid glycoprotein concentrations. Anemia prevalence was determined using Hb adjusted for altitude alone and Hb adjusted for both altitude and ethnicity. Anemia prevalence was lower after Hb adjustment for altitude and ethnicity, compared to only altitude, among women (6% vs. 17% in SK; 10% vs. 32% in KC), children 6–23 months (26% vs. 59% in SK; 25% vs. 42% in KC), and children 24–59 months (14% vs. 35% in SK; 23% vs. 44% in KC), respectively. Iron deficiency was seemingly higher with sTfR as compared to inflammation-adjusted ferritin among women (18% vs. 4% in SK; 21% vs. 5% in KC), children 6–23 months (51% vs. 14% in SK; 74% vs. 10% in KC), and children 24–59 months (23% vs. 4% in SK; 58% vs. 1% in KC). Regardless of indicator, iron deficiency anemia (IDA) never exceeded 3% in women. In children, IDA reached almost 20% when sTfR was used but was only 10% with ferritin. Folate, B12, and vitamin A (RBP) deficiencies were all very low (<5%); RBP was 10% in children. The prevalence of anemia was unexpectedly low. Inflammation-adjusted zinc deficiency was high among women (52% in SK; 58% in KC), children 6–23 months (23% in SK; 20% in KC), and children 24–59 months (25% in SK; 27% in KC). The rate of biochemical zinc deficiency among Congolese women and children requires attention. 2016-02-25 2024-06-21T09:06:42Z 2024-06-21T09:06:42Z Journal Article https://hdl.handle.net/10568/146342 en Open Access MDPI Harvey-Leeson, Sarah; Karakochuk, Crystal D.; Hawes, Meaghan; Tugirimana, Pierrot L.; Bahizire, Esto; Akilimali, Pierre Z.; Michaux, Kristina D.; Lynd, Larry D.; Whitfield, Kyly C.; Moursi, Mourad; Boy, Erick; Foley, Jennifer; McLean, Judy; Houghton, Lisa A.; Gibson, Rosalind S.; and Green, Tim J. 2016. Anemia and micronutrient status of women of childbearing age and children 6–59 months in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Nutrients 8(2): 98. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu8020098
spellingShingle ferritin
anaemia
deficiency diseases
gender
haemoglobin
trace elements
inflammation
iron deficiency
women
Harvey-Leeson, Sarah
Karakochuk, Crystal D.
Hawes, Meaghan
Tugirimana, Pierrot L.
Bahizire, Esto
Akilimali, Pierre Z.
Michaux, Kristina D.
Lynd, Larry D.
Whitfield, Kyly C.
Moursi, Mourad
Boy, Erick
Foley, Jennifer
McLean, Judy
Houghton, Lisa A.
Gibson, Rosalind S.
Green, Tim J.
Anemia and micronutrient status of women of childbearing age and children 6–59 months in the Democratic Republic of the Congo
title Anemia and micronutrient status of women of childbearing age and children 6–59 months in the Democratic Republic of the Congo
title_full Anemia and micronutrient status of women of childbearing age and children 6–59 months in the Democratic Republic of the Congo
title_fullStr Anemia and micronutrient status of women of childbearing age and children 6–59 months in the Democratic Republic of the Congo
title_full_unstemmed Anemia and micronutrient status of women of childbearing age and children 6–59 months in the Democratic Republic of the Congo
title_short Anemia and micronutrient status of women of childbearing age and children 6–59 months in the Democratic Republic of the Congo
title_sort anemia and micronutrient status of women of childbearing age and children 6 59 months in the democratic republic of the congo
topic ferritin
anaemia
deficiency diseases
gender
haemoglobin
trace elements
inflammation
iron deficiency
women
url https://hdl.handle.net/10568/146342
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