Water, sanitation, and hygiene practices mediate the association between women's empowerment and child length for‐age z‐scores in Nepal
In Nepal, more than one‐third of children are stunted. Prior studies have shown that women's empowerment in agriculture is associated with child (<2 years) length‐for‐age z ‐scores (LAZ) in Nepal. This study tests whether child dietary diversity (DD) and household water, sanitation, and hygiene (...
| Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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| Formato: | Journal Article |
| Lenguaje: | Inglés |
| Publicado: |
John Wiley & Sons
2019
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| Materias: | |
| Acceso en línea: | https://hdl.handle.net/10568/146074 |
| _version_ | 1855528980617101312 |
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| author | Cunningham, Kenda Ferguson, Elaine Ruel, Marie T. Uauy, Ricardo Kadiyala, Suneetha Menon, Purnima Ploubidis, George B. |
| author_browse | Cunningham, Kenda Ferguson, Elaine Kadiyala, Suneetha Menon, Purnima Ploubidis, George B. Ruel, Marie T. Uauy, Ricardo |
| author_facet | Cunningham, Kenda Ferguson, Elaine Ruel, Marie T. Uauy, Ricardo Kadiyala, Suneetha Menon, Purnima Ploubidis, George B. |
| author_sort | Cunningham, Kenda |
| collection | Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace) |
| description | In Nepal, more than one‐third of children are stunted. Prior studies have shown that women's empowerment in agriculture is associated with child (<2 years) length‐for‐age z ‐scores (LAZ) in Nepal. This study tests whether child dietary diversity (DD) and household water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) facilities and practices mediate the associations between women's empowerment and LAZ. With a cross‐sectional dataset of 4,080 households from 240 rural communities across 16 districts of Nepal, we used ordinary least squares regression models to first estimate the associations between women's empowerment and LAZ for children 6 to 24 months (n = 1,402; our previous published analysis included all children <24 months of age), using the Women's Empowerment in Agriculture Index's Five Domains of Empowerment subindex. We used standardized structural equation models to test whether child DD and/or household WASH mediated the association between women's empowerment and child LAZ. Overall, women's empowerment was positively associated with child LAZ (β = 0.24, P = 0.03), as found in our previous analyses. In the mediation analysis, women's empowerment was positively associated with WASH (β = 0.78, P < 0.001), and in turn child LAZ (β = 0.09, P < 0.001). Women's empowerment was not associated with DD, but DD was associated with LAZ (β = 0.06, P = 0.05). Empowered women had better WASH practices than nonempowered women, which translated into higher child LAZ. Child DD was not a mediating factor in the association between women's empowerment and child LAZ. More research is needed to explore other pathways by which women's empowerment may affect child nutrition outcomes. |
| format | Journal Article |
| id | CGSpace146074 |
| institution | CGIAR Consortium |
| language | Inglés |
| publishDate | 2019 |
| publishDateRange | 2019 |
| publishDateSort | 2019 |
| publisher | John Wiley & Sons |
| publisherStr | John Wiley & Sons |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | CGSpace1460742024-10-25T07:58:49Z Water, sanitation, and hygiene practices mediate the association between women's empowerment and child length for‐age z‐scores in Nepal Cunningham, Kenda Ferguson, Elaine Ruel, Marie T. Uauy, Ricardo Kadiyala, Suneetha Menon, Purnima Ploubidis, George B. rural communities gender child nutrition empowerment hygiene women dietary diversity In Nepal, more than one‐third of children are stunted. Prior studies have shown that women's empowerment in agriculture is associated with child (<2 years) length‐for‐age z ‐scores (LAZ) in Nepal. This study tests whether child dietary diversity (DD) and household water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) facilities and practices mediate the associations between women's empowerment and LAZ. With a cross‐sectional dataset of 4,080 households from 240 rural communities across 16 districts of Nepal, we used ordinary least squares regression models to first estimate the associations between women's empowerment and LAZ for children 6 to 24 months (n = 1,402; our previous published analysis included all children <24 months of age), using the Women's Empowerment in Agriculture Index's Five Domains of Empowerment subindex. We used standardized structural equation models to test whether child DD and/or household WASH mediated the association between women's empowerment and child LAZ. Overall, women's empowerment was positively associated with child LAZ (β = 0.24, P = 0.03), as found in our previous analyses. In the mediation analysis, women's empowerment was positively associated with WASH (β = 0.78, P < 0.001), and in turn child LAZ (β = 0.09, P < 0.001). Women's empowerment was not associated with DD, but DD was associated with LAZ (β = 0.06, P = 0.05). Empowered women had better WASH practices than nonempowered women, which translated into higher child LAZ. Child DD was not a mediating factor in the association between women's empowerment and child LAZ. More research is needed to explore other pathways by which women's empowerment may affect child nutrition outcomes. 2019-01 2024-06-21T09:05:45Z 2024-06-21T09:05:45Z Journal Article https://hdl.handle.net/10568/146074 en Open Access John Wiley & Sons Cunningham, Kenda; Ferguson, Elaine; Ruel, Marie T.; Uauy, Ricardo; Kadiyala, Suneetha; Menon, Purnima; and Ploubidis, George B. 2019. Water, sanitation, and hygiene practices mediate the association between women's empowerment and child length for‐age z‐scores in Nepal. Maternal and Child Nutrition 15(1): e12638. https://doi.org/10.1111/mcn.12638 |
| spellingShingle | rural communities gender child nutrition empowerment hygiene women dietary diversity Cunningham, Kenda Ferguson, Elaine Ruel, Marie T. Uauy, Ricardo Kadiyala, Suneetha Menon, Purnima Ploubidis, George B. Water, sanitation, and hygiene practices mediate the association between women's empowerment and child length for‐age z‐scores in Nepal |
| title | Water, sanitation, and hygiene practices mediate the association between women's empowerment and child length for‐age z‐scores in Nepal |
| title_full | Water, sanitation, and hygiene practices mediate the association between women's empowerment and child length for‐age z‐scores in Nepal |
| title_fullStr | Water, sanitation, and hygiene practices mediate the association between women's empowerment and child length for‐age z‐scores in Nepal |
| title_full_unstemmed | Water, sanitation, and hygiene practices mediate the association between women's empowerment and child length for‐age z‐scores in Nepal |
| title_short | Water, sanitation, and hygiene practices mediate the association between women's empowerment and child length for‐age z‐scores in Nepal |
| title_sort | water sanitation and hygiene practices mediate the association between women s empowerment and child length for age z scores in nepal |
| topic | rural communities gender child nutrition empowerment hygiene women dietary diversity |
| url | https://hdl.handle.net/10568/146074 |
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