The impact of reducing dietary aflatoxin exposure on child linear growth: A cluster randomised controlled trial in Kenya

Observational studies have documented an association between aflatoxin (AF) exposure and reduced linear growth in infants and young children. Our objective was to assess the effectiveness of reducing AF exposure on child linear growth and serum AF levels in rural areas in Eastern Kenya. Methods: A c...

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Autores principales: Hoffmann, Vivian, Jones, Kelly M., Leroy, Jef L.
Formato: Journal Article
Lenguaje:Inglés
Publicado: BMJ 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/10568/145923
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author Hoffmann, Vivian
Jones, Kelly M.
Leroy, Jef L.
author_browse Hoffmann, Vivian
Jones, Kelly M.
Leroy, Jef L.
author_facet Hoffmann, Vivian
Jones, Kelly M.
Leroy, Jef L.
author_sort Hoffmann, Vivian
collection Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace)
description Observational studies have documented an association between aflatoxin (AF) exposure and reduced linear growth in infants and young children. Our objective was to assess the effectiveness of reducing AF exposure on child linear growth and serum AF levels in rural areas in Eastern Kenya. Methods: A cluster randomised controlled design was used (28 intervention and 28 control clusters). The intervention arm received a swapping (contaminated maize was replaced with safe maize) and a stockist intervention (households were encouraged to purchase from a stockist supplied with clean maize). Women in the fifth to final month of pregnancy were invited to enrol in the study. Outcomes were child length-for-age Z-score (LAZ), the prevalence of stunting and child serum AFB1-lysine adduct level 24 (endline, primary outcomes) and 11 to 19 months (midline, secondary outcomes) after trial commencement, respectively. The trial was registered with socialscienceregistry.org. Results Of the 1230 unborn children enrolled in the study, 881 (72%) were included in the LAZ and 798 (65%) in the serum AFB1 analysis. The intervention significantly reduced endline ln serum AFB1-lysine adduct levels (intervention effect—0.273, 95% CI −0.547 to 0.001; one-sided p=0.025), but had no effect on endline LAZ or stunting (mean LAZ at endline was −1.64). At midline, the intervention increased LAZ by 0.16 (95% CI −0.009 to 0.33; one-sided p=0.032) and reduced stunting by seven percentage points (95% CI −0.125 to −0.007; one-sided p=0.015), but had no impact on serum AFB1 levels. Conclusion Improving access to AF-free maize substantially reduced endline serum AF, but had no effect on child linear growth. The midline analysis suggests that AF may affect linear growth at younger ages.
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spelling CGSpace1459232024-10-25T08:05:59Z The impact of reducing dietary aflatoxin exposure on child linear growth: A cluster randomised controlled trial in Kenya Hoffmann, Vivian Jones, Kelly M. Leroy, Jef L. mycotoxins child development health random sampling aflatoxin capacity development stunting food safety aflatoxins children experimental design diet child growth Observational studies have documented an association between aflatoxin (AF) exposure and reduced linear growth in infants and young children. Our objective was to assess the effectiveness of reducing AF exposure on child linear growth and serum AF levels in rural areas in Eastern Kenya. Methods: A cluster randomised controlled design was used (28 intervention and 28 control clusters). The intervention arm received a swapping (contaminated maize was replaced with safe maize) and a stockist intervention (households were encouraged to purchase from a stockist supplied with clean maize). Women in the fifth to final month of pregnancy were invited to enrol in the study. Outcomes were child length-for-age Z-score (LAZ), the prevalence of stunting and child serum AFB1-lysine adduct level 24 (endline, primary outcomes) and 11 to 19 months (midline, secondary outcomes) after trial commencement, respectively. The trial was registered with socialscienceregistry.org. Results Of the 1230 unborn children enrolled in the study, 881 (72%) were included in the LAZ and 798 (65%) in the serum AFB1 analysis. The intervention significantly reduced endline ln serum AFB1-lysine adduct levels (intervention effect—0.273, 95% CI −0.547 to 0.001; one-sided p=0.025), but had no effect on endline LAZ or stunting (mean LAZ at endline was −1.64). At midline, the intervention increased LAZ by 0.16 (95% CI −0.009 to 0.33; one-sided p=0.032) and reduced stunting by seven percentage points (95% CI −0.125 to −0.007; one-sided p=0.015), but had no impact on serum AFB1 levels. Conclusion Improving access to AF-free maize substantially reduced endline serum AF, but had no effect on child linear growth. The midline analysis suggests that AF may affect linear growth at younger ages. 2018-12-12 2024-06-21T09:05:21Z 2024-06-21T09:05:21Z Journal Article https://hdl.handle.net/10568/145923 en Open Access BMJ Hoffmann, Vivian; Jones, Kelly M.; Leroy, Jef L. 2018. The impact of reducing dietary aflatoxin exposure on child linear growth: A cluster randomised controlled trial in Kenya. BMJ Global Health 3(6): 3:e000983. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2018-000983
spellingShingle mycotoxins
child development
health
random sampling
aflatoxin
capacity development
stunting
food safety
aflatoxins
children
experimental design
diet
child growth
Hoffmann, Vivian
Jones, Kelly M.
Leroy, Jef L.
The impact of reducing dietary aflatoxin exposure on child linear growth: A cluster randomised controlled trial in Kenya
title The impact of reducing dietary aflatoxin exposure on child linear growth: A cluster randomised controlled trial in Kenya
title_full The impact of reducing dietary aflatoxin exposure on child linear growth: A cluster randomised controlled trial in Kenya
title_fullStr The impact of reducing dietary aflatoxin exposure on child linear growth: A cluster randomised controlled trial in Kenya
title_full_unstemmed The impact of reducing dietary aflatoxin exposure on child linear growth: A cluster randomised controlled trial in Kenya
title_short The impact of reducing dietary aflatoxin exposure on child linear growth: A cluster randomised controlled trial in Kenya
title_sort impact of reducing dietary aflatoxin exposure on child linear growth a cluster randomised controlled trial in kenya
topic mycotoxins
child development
health
random sampling
aflatoxin
capacity development
stunting
food safety
aflatoxins
children
experimental design
diet
child growth
url https://hdl.handle.net/10568/145923
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