Can urbanization improve household welfare? Evidence from Ethiopia

Despite evolving evidence that Africa is experiencing urbanization in a different way, empirical evaluations of the welfare implications of urban-development programs in Africa remain scant. We investigated the welfare implications of recent urbanization in rural areas and small towns in Ethiopia us...

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Autores principales: Abay, Kibrom A., Tiberti, Luca, Mezgebo, Tsega G., Endale, Meron
Formato: Artículo preliminar
Lenguaje:Inglés
Publicado: Partnership for Economic Policy 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/10568/143946
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author Abay, Kibrom A.
Tiberti, Luca
Mezgebo, Tsega G.
Endale, Meron
author_browse Abay, Kibrom A.
Endale, Meron
Mezgebo, Tsega G.
Tiberti, Luca
author_facet Abay, Kibrom A.
Tiberti, Luca
Mezgebo, Tsega G.
Endale, Meron
author_sort Abay, Kibrom A.
collection Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace)
description Despite evolving evidence that Africa is experiencing urbanization in a different way, empirical evaluations of the welfare implications of urban-development programs in Africa remain scant. We investigated the welfare implications of recent urbanization in rural areas and small towns in Ethiopia using household-level longitudinal data and satellite-based night-light intensity. Controlling for time-invariant unobserved heterogeneity (across individuals and localities) and exploiting intertemporal and interspatial variation in satellite-based night-light intensity, we found that urbanization, as measured by night-light intensity, was associated with significant welfare improvement. In particular, we found that a one-unit increase in night-light intensity was associated with an improvement in household welfare of about 2%. Much of this was driven by the increase in labor-market participation in the non-farm sector, mainly salaried employment, induced by urbanization. Other potential impact pathways, such as an increase in consumer prices or migration explained little (if any) of the change in household welfare. Finally, our quantile and inequality analyses suggested that the observed urbanization had a negligible effect on the distribution of household welfare. Our results can inform public policy debates on the consequences and implications of urban expansion in Africa.
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spelling CGSpace1439462025-02-24T06:48:06Z Can urbanization improve household welfare? Evidence from Ethiopia Abay, Kibrom A. Tiberti, Luca Mezgebo, Tsega G. Endale, Meron labour market households welfare urbanization capacity development migration poverty rural areas Despite evolving evidence that Africa is experiencing urbanization in a different way, empirical evaluations of the welfare implications of urban-development programs in Africa remain scant. We investigated the welfare implications of recent urbanization in rural areas and small towns in Ethiopia using household-level longitudinal data and satellite-based night-light intensity. Controlling for time-invariant unobserved heterogeneity (across individuals and localities) and exploiting intertemporal and interspatial variation in satellite-based night-light intensity, we found that urbanization, as measured by night-light intensity, was associated with significant welfare improvement. In particular, we found that a one-unit increase in night-light intensity was associated with an improvement in household welfare of about 2%. Much of this was driven by the increase in labor-market participation in the non-farm sector, mainly salaried employment, induced by urbanization. Other potential impact pathways, such as an increase in consumer prices or migration explained little (if any) of the change in household welfare. Finally, our quantile and inequality analyses suggested that the observed urbanization had a negligible effect on the distribution of household welfare. Our results can inform public policy debates on the consequences and implications of urban expansion in Africa. 2020-04-01 2024-05-22T12:18:18Z 2024-05-22T12:18:18Z Working Paper https://hdl.handle.net/10568/143946 en https://doi.org/10.1093/wber/lhy015 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ehb.2018.09.001 Open Access Partnership for Economic Policy Abay, Kibrom A.; Tiberti, Luca; Mezgebo, Tsega G.; and Endale, Meron. 2020. Can urbanization improve household welfare? Evidence from Ethiopia. PEP Working Paper 2020-02. https://portal.pep-net.org/document/download/34632
spellingShingle labour market
households
welfare
urbanization
capacity development
migration
poverty
rural areas
Abay, Kibrom A.
Tiberti, Luca
Mezgebo, Tsega G.
Endale, Meron
Can urbanization improve household welfare? Evidence from Ethiopia
title Can urbanization improve household welfare? Evidence from Ethiopia
title_full Can urbanization improve household welfare? Evidence from Ethiopia
title_fullStr Can urbanization improve household welfare? Evidence from Ethiopia
title_full_unstemmed Can urbanization improve household welfare? Evidence from Ethiopia
title_short Can urbanization improve household welfare? Evidence from Ethiopia
title_sort can urbanization improve household welfare evidence from ethiopia
topic labour market
households
welfare
urbanization
capacity development
migration
poverty
rural areas
url https://hdl.handle.net/10568/143946
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