Affordability of nutritious diets in rural India

Malnutrition is endemic in India. In 2015-16 some 38% of preschool children were stunted and 21% were wasted, while more than half of Indian mothers and children were anemic. There are many posited explanations for the high rates of malnutrition in India, but surprisingly few discuss the role of Ind...

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Autores principales: Raghunathan, Kalyani, Headey, Derek D., Herforth, Anna
Formato: Artículo preliminar
Lenguaje:Inglés
Publicado: International Food Policy Research Institute 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/10568/143492
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author Raghunathan, Kalyani
Headey, Derek D.
Herforth, Anna
author_browse Headey, Derek D.
Herforth, Anna
Raghunathan, Kalyani
author_facet Raghunathan, Kalyani
Headey, Derek D.
Herforth, Anna
author_sort Raghunathan, Kalyani
collection Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace)
description Malnutrition is endemic in India. In 2015-16 some 38% of preschool children were stunted and 21% were wasted, while more than half of Indian mothers and children were anemic. There are many posited explanations for the high rates of malnutrition in India, but surprisingly few discuss the role of Indian diets, particularly the affordability of nutritious diets given low wages and the significant structural problems facing India’s agricultural sector. This study was undertaken to address knowledge gaps around the affordability of nutritious diets in rural India. To do so we used nationally representative rural price and wage data to estimate the least cost means of satisfying India-specific dietary recommendations, referred to as the Cost of a Recommended Diet (CoRD), and assess the affordability of this diet relative to male and female wages for unskilled laborers. Although we find that dietary costs increased substantially over 2001-2011 for both men and women, rural wage rates increased more rapidly, implying that nutritious diets became substantially more affordable over time. However, in absolute terms nutritious diets in 2011 were still expensive relative to unskilled wages, constituting approximately 50-60% of male and about 70-80% of female daily wages, and were often even higher relative to minimum wages earned from the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA). Since many poor households have significant numbers of dependents and substantial non-food expenditure requirements, it follows that nutritious diets are often highly unaffordable for the rural poor; we estimate that 45-64% of the rural poor cannot afford a nutritious diet that meets India’s national food-based dietary guidelines. Our results point to the need to more closely monitor food prices through a nutritional lens, and to shift India’s existing food policies away from their heavy bias towards cereals. Achieving nutritional security in India requires a much more holistic focus on improving the affordability of the full range of nutritious food groups and ensuring that economic growth results in sustained income growth for the poor.
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spelling CGSpace1434922025-12-02T21:03:03Z Affordability of nutritious diets in rural India Raghunathan, Kalyani Headey, Derek D. Herforth, Anna income healthy diets affordability malnutrition nutrition children food prices diet rural areas Malnutrition is endemic in India. In 2015-16 some 38% of preschool children were stunted and 21% were wasted, while more than half of Indian mothers and children were anemic. There are many posited explanations for the high rates of malnutrition in India, but surprisingly few discuss the role of Indian diets, particularly the affordability of nutritious diets given low wages and the significant structural problems facing India’s agricultural sector. This study was undertaken to address knowledge gaps around the affordability of nutritious diets in rural India. To do so we used nationally representative rural price and wage data to estimate the least cost means of satisfying India-specific dietary recommendations, referred to as the Cost of a Recommended Diet (CoRD), and assess the affordability of this diet relative to male and female wages for unskilled laborers. Although we find that dietary costs increased substantially over 2001-2011 for both men and women, rural wage rates increased more rapidly, implying that nutritious diets became substantially more affordable over time. However, in absolute terms nutritious diets in 2011 were still expensive relative to unskilled wages, constituting approximately 50-60% of male and about 70-80% of female daily wages, and were often even higher relative to minimum wages earned from the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA). Since many poor households have significant numbers of dependents and substantial non-food expenditure requirements, it follows that nutritious diets are often highly unaffordable for the rural poor; we estimate that 45-64% of the rural poor cannot afford a nutritious diet that meets India’s national food-based dietary guidelines. Our results point to the need to more closely monitor food prices through a nutritional lens, and to shift India’s existing food policies away from their heavy bias towards cereals. Achieving nutritional security in India requires a much more holistic focus on improving the affordability of the full range of nutritious food groups and ensuring that economic growth results in sustained income growth for the poor. 2020-02-01 2024-05-22T12:14:38Z 2024-05-22T12:14:38Z Working Paper https://hdl.handle.net/10568/143492 en https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodpol.2020.101982 Open Access application/pdf International Food Policy Research Institute Raghunathan, Kalyani; Headey, Derek D.; and Herforth, Anna. 2020. Affordability of nutritious diets in rural India. IFPRI Discussion Paper 1912. Washington, DC: International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI). https://doi.org/10.2499/p15738coll2.133638.
spellingShingle income
healthy diets
affordability
malnutrition
nutrition
children
food prices
diet
rural areas
Raghunathan, Kalyani
Headey, Derek D.
Herforth, Anna
Affordability of nutritious diets in rural India
title Affordability of nutritious diets in rural India
title_full Affordability of nutritious diets in rural India
title_fullStr Affordability of nutritious diets in rural India
title_full_unstemmed Affordability of nutritious diets in rural India
title_short Affordability of nutritious diets in rural India
title_sort affordability of nutritious diets in rural india
topic income
healthy diets
affordability
malnutrition
nutrition
children
food prices
diet
rural areas
url https://hdl.handle.net/10568/143492
work_keys_str_mv AT raghunathankalyani affordabilityofnutritiousdietsinruralindia
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AT herforthanna affordabilityofnutritiousdietsinruralindia