Micronutrient intake and prevalence of micronutrient inadequacy among women (15-49 y) and children (6-59 mo) in South Kivu and Kongo Central, Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC)

Iron biofortified beans and carotenoid enriched cassava are proposed as a solution to combat iron and vitamin A deficiencies, respectively, in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). To inform the need for biofortified foods, we conducted a survey in 2014 in two provinces of the DRC, South Kivu and...

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Autores principales: Moumin, Najma A., Angel, Moira Donahue, Karakochuk, Crystal D., Michaux, Kristina D., Moursi, Mourad, Foley, Jennifer, Boy, Erick
Formato: Journal Article
Lenguaje:Inglés
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/10568/142856
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author Moumin, Najma A.
Angel, Moira Donahue
Karakochuk, Crystal D.
Michaux, Kristina D.
Moursi, Mourad
Foley, Jennifer
Boy, Erick
author_browse Angel, Moira Donahue
Boy, Erick
Foley, Jennifer
Karakochuk, Crystal D.
Michaux, Kristina D.
Moumin, Najma A.
Moursi, Mourad
author_facet Moumin, Najma A.
Angel, Moira Donahue
Karakochuk, Crystal D.
Michaux, Kristina D.
Moursi, Mourad
Foley, Jennifer
Boy, Erick
author_sort Moumin, Najma A.
collection Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace)
description Iron biofortified beans and carotenoid enriched cassava are proposed as a solution to combat iron and vitamin A deficiencies, respectively, in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). To inform the need for biofortified foods, we conducted a survey in 2014 in two provinces of the DRC, South Kivu and Kongo Central. Unexpectedly, women of reproductive age (WRA; 15–49 y) and their children (6–59 m) had a low prevalence of biochemical iron and vitamin A deficiency, based on ferritin and retinol binding protein, respectively. To better understand the lack of biochemical deficiency of these nutrients, we examined the prevalence of inadequate intake for these and other select nutrients. Dietary intake was assessed using 24-hour recalls among 744 mother-child dyads. Repeat recalls on a non-consecutive day were conducted with a subsample of the study population to account for intra-individual variation and estimate usual intake. In WRA, the prevalence of inadequate iron intakes were 33% and 29% in South Kivu and Kongo Central, respecitvely. The prevalence of inadequate vitamin A intakes among WRA was low in South Kivu (18%) and negligible in Kongo Central (1%). Iron inadequacy was highest in infants (6–11 m) at 82% and 64% in South Kivu and Kongo Central, respectively. Among older children (12–59 m) in both provinces, the prevalence of iron inadequacy was similar at ~20%. There was a high prevalence of inadequate zinc intake in women and children (i.e. 79–86% among WRA and 56–91% among children 6–59 m) consistent with our findings of a high prevalence of low serum zinc in the same sample. Dietary data here corroborate the low prevalence of biochemical vitamin A deficiency but not iron. However, any change to the supply of red palm oil (primary source of vitamin A) would dramatically reduce population vitamin A intakes, thus a carotenoid enriched cassava program may be beneficial as a safety net measure. Crops biofortified with zinc also appear warranted. We caution that our findings cannot be extrapolated to the entire Congo where diverse agro-ecological landscape exist or when political and environmental shocks occur which challenge food production.
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spelling CGSpace1428562025-04-01T14:04:30Z Micronutrient intake and prevalence of micronutrient inadequacy among women (15-49 y) and children (6-59 mo) in South Kivu and Kongo Central, Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) Moumin, Najma A. Angel, Moira Donahue Karakochuk, Crystal D. Michaux, Kristina D. Moursi, Mourad Foley, Jennifer Boy, Erick anaemia biofortification child nutrition nutrient intake vitamin a deficiency retinol nutrition trace elements beans cassava iron Iron biofortified beans and carotenoid enriched cassava are proposed as a solution to combat iron and vitamin A deficiencies, respectively, in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). To inform the need for biofortified foods, we conducted a survey in 2014 in two provinces of the DRC, South Kivu and Kongo Central. Unexpectedly, women of reproductive age (WRA; 15–49 y) and their children (6–59 m) had a low prevalence of biochemical iron and vitamin A deficiency, based on ferritin and retinol binding protein, respectively. To better understand the lack of biochemical deficiency of these nutrients, we examined the prevalence of inadequate intake for these and other select nutrients. Dietary intake was assessed using 24-hour recalls among 744 mother-child dyads. Repeat recalls on a non-consecutive day were conducted with a subsample of the study population to account for intra-individual variation and estimate usual intake. In WRA, the prevalence of inadequate iron intakes were 33% and 29% in South Kivu and Kongo Central, respecitvely. The prevalence of inadequate vitamin A intakes among WRA was low in South Kivu (18%) and negligible in Kongo Central (1%). Iron inadequacy was highest in infants (6–11 m) at 82% and 64% in South Kivu and Kongo Central, respectively. Among older children (12–59 m) in both provinces, the prevalence of iron inadequacy was similar at ~20%. There was a high prevalence of inadequate zinc intake in women and children (i.e. 79–86% among WRA and 56–91% among children 6–59 m) consistent with our findings of a high prevalence of low serum zinc in the same sample. Dietary data here corroborate the low prevalence of biochemical vitamin A deficiency but not iron. However, any change to the supply of red palm oil (primary source of vitamin A) would dramatically reduce population vitamin A intakes, thus a carotenoid enriched cassava program may be beneficial as a safety net measure. Crops biofortified with zinc also appear warranted. We caution that our findings cannot be extrapolated to the entire Congo where diverse agro-ecological landscape exist or when political and environmental shocks occur which challenge food production. 2020-07-01 2024-05-22T12:11:11Z 2024-05-22T12:11:11Z Journal Article https://hdl.handle.net/10568/142856 en https://doi.org/10.3390/nu8020098 https://doi.org/10.3945/jn.117.252635 Open Access Public Library of Science Moumin, Najma A.; Angel, Moira Donahue; Karakochuk, Crystal D.; Michaux, Kristina D.; Moursi, Mourad; Foley, Jennifer; Boy, Erick; et al. 2020. Micronutrient intake and prevalence of micronutrient inadequacy among women (15-49 y) and children (6-59 mo) in South Kivu and Kongo Central, Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). PLoS ONE 15(6): e0223393. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0223393
spellingShingle anaemia
biofortification
child nutrition
nutrient intake
vitamin a deficiency
retinol
nutrition
trace elements
beans
cassava
iron
Moumin, Najma A.
Angel, Moira Donahue
Karakochuk, Crystal D.
Michaux, Kristina D.
Moursi, Mourad
Foley, Jennifer
Boy, Erick
Micronutrient intake and prevalence of micronutrient inadequacy among women (15-49 y) and children (6-59 mo) in South Kivu and Kongo Central, Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC)
title Micronutrient intake and prevalence of micronutrient inadequacy among women (15-49 y) and children (6-59 mo) in South Kivu and Kongo Central, Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC)
title_full Micronutrient intake and prevalence of micronutrient inadequacy among women (15-49 y) and children (6-59 mo) in South Kivu and Kongo Central, Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC)
title_fullStr Micronutrient intake and prevalence of micronutrient inadequacy among women (15-49 y) and children (6-59 mo) in South Kivu and Kongo Central, Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC)
title_full_unstemmed Micronutrient intake and prevalence of micronutrient inadequacy among women (15-49 y) and children (6-59 mo) in South Kivu and Kongo Central, Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC)
title_short Micronutrient intake and prevalence of micronutrient inadequacy among women (15-49 y) and children (6-59 mo) in South Kivu and Kongo Central, Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC)
title_sort micronutrient intake and prevalence of micronutrient inadequacy among women 15 49 y and children 6 59 mo in south kivu and kongo central democratic republic of the congo drc
topic anaemia
biofortification
child nutrition
nutrient intake
vitamin a deficiency
retinol
nutrition
trace elements
beans
cassava
iron
url https://hdl.handle.net/10568/142856
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