The double burden of malnutrition in India: Trends and inequalities (2006–2016)

Rapid urban expansion has important health implications. This study examines trends and inequalities in undernutrition and overnutrition by gender, residence (rural, urban slum, urban non-slum), and wealth among children and adults in India. We used National Family Health Survey data from 2006 and 2...

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Autores principales: Nguyen, Phuong Hong, Scott, Samuel P., Headey, Derek D., Singh, Nishmeet, Tran, Lan Mai, Menon, Purnima, Ruel, Marie T.
Formato: Journal Article
Lenguaje:Inglés
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2021
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Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/10568/142850
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author Nguyen, Phuong Hong
Scott, Samuel P.
Headey, Derek D.
Singh, Nishmeet
Tran, Lan Mai
Menon, Purnima
Ruel, Marie T.
author_browse Headey, Derek D.
Menon, Purnima
Nguyen, Phuong Hong
Ruel, Marie T.
Scott, Samuel P.
Singh, Nishmeet
Tran, Lan Mai
author_facet Nguyen, Phuong Hong
Scott, Samuel P.
Headey, Derek D.
Singh, Nishmeet
Tran, Lan Mai
Menon, Purnima
Ruel, Marie T.
author_sort Nguyen, Phuong Hong
collection Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace)
description Rapid urban expansion has important health implications. This study examines trends and inequalities in undernutrition and overnutrition by gender, residence (rural, urban slum, urban non-slum), and wealth among children and adults in India. We used National Family Health Survey data from 2006 and 2016 (n = 311,182 children 0-5y and 972,192 adults 15-54y in total). We calculated differences, slope index of inequality (SII) and concentration index to examine changes over time and inequalities in outcomes by gender, residence, and wealth quintile. Between 2006 and 2016, child stunting prevalence dropped from 48% to 38%, with no gender differences in trends, whereas child overweight/obesity remained at ~7–8%. In both years, stunting prevalence was higher in rural and urban slum households compared to urban non-slum households. Within-residence, wealth inequalities were large for stunting (SII: -33 to -19 percentage points, pp) and declined over time only in urban non-slum households. Among adults, underweight prevalence decreased by ~13 pp but overweight/obesity doubled (10% to 21%) between 2006 and 2016. Rises in overweight/obesity among women were greater in rural and urban slum than urban non-slum households. Within-residence, wealth inequalities were large for both underweight (SII -35 to -12pp) and overweight/obesity (+16 to +29pp) for adults, with the former being more concentrated among poorer households and the latter among wealthier households. In conclusion, India experienced a rapid decline in child and adult undernutrition between 2006 and 2016 across genders and areas of residence. Of great concern, however, is the doubling of adult overweight/obesity in all areas during this period and the rise in wealth inequalities in both rural and urban slum households. With the second largest urban population globally, India needs to aggressively tackle the multiple burdens of malnutrition, especially among rural and urban slum households and develop actions to maintain trends in undernutrition reduction without exacerbating the rapidly rising problems of overweight/obesity.
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spelling CGSpace1428502025-04-03T21:29:27Z The double burden of malnutrition in India: Trends and inequalities (2006–2016) Nguyen, Phuong Hong Scott, Samuel P. Headey, Derek D. Singh, Nishmeet Tran, Lan Mai Menon, Purnima Ruel, Marie T. maternal and child health gender health boys girls capacity development thinness malnutrition nutrition children men diet obesity women Rapid urban expansion has important health implications. This study examines trends and inequalities in undernutrition and overnutrition by gender, residence (rural, urban slum, urban non-slum), and wealth among children and adults in India. We used National Family Health Survey data from 2006 and 2016 (n = 311,182 children 0-5y and 972,192 adults 15-54y in total). We calculated differences, slope index of inequality (SII) and concentration index to examine changes over time and inequalities in outcomes by gender, residence, and wealth quintile. Between 2006 and 2016, child stunting prevalence dropped from 48% to 38%, with no gender differences in trends, whereas child overweight/obesity remained at ~7–8%. In both years, stunting prevalence was higher in rural and urban slum households compared to urban non-slum households. Within-residence, wealth inequalities were large for stunting (SII: -33 to -19 percentage points, pp) and declined over time only in urban non-slum households. Among adults, underweight prevalence decreased by ~13 pp but overweight/obesity doubled (10% to 21%) between 2006 and 2016. Rises in overweight/obesity among women were greater in rural and urban slum than urban non-slum households. Within-residence, wealth inequalities were large for both underweight (SII -35 to -12pp) and overweight/obesity (+16 to +29pp) for adults, with the former being more concentrated among poorer households and the latter among wealthier households. In conclusion, India experienced a rapid decline in child and adult undernutrition between 2006 and 2016 across genders and areas of residence. Of great concern, however, is the doubling of adult overweight/obesity in all areas during this period and the rise in wealth inequalities in both rural and urban slum households. With the second largest urban population globally, India needs to aggressively tackle the multiple burdens of malnutrition, especially among rural and urban slum households and develop actions to maintain trends in undernutrition reduction without exacerbating the rapidly rising problems of overweight/obesity. 2021-02-01 2024-05-22T12:11:11Z 2024-05-22T12:11:11Z Journal Article https://hdl.handle.net/10568/142850 en Open Access Public Library of Science Nguyen, Phuong Hong; Scott, Samuel; Headey, Derek D.; Singh, Nishmeet; Tran, Lan Mai; Menon, Purnima; and Ruel, Marie T. 2021. The double burden of malnutrition in India: Trends and inequalities (2006–2016). PLoS ONE 16(2): e0247856. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0247856
spellingShingle maternal and child health
gender
health
boys
girls
capacity development
thinness
malnutrition
nutrition
children
men
diet
obesity
women
Nguyen, Phuong Hong
Scott, Samuel P.
Headey, Derek D.
Singh, Nishmeet
Tran, Lan Mai
Menon, Purnima
Ruel, Marie T.
The double burden of malnutrition in India: Trends and inequalities (2006–2016)
title The double burden of malnutrition in India: Trends and inequalities (2006–2016)
title_full The double burden of malnutrition in India: Trends and inequalities (2006–2016)
title_fullStr The double burden of malnutrition in India: Trends and inequalities (2006–2016)
title_full_unstemmed The double burden of malnutrition in India: Trends and inequalities (2006–2016)
title_short The double burden of malnutrition in India: Trends and inequalities (2006–2016)
title_sort double burden of malnutrition in india trends and inequalities 2006 2016
topic maternal and child health
gender
health
boys
girls
capacity development
thinness
malnutrition
nutrition
children
men
diet
obesity
women
url https://hdl.handle.net/10568/142850
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