The impacts of GM foods: Results from a randomized controlled trial of Bt eggplant in Bangladesh

We implemented a cluster randomized controlled trial to assess the impact of genetically modified eggplant (Bt brinjal) in Bangladesh. Our two primary outcomes were changes in yield and in pesticide costs. Cultivation of Bt brinjal raises yields by 3,564 kg/ha. This statistically significant impact...

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Main Authors: Ahmed, Akhter, Hoddinott, John F., Abedin, Naveen, Hossain, Nusrat
Format: Journal Article
Language:Inglés
Published: Agricultural and Applied Economics Association 2021
Subjects:
Online Access:https://hdl.handle.net/10568/142322
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author Ahmed, Akhter
Hoddinott, John F.
Abedin, Naveen
Hossain, Nusrat
author_browse Abedin, Naveen
Ahmed, Akhter
Hoddinott, John F.
Hossain, Nusrat
author_facet Ahmed, Akhter
Hoddinott, John F.
Abedin, Naveen
Hossain, Nusrat
author_sort Ahmed, Akhter
collection Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace)
description We implemented a cluster randomized controlled trial to assess the impact of genetically modified eggplant (Bt brinjal) in Bangladesh. Our two primary outcomes were changes in yield and in pesticide costs. Cultivation of Bt brinjal raises yields by 3,564 kg/ha. This statistically significant impact is equivalent to a 51% increase relative to the control group. There is a statistically significant fall in pesticide costs, 7,175 Taka per hectare (85 USD per ha), a 37.5% reduction. Yield increases arise because Bt farmers harvest more eggplant and because fewer fruits are discarded because they are damaged. Bt brinjal farmers sell more eggplant and receive a higher price for the output they sell while incurring lower input costs, resulting in a 128% increase in net revenues. Bt brinjal farmers used smaller quantities of pesticides and sprayed less frequently. Bt brinjal reduced the toxicity of pesticides as much as 76%. Farmers growing Bt brinjal and who had pre‐existing chronic conditions consistent with pesticide poisoning were 11.5% points less likely to report a symptom of pesticide poisoning and were less likely to incur cash medical expenses to treat these symptoms. Our results are robust to changes in model specification and adjustment for multiple hypothesis testing. We did not find evidence of heterogeneous effects by farmer age, schooling, or land cultivated. Bt brinjal is a publicly developed genetically modified organism that conveys significant productivity and income benefits while reducing the use of pesticides damaging to human and ecological health.
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spelling CGSpace1423222025-02-24T06:48:44Z The impacts of GM foods: Results from a randomized controlled trial of Bt eggplant in Bangladesh Ahmed, Akhter Hoddinott, John F. Abedin, Naveen Hossain, Nusrat crops capacity development eggplants pesticides yields genetically modified organisms We implemented a cluster randomized controlled trial to assess the impact of genetically modified eggplant (Bt brinjal) in Bangladesh. Our two primary outcomes were changes in yield and in pesticide costs. Cultivation of Bt brinjal raises yields by 3,564 kg/ha. This statistically significant impact is equivalent to a 51% increase relative to the control group. There is a statistically significant fall in pesticide costs, 7,175 Taka per hectare (85 USD per ha), a 37.5% reduction. Yield increases arise because Bt farmers harvest more eggplant and because fewer fruits are discarded because they are damaged. Bt brinjal farmers sell more eggplant and receive a higher price for the output they sell while incurring lower input costs, resulting in a 128% increase in net revenues. Bt brinjal farmers used smaller quantities of pesticides and sprayed less frequently. Bt brinjal reduced the toxicity of pesticides as much as 76%. Farmers growing Bt brinjal and who had pre‐existing chronic conditions consistent with pesticide poisoning were 11.5% points less likely to report a symptom of pesticide poisoning and were less likely to incur cash medical expenses to treat these symptoms. Our results are robust to changes in model specification and adjustment for multiple hypothesis testing. We did not find evidence of heterogeneous effects by farmer age, schooling, or land cultivated. Bt brinjal is a publicly developed genetically modified organism that conveys significant productivity and income benefits while reducing the use of pesticides damaging to human and ecological health. 2021-08-01 2024-05-22T12:10:19Z 2024-05-22T12:10:19Z Journal Article https://hdl.handle.net/10568/142322 en https://doi.org/10.2499/p15738coll2.133412 https://hdl.handle.net/10568/147222 Open Access Agricultural and Applied Economics Association Ahmed, Akhter; Hoddinott, John F.; Abedin, Naveen; and Hossain, Nusrat. 2021. The impacts of GM foods: Results from a randomized controlled trial of Bt eggplant in Bangladesh. American Journal of Agricultural Economics 103(4): 1186-1206. https://doi.org/10.1111/ajae.12162
spellingShingle crops
capacity development
eggplants
pesticides
yields
genetically modified organisms
Ahmed, Akhter
Hoddinott, John F.
Abedin, Naveen
Hossain, Nusrat
The impacts of GM foods: Results from a randomized controlled trial of Bt eggplant in Bangladesh
title The impacts of GM foods: Results from a randomized controlled trial of Bt eggplant in Bangladesh
title_full The impacts of GM foods: Results from a randomized controlled trial of Bt eggplant in Bangladesh
title_fullStr The impacts of GM foods: Results from a randomized controlled trial of Bt eggplant in Bangladesh
title_full_unstemmed The impacts of GM foods: Results from a randomized controlled trial of Bt eggplant in Bangladesh
title_short The impacts of GM foods: Results from a randomized controlled trial of Bt eggplant in Bangladesh
title_sort impacts of gm foods results from a randomized controlled trial of bt eggplant in bangladesh
topic crops
capacity development
eggplants
pesticides
yields
genetically modified organisms
url https://hdl.handle.net/10568/142322
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