Changes in anemia and anthropometry during adolescence predict learning outcomes: Findings from a 3-year longitudinal study in India
Background: Anemia and poor physical growth during adolescence have far-ranging consequences, but limited longitudinal evidence exists on how changes in these factors relate to changes in learning skills as adolescents mature. Objectives: We examined the association between changes in anemia and phy...
| Autores principales: | , , , , |
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| Formato: | Journal Article |
| Lenguaje: | Inglés |
| Publicado: |
Elsevier
2022
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| Materias: | |
| Acceso en línea: | https://hdl.handle.net/10568/141314 |
| _version_ | 1855540654445166592 |
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| author | Nguyen, Phuong Hong Walia, Monika Pant, Anjali Menon, Purnima Scott, Samuel P. |
| author_browse | Menon, Purnima Nguyen, Phuong Hong Pant, Anjali Scott, Samuel P. Walia, Monika |
| author_facet | Nguyen, Phuong Hong Walia, Monika Pant, Anjali Menon, Purnima Scott, Samuel P. |
| author_sort | Nguyen, Phuong Hong |
| collection | Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace) |
| description | Background: Anemia and poor physical growth during adolescence have far-ranging consequences, but limited longitudinal evidence exists on how changes in these factors relate to changes in learning skills as adolescents mature. Objectives: We examined the association between changes in anemia and physical growth during adolescence and learning outcomes. Methods: We used longitudinal data from the Understanding the Lives of Adolescents and Young Adults (UDAYA) project, which surveyed adolescents aged 10–19 years in northern India in 2015–16 and 2018–19 (n = 5963). We used multilevel mixed-effects logistic regression models to examine associations between changes in anemia/thinness/stunting status (four groups: never, improved, new, and persistent) and reading (ability to read a story) and math proficiency (ability to solve division problems) at follow-up. Results: Persistent anemia and stunting were higher among girls than boys (46% vs.8% and 37% vs. 14%, respectively), but persistent thinness was lower (7% vs. 16%). Improvement in anemia, thinness and stunting was 1.4–1.7 times higher among boys than girls. Boys who were anemic in both waves were 74% (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 0.26, 95% confidence interval [CI)]: 0.12,0.59) and 65% (AOR 0.35, 95%CI: 0.16,0.76) less likely to be able to read a story and solve division problems, respectively, compared to boys who were non-anemic in both waves. Persistent thinness in boys was negatively associated with both reading (AOR 0.37, 95% CI: 0.21,0.66) and math proficiency (AOR 0.27, 95% CI: 0.16,0.46). Persistent stunting contributed to lower reading and math proficiency in boys and girls (AORs: 0.29 to 0.46). Boys whose anemia or thinness status improved and girls whose stunting status improved had similar learning skills at follow-up as those who were never anemic/thin/stunted. Conclusions: Persistent anemia, thinness and short stature during adolescence was associated with poor learning. Programs targeted at adolescents should contribute to nurturing environments that foster healthy growth and learning. |
| format | Journal Article |
| id | CGSpace141314 |
| institution | CGIAR Consortium |
| language | Inglés |
| publishDate | 2022 |
| publishDateRange | 2022 |
| publishDateSort | 2022 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| publisherStr | Elsevier |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | CGSpace1413142025-10-26T13:01:10Z Changes in anemia and anthropometry during adolescence predict learning outcomes: Findings from a 3-year longitudinal study in India Nguyen, Phuong Hong Walia, Monika Pant, Anjali Menon, Purnima Scott, Samuel P. anaemia education adolescents mathematics anthropometry learning stunting Background: Anemia and poor physical growth during adolescence have far-ranging consequences, but limited longitudinal evidence exists on how changes in these factors relate to changes in learning skills as adolescents mature. Objectives: We examined the association between changes in anemia and physical growth during adolescence and learning outcomes. Methods: We used longitudinal data from the Understanding the Lives of Adolescents and Young Adults (UDAYA) project, which surveyed adolescents aged 10–19 years in northern India in 2015–16 and 2018–19 (n = 5963). We used multilevel mixed-effects logistic regression models to examine associations between changes in anemia/thinness/stunting status (four groups: never, improved, new, and persistent) and reading (ability to read a story) and math proficiency (ability to solve division problems) at follow-up. Results: Persistent anemia and stunting were higher among girls than boys (46% vs.8% and 37% vs. 14%, respectively), but persistent thinness was lower (7% vs. 16%). Improvement in anemia, thinness and stunting was 1.4–1.7 times higher among boys than girls. Boys who were anemic in both waves were 74% (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 0.26, 95% confidence interval [CI)]: 0.12,0.59) and 65% (AOR 0.35, 95%CI: 0.16,0.76) less likely to be able to read a story and solve division problems, respectively, compared to boys who were non-anemic in both waves. Persistent thinness in boys was negatively associated with both reading (AOR 0.37, 95% CI: 0.21,0.66) and math proficiency (AOR 0.27, 95% CI: 0.16,0.46). Persistent stunting contributed to lower reading and math proficiency in boys and girls (AORs: 0.29 to 0.46). Boys whose anemia or thinness status improved and girls whose stunting status improved had similar learning skills at follow-up as those who were never anemic/thin/stunted. Conclusions: Persistent anemia, thinness and short stature during adolescence was associated with poor learning. Programs targeted at adolescents should contribute to nurturing environments that foster healthy growth and learning. 2022-06 2024-04-12T13:37:40Z 2024-04-12T13:37:40Z Journal Article https://hdl.handle.net/10568/141314 en Open Access Elsevier Nguyen, Phuong Hong; Walia, Monika; Pant, Anjali; Menon, Purnima; and Scott, Samuel. 2022. Changes in anemia and anthropometry during adolescence predict learning outcomes: Findings from a 3-year longitudinal study in India. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 115(6): 1549–1558. https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/nqac028 |
| spellingShingle | anaemia education adolescents mathematics anthropometry learning stunting Nguyen, Phuong Hong Walia, Monika Pant, Anjali Menon, Purnima Scott, Samuel P. Changes in anemia and anthropometry during adolescence predict learning outcomes: Findings from a 3-year longitudinal study in India |
| title | Changes in anemia and anthropometry during adolescence predict learning outcomes: Findings from a 3-year longitudinal study in India |
| title_full | Changes in anemia and anthropometry during adolescence predict learning outcomes: Findings from a 3-year longitudinal study in India |
| title_fullStr | Changes in anemia and anthropometry during adolescence predict learning outcomes: Findings from a 3-year longitudinal study in India |
| title_full_unstemmed | Changes in anemia and anthropometry during adolescence predict learning outcomes: Findings from a 3-year longitudinal study in India |
| title_short | Changes in anemia and anthropometry during adolescence predict learning outcomes: Findings from a 3-year longitudinal study in India |
| title_sort | changes in anemia and anthropometry during adolescence predict learning outcomes findings from a 3 year longitudinal study in india |
| topic | anaemia education adolescents mathematics anthropometry learning stunting |
| url | https://hdl.handle.net/10568/141314 |
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