Vulnerability and welfare: Findings from the fourth round of the Myanmar Household Welfare Survey (October to December 2022)
The fourth round of the Myanmar Household Welfare Survey (MHWS), a nationally and regionally representative phone survey, was implemented between October and December 2022. It follows from three rounds that were carried out quarterly beginning in December 2021. This report discusses the findings fro...
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| Format: | Artículo preliminar |
| Language: | Inglés |
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International Food Policy Research Institute
2023
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| Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/10568/140308 |
| _version_ | 1855528450826174464 |
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| author | Myanmar Agriculture Policy Support Activity |
| author_browse | Myanmar Agriculture Policy Support Activity |
| author_facet | Myanmar Agriculture Policy Support Activity |
| author_sort | Myanmar Agriculture Policy Support Activity |
| collection | Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace) |
| description | The fourth round of the Myanmar Household Welfare Survey (MHWS), a nationally and regionally representative phone survey, was implemented between October and December 2022. It follows from three rounds that were carried out quarterly beginning in December 2021. This report discusses the findings from the fourth round related to shocks, coping strategies, and income poverty. The security situation in Myanmar continued to deteriorate during the fourth-round recall period. Increasingly, households felt insecure in their communities, as reported by 22 percent of rural households and 27 percent of urban households, an increase compared to the previous rounds. This is because crime and violence continued to increase, affecting 12 and 8 percent of communities, respectively. Further, 8 percent of households were directly affected, either through violence against a household member, robbery, or appropriation and/or destruction of their assets. Households faced multiple disruptions besides insecurity. Disruptions in banking, internet, and electricity also negatively affected household wellbeing and livelihoods. Further, households struggled to receive medical services. Finally, while school attendance recovered, it was still under 70 percent in some states/regions. Eighty-four percent of households used at least one coping strategy to meet daily needs during the month prior to the fourth-round survey. The three most common coping strategies used were spending savings, reducing non-food expenditure, and reducing food expenditure. This has been consistent across rounds. Further, some households exhausted some or all of their coping strategies. Remittances were the only factor inversely associated with households’ probability of having lower income compared to last year, being income poor, and using coping strategies. In R4 income-based poverty increased by 30 percent compared to R1 (15 percentage points) and 7 percent compared to R3 (4 percentage points). Sixty-six percent of the population was income poor. The rise in income poverty between R3 and R4 was largely attributable to changes in urban poverty. Casual wage-earning households, both farm and non-farm, had the highest levels of income poverty. Compared to the other states/regions, households in Kayah, Chin, and Sagaing were the most vulnerable. They were more likely to be impacted by conflict, have income loss, and be income poor. Despite reporting comparatively less conflict, households in Rakhine were also vulnerable; nearly 80 percent of households in Rakhine were income poor and many were mortgaging/selling assets to cope. |
| format | Artículo preliminar |
| id | CGSpace140308 |
| institution | CGIAR Consortium |
| language | Inglés |
| publishDate | 2023 |
| publishDateRange | 2023 |
| publishDateSort | 2023 |
| publisher | International Food Policy Research Institute |
| publisherStr | International Food Policy Research Institute |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | CGSpace1403082025-11-06T06:33:18Z Vulnerability and welfare: Findings from the fourth round of the Myanmar Household Welfare Survey (October to December 2022) Myanmar Agriculture Policy Support Activity income economic shock rural communities surveys health households vulnerability crime poverty The fourth round of the Myanmar Household Welfare Survey (MHWS), a nationally and regionally representative phone survey, was implemented between October and December 2022. It follows from three rounds that were carried out quarterly beginning in December 2021. This report discusses the findings from the fourth round related to shocks, coping strategies, and income poverty. The security situation in Myanmar continued to deteriorate during the fourth-round recall period. Increasingly, households felt insecure in their communities, as reported by 22 percent of rural households and 27 percent of urban households, an increase compared to the previous rounds. This is because crime and violence continued to increase, affecting 12 and 8 percent of communities, respectively. Further, 8 percent of households were directly affected, either through violence against a household member, robbery, or appropriation and/or destruction of their assets. Households faced multiple disruptions besides insecurity. Disruptions in banking, internet, and electricity also negatively affected household wellbeing and livelihoods. Further, households struggled to receive medical services. Finally, while school attendance recovered, it was still under 70 percent in some states/regions. Eighty-four percent of households used at least one coping strategy to meet daily needs during the month prior to the fourth-round survey. The three most common coping strategies used were spending savings, reducing non-food expenditure, and reducing food expenditure. This has been consistent across rounds. Further, some households exhausted some or all of their coping strategies. Remittances were the only factor inversely associated with households’ probability of having lower income compared to last year, being income poor, and using coping strategies. In R4 income-based poverty increased by 30 percent compared to R1 (15 percentage points) and 7 percent compared to R3 (4 percentage points). Sixty-six percent of the population was income poor. The rise in income poverty between R3 and R4 was largely attributable to changes in urban poverty. Casual wage-earning households, both farm and non-farm, had the highest levels of income poverty. Compared to the other states/regions, households in Kayah, Chin, and Sagaing were the most vulnerable. They were more likely to be impacted by conflict, have income loss, and be income poor. Despite reporting comparatively less conflict, households in Rakhine were also vulnerable; nearly 80 percent of households in Rakhine were income poor and many were mortgaging/selling assets to cope. 2023-04-26 2024-03-14T12:09:17Z 2024-03-14T12:09:17Z Working Paper https://hdl.handle.net/10568/140308 en https://doi.org/10.2499/p15738coll2.135931 https://doi.org/10.2499/p15738coll2.136364 Open Access application/pdf International Food Policy Research Institute Myanmar Agriculture Policy Support Activity (MAPSA). 2023. Vulnerability and welfare: Findings from the fourth round of the Myanmar Household Welfare Survey (October to December 2022). Myanmar SSP Working Paper 33. Washington, DC: International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI). https://doi.org/10.2499/p15738coll2.136688. |
| spellingShingle | income economic shock rural communities surveys health households vulnerability crime poverty Myanmar Agriculture Policy Support Activity Vulnerability and welfare: Findings from the fourth round of the Myanmar Household Welfare Survey (October to December 2022) |
| title | Vulnerability and welfare: Findings from the fourth round of the Myanmar Household Welfare Survey (October to December 2022) |
| title_full | Vulnerability and welfare: Findings from the fourth round of the Myanmar Household Welfare Survey (October to December 2022) |
| title_fullStr | Vulnerability and welfare: Findings from the fourth round of the Myanmar Household Welfare Survey (October to December 2022) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Vulnerability and welfare: Findings from the fourth round of the Myanmar Household Welfare Survey (October to December 2022) |
| title_short | Vulnerability and welfare: Findings from the fourth round of the Myanmar Household Welfare Survey (October to December 2022) |
| title_sort | vulnerability and welfare findings from the fourth round of the myanmar household welfare survey october to december 2022 |
| topic | income economic shock rural communities surveys health households vulnerability crime poverty |
| url | https://hdl.handle.net/10568/140308 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT myanmaragriculturepolicysupportactivity vulnerabilityandwelfarefindingsfromthefourthroundofthemyanmarhouseholdwelfaresurveyoctobertodecember2022 |