Soil aggregation, organic carbon and microbial Biomass as affected by tillage, residue management and cropping systems in tropical ferralsols of Western Kenya

Soil aggregates are important indicators of soil health, nutrient status and ability to resist erosion. This parameter is sensitive to soil disturbances that occasion disintegration of aggregate sizes, loss of organic carbon and physical killing of the soil dwelling macro- and micro-fauna. Numerous...

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Main Authors: Bolo, Peter Omondi, Kihara, Job Maguta, Mucheru-Muna, Monicah, Mugendi, Ezekiel, Kinyua, Michael
Format: Journal Article
Language:Inglés
Published: Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization 2023
Subjects:
Online Access:https://hdl.handle.net/10568/139688
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author Bolo, Peter Omondi
Kihara, Job Maguta
Mucheru-Muna, Monicah
Mugendi, Ezekiel
Kinyua, Michael
author_browse Bolo, Peter Omondi
Kihara, Job Maguta
Kinyua, Michael
Mucheru-Muna, Monicah
Mugendi, Ezekiel
author_facet Bolo, Peter Omondi
Kihara, Job Maguta
Mucheru-Muna, Monicah
Mugendi, Ezekiel
Kinyua, Michael
author_sort Bolo, Peter Omondi
collection Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace)
description Soil aggregates are important indicators of soil health, nutrient status and ability to resist erosion. This parameter is sensitive to soil disturbances that occasion disintegration of aggregate sizes, loss of organic carbon and physical killing of the soil dwelling macro- and micro-fauna. Numerous agronomic practices are promoted to enhance sustainable food production, but little concern has been taken on the effects of such practices on soil aggregate stability and microbial biomass and soil organic carbon, yet these are vital indicators of soil health, nutrient availability and structure maintenance. A study was conducted in western Kenya to assess the effects of tillage, cropping systems and residue management on soil aggregate stability, microbial biomass carbon and soil organic carbon in 2017 and 2020. At both depths assessed (0-5 and 5-15 cm), tillage, cropping systems and residue retention significantly (P ≤ 0.05) affected soil aggregate stability indices. Mean weight diameter (MWD) was significantly higher (P ≤ 0.05) in; Reduced tillage (RT) than conventional tillage (CT) (P ≤ 0.05), maize-soybean intercrop compared to rotation system (P ≤ 0.05), and in residue retention compared to residue removal treatment (P ≤ 0.05). In 2017, microbial biomass carbon (MBC) was not significantly affected by either tillage, reside retention or cropping systems, but was 23 and 29%, respectively, higher in reduced tillage and maize-soybean intercropping systems respectively. In 2020, MBC positively correlated with total nitrogen, SOC and S as opposed to 2017. Soil organic carbon (SOC) was not significantly affected by treatments, but was slightly higher in residue retention (3.57%) and maize-soybean intercropping systems (6.0%). In 2017, large macro-aggregates (LM) at 5 cm depth significantly negatively correlated with Mn while LM (at 15 cm) positively correlated with soil pH, K and Mg. Small macro-aggregates (SM) at 15 cm positively correlated with S but negatively with Al (at both depths), P and Fe. Micro-aggregates (M) at 15 cm positively correlated with P and Al but negatively with Mg. Silt and clay (SC) positively correlated with Al while negatively with Mg and pH at 5 cm. The MWD positively correlated with Ca and Mg. Soil pH and Mg also positively correlated with GMD at 15 cm while Al showed negative correlation. These findings suggest that practicing reduced tillage, combined with residue retention while observing proper cropping systems can markedly reduce the susceptibility of soil to erosion, improve soil organic carbon and increase soil microbial biomass
format Journal Article
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language Inglés
publishDate 2023
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publisher Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization
publisherStr Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization
record_format dspace
spelling CGSpace1396882025-12-08T10:29:22Z Soil aggregation, organic carbon and microbial Biomass as affected by tillage, residue management and cropping systems in tropical ferralsols of Western Kenya Bolo, Peter Omondi Kihara, Job Maguta Mucheru-Muna, Monicah Mugendi, Ezekiel Kinyua, Michael carbon organic carbon tillage soil classification Soil aggregates are important indicators of soil health, nutrient status and ability to resist erosion. This parameter is sensitive to soil disturbances that occasion disintegration of aggregate sizes, loss of organic carbon and physical killing of the soil dwelling macro- and micro-fauna. Numerous agronomic practices are promoted to enhance sustainable food production, but little concern has been taken on the effects of such practices on soil aggregate stability and microbial biomass and soil organic carbon, yet these are vital indicators of soil health, nutrient availability and structure maintenance. A study was conducted in western Kenya to assess the effects of tillage, cropping systems and residue management on soil aggregate stability, microbial biomass carbon and soil organic carbon in 2017 and 2020. At both depths assessed (0-5 and 5-15 cm), tillage, cropping systems and residue retention significantly (P ≤ 0.05) affected soil aggregate stability indices. Mean weight diameter (MWD) was significantly higher (P ≤ 0.05) in; Reduced tillage (RT) than conventional tillage (CT) (P ≤ 0.05), maize-soybean intercrop compared to rotation system (P ≤ 0.05), and in residue retention compared to residue removal treatment (P ≤ 0.05). In 2017, microbial biomass carbon (MBC) was not significantly affected by either tillage, reside retention or cropping systems, but was 23 and 29%, respectively, higher in reduced tillage and maize-soybean intercropping systems respectively. In 2020, MBC positively correlated with total nitrogen, SOC and S as opposed to 2017. Soil organic carbon (SOC) was not significantly affected by treatments, but was slightly higher in residue retention (3.57%) and maize-soybean intercropping systems (6.0%). In 2017, large macro-aggregates (LM) at 5 cm depth significantly negatively correlated with Mn while LM (at 15 cm) positively correlated with soil pH, K and Mg. Small macro-aggregates (SM) at 15 cm positively correlated with S but negatively with Al (at both depths), P and Fe. Micro-aggregates (M) at 15 cm positively correlated with P and Al but negatively with Mg. Silt and clay (SC) positively correlated with Al while negatively with Mg and pH at 5 cm. The MWD positively correlated with Ca and Mg. Soil pH and Mg also positively correlated with GMD at 15 cm while Al showed negative correlation. These findings suggest that practicing reduced tillage, combined with residue retention while observing proper cropping systems can markedly reduce the susceptibility of soil to erosion, improve soil organic carbon and increase soil microbial biomass 2023-01-04 2024-02-27T12:58:18Z 2024-02-27T12:58:18Z Journal Article https://hdl.handle.net/10568/139688 en Open Access application/pdf Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization Bolo, P.O.; Kihara, J.; Mucheru-Muna, M.; Mugendi, E.; Kinyua, M. (2023) Soil aggregation, organic carbon and microbial Biomass as affected by tillage, residue management and cropping systems in tropical ferralsols of Western Kenya. East African Agriculture and Forestry Journal 87(2): p. 125-133 p. ISSN: 0012-8325
spellingShingle carbon
organic carbon
tillage
soil classification
Bolo, Peter Omondi
Kihara, Job Maguta
Mucheru-Muna, Monicah
Mugendi, Ezekiel
Kinyua, Michael
Soil aggregation, organic carbon and microbial Biomass as affected by tillage, residue management and cropping systems in tropical ferralsols of Western Kenya
title Soil aggregation, organic carbon and microbial Biomass as affected by tillage, residue management and cropping systems in tropical ferralsols of Western Kenya
title_full Soil aggregation, organic carbon and microbial Biomass as affected by tillage, residue management and cropping systems in tropical ferralsols of Western Kenya
title_fullStr Soil aggregation, organic carbon and microbial Biomass as affected by tillage, residue management and cropping systems in tropical ferralsols of Western Kenya
title_full_unstemmed Soil aggregation, organic carbon and microbial Biomass as affected by tillage, residue management and cropping systems in tropical ferralsols of Western Kenya
title_short Soil aggregation, organic carbon and microbial Biomass as affected by tillage, residue management and cropping systems in tropical ferralsols of Western Kenya
title_sort soil aggregation organic carbon and microbial biomass as affected by tillage residue management and cropping systems in tropical ferralsols of western kenya
topic carbon
organic carbon
tillage
soil classification
url https://hdl.handle.net/10568/139688
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