Development of methods for improving flowering and seed set of diverse germplasm in cassava breeding

Cassava breeding faces obstacles due to late flowering and poor flower and seed set. The acceleration of breeding processes and the reduction in each cycle’s duration hinge upon efficiently conducting crosses to yield ample progeny for subsequent cycles. Our primary objective was to identify methods...

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Main Authors: Hyde, P.T., Esan, O., Diebiru-Ojo, E.M., Iluebbey, P., Kulakow, Peter A., Peteti, P., Setter, T.L.
Format: Journal Article
Language:Inglés
Published: MDPI 2024
Subjects:
Online Access:https://hdl.handle.net/10568/139313
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author Hyde, P.T.
Esan, O.
Diebiru-Ojo, E.M.
Iluebbey, P.
Kulakow, Peter A.
Peteti, P.
Setter, T.L.
author_browse Diebiru-Ojo, E.M.
Esan, O.
Hyde, P.T.
Iluebbey, P.
Kulakow, Peter A.
Peteti, P.
Setter, T.L.
author_facet Hyde, P.T.
Esan, O.
Diebiru-Ojo, E.M.
Iluebbey, P.
Kulakow, Peter A.
Peteti, P.
Setter, T.L.
author_sort Hyde, P.T.
collection Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace)
description Cassava breeding faces obstacles due to late flowering and poor flower and seed set. The acceleration of breeding processes and the reduction in each cycle’s duration hinge upon efficiently conducting crosses to yield ample progeny for subsequent cycles. Our primary objective was to identify methods that provide tools for cassava breeding programs, enabling them to consistently and rapidly generate offspring from a wide array of genotypes. In greenhouse trials, we examined the effects of the anti-ethylene silver thiosulfate (STS) and the cytokinin benzyladenine (BA). STS, administered via petiole infusion, and BA, applied as an apical spray, combined with the pruning of young branches, significantly augmented the number of flowers. Controls produced no flowers, whereas treatments with pruning plus either BA or STS alone produced an average maximum of 86 flowers per plant, and the combination of pruning, BA and STS yielded 168 flowers per plant. While STS had its primary effect on flower numbers, BA increased the fraction of female flowers from less than 20% to ≥87%, thus increasing the number of progeny from desired parents. Through field studies, we devised an optimal protocol that maintained acceptable levels of phytodamage ratings while substantially increasing seed production per plant compared to untreated plants. This protocol involves adjusting the dosage and timing of treatments to accommodate genotypic variations. As a result, cassava breeding programs can effectively leverage a diverse range of germplasm to develop cultivars with the desired traits.
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spelling CGSpace1393132025-12-08T10:29:22Z Development of methods for improving flowering and seed set of diverse germplasm in cassava breeding Hyde, P.T. Esan, O. Diebiru-Ojo, E.M. Iluebbey, P. Kulakow, Peter A. Peteti, P. Setter, T.L. cassava cytokinins flowering seed set breeding Cassava breeding faces obstacles due to late flowering and poor flower and seed set. The acceleration of breeding processes and the reduction in each cycle’s duration hinge upon efficiently conducting crosses to yield ample progeny for subsequent cycles. Our primary objective was to identify methods that provide tools for cassava breeding programs, enabling them to consistently and rapidly generate offspring from a wide array of genotypes. In greenhouse trials, we examined the effects of the anti-ethylene silver thiosulfate (STS) and the cytokinin benzyladenine (BA). STS, administered via petiole infusion, and BA, applied as an apical spray, combined with the pruning of young branches, significantly augmented the number of flowers. Controls produced no flowers, whereas treatments with pruning plus either BA or STS alone produced an average maximum of 86 flowers per plant, and the combination of pruning, BA and STS yielded 168 flowers per plant. While STS had its primary effect on flower numbers, BA increased the fraction of female flowers from less than 20% to ≥87%, thus increasing the number of progeny from desired parents. Through field studies, we devised an optimal protocol that maintained acceptable levels of phytodamage ratings while substantially increasing seed production per plant compared to untreated plants. This protocol involves adjusting the dosage and timing of treatments to accommodate genotypic variations. As a result, cassava breeding programs can effectively leverage a diverse range of germplasm to develop cultivars with the desired traits. 2024 2024-02-13T14:58:29Z 2024-02-13T14:58:29Z Journal Article https://hdl.handle.net/10568/139313 en Open Access application/pdf MDPI Hyde, P.T., Esan, O., Diebiru-Ojo, E.M., Iluebbey, P., Kulakow, P., Peteti, P. & Setter, T.L. (2024). Development of methods for improving flowering and seed set of diverse germplasm in cassava breeding. Plants, 13(3): 382, 1-14.
spellingShingle cassava
cytokinins
flowering
seed set
breeding
Hyde, P.T.
Esan, O.
Diebiru-Ojo, E.M.
Iluebbey, P.
Kulakow, Peter A.
Peteti, P.
Setter, T.L.
Development of methods for improving flowering and seed set of diverse germplasm in cassava breeding
title Development of methods for improving flowering and seed set of diverse germplasm in cassava breeding
title_full Development of methods for improving flowering and seed set of diverse germplasm in cassava breeding
title_fullStr Development of methods for improving flowering and seed set of diverse germplasm in cassava breeding
title_full_unstemmed Development of methods for improving flowering and seed set of diverse germplasm in cassava breeding
title_short Development of methods for improving flowering and seed set of diverse germplasm in cassava breeding
title_sort development of methods for improving flowering and seed set of diverse germplasm in cassava breeding
topic cassava
cytokinins
flowering
seed set
breeding
url https://hdl.handle.net/10568/139313
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