| Sumario: | Summer and winter crops (cereals, vegetables and food legumes) are suffering from attacks of insect
pests, parasitic weeds and diseases in Ethiopia and Lebanon. The damage is both in quality (Figure 1)
and quantity affecting food security and incomes of farmers. Farmers and development agents’ skills
and knowledge gaps hinder proper management of new and emerging pests and diseases in both
countries. Training of male and female farmers and village level extension staff was given on the
management of insect pests and diseases to improve their skills and knowledge. Farmer participants
for the training in the PHI intervention sites were identified by village level extension staff based uisng
key criteria like educational background, devotion, initiatives, age, and gender.
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