Declining Amazon biomass due to deforestation and subsequent degradation losses exceeding gains

In the Amazon, deforestation and climate change lead to increased vulnerability to forest degradation, threatening its existing carbon stocks and its capacity as a carbon sink. We use satellite L-Band Vegetation Optical Depth (L-VOD) data that provide an integrated (top-down) estimate of biomass car...

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Autores principales: Fawcett, D., Sitch, S., Ciais, Philippe, Wigneron, J.P., Silva Junior, C.H.L., Heinrich, V., Vancutsem, C., Achard, F., Bastos, A., Yang, H., Li, X., Albergel, C., Friedlingstein, P., Aragão, Luiz E.O.C
Formato: Journal Article
Lenguaje:Inglés
Publicado: Wiley 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/10568/135242
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author Fawcett, D.
Sitch, S.
Ciais, Philippe
Wigneron, J.P.
Silva Junior, C.H.L.
Heinrich, V.
Vancutsem, C.
Achard, F.
Bastos, A.
Yang, H.
Li, X.
Albergel, C.
Friedlingstein, P.
Aragão, Luiz E.O.C
author_browse Achard, F.
Albergel, C.
Aragão, Luiz E.O.C
Bastos, A.
Ciais, Philippe
Fawcett, D.
Friedlingstein, P.
Heinrich, V.
Li, X.
Silva Junior, C.H.L.
Sitch, S.
Vancutsem, C.
Wigneron, J.P.
Yang, H.
author_facet Fawcett, D.
Sitch, S.
Ciais, Philippe
Wigneron, J.P.
Silva Junior, C.H.L.
Heinrich, V.
Vancutsem, C.
Achard, F.
Bastos, A.
Yang, H.
Li, X.
Albergel, C.
Friedlingstein, P.
Aragão, Luiz E.O.C
author_sort Fawcett, D.
collection Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace)
description In the Amazon, deforestation and climate change lead to increased vulnerability to forest degradation, threatening its existing carbon stocks and its capacity as a carbon sink. We use satellite L-Band Vegetation Optical Depth (L-VOD) data that provide an integrated (top-down) estimate of biomass carbon to track changes over 2011–2019. Because the spatial resolution of L-VOD is coarse (0.25°), it allows limited attribution of the observed changes. We therefore combined high-resolution annual maps of forest cover and disturbances with biomass maps to model carbon losses (bottom-up) from deforestation and degradation, and gains from regrowing secondary forests. We show an increase of deforestation and associated degradation losses since 2012 which greatly outweigh secondary forest gains. Degradation accounted for 40% of gross losses. After an increase in 2011, old-growth forests show a net loss of above-ground carbon between 2012 and 2019. The sum of component carbon fluxes in our model is consistent with the total biomass change from L-VOD of 1.3 Pg C over 2012-2019. Across nine Amazon countries, we found that while Brazil contains the majority of biomass stocks (64%), its losses from disturbances were disproportionately high (79% of gross losses). Our multi-source analysis provides a pessimistic assessment of the Amazon carbon balance and highlights the urgent need to stop the recent rise of deforestation and degradation, particularly in the Brazilian Amazon.
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spelling CGSpace1352422025-02-19T13:56:14Z Declining Amazon biomass due to deforestation and subsequent degradation losses exceeding gains Fawcett, D. Sitch, S. Ciais, Philippe Wigneron, J.P. Silva Junior, C.H.L. Heinrich, V. Vancutsem, C. Achard, F. Bastos, A. Yang, H. Li, X. Albergel, C. Friedlingstein, P. Aragão, Luiz E.O.C deforestation aboveground biomass carbon sinks In the Amazon, deforestation and climate change lead to increased vulnerability to forest degradation, threatening its existing carbon stocks and its capacity as a carbon sink. We use satellite L-Band Vegetation Optical Depth (L-VOD) data that provide an integrated (top-down) estimate of biomass carbon to track changes over 2011–2019. Because the spatial resolution of L-VOD is coarse (0.25°), it allows limited attribution of the observed changes. We therefore combined high-resolution annual maps of forest cover and disturbances with biomass maps to model carbon losses (bottom-up) from deforestation and degradation, and gains from regrowing secondary forests. We show an increase of deforestation and associated degradation losses since 2012 which greatly outweigh secondary forest gains. Degradation accounted for 40% of gross losses. After an increase in 2011, old-growth forests show a net loss of above-ground carbon between 2012 and 2019. The sum of component carbon fluxes in our model is consistent with the total biomass change from L-VOD of 1.3 Pg C over 2012-2019. Across nine Amazon countries, we found that while Brazil contains the majority of biomass stocks (64%), its losses from disturbances were disproportionately high (79% of gross losses). Our multi-source analysis provides a pessimistic assessment of the Amazon carbon balance and highlights the urgent need to stop the recent rise of deforestation and degradation, particularly in the Brazilian Amazon. 2023-02 2023-12-12T04:39:50Z 2023-12-12T04:39:50Z Journal Article https://hdl.handle.net/10568/135242 en Open Access Wiley Fawcett, D., Sitch, S., Ciais, P., Wigneron, J. P., Silva-Junior, C. H. L., Heinrich, V., Vancutsem, C., Achard, F., Bastos, A., Yang, H., Li, X., Albergel, C., Friedlingstein, P., & Aragão, L. E. O. C. (2023). Declining Amazon biomass due to deforestation and subsequent degradation losses exceeding gains. Global Change Biology, 29(4), 1106-1118. https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.16513
spellingShingle deforestation
aboveground biomass
carbon sinks
Fawcett, D.
Sitch, S.
Ciais, Philippe
Wigneron, J.P.
Silva Junior, C.H.L.
Heinrich, V.
Vancutsem, C.
Achard, F.
Bastos, A.
Yang, H.
Li, X.
Albergel, C.
Friedlingstein, P.
Aragão, Luiz E.O.C
Declining Amazon biomass due to deforestation and subsequent degradation losses exceeding gains
title Declining Amazon biomass due to deforestation and subsequent degradation losses exceeding gains
title_full Declining Amazon biomass due to deforestation and subsequent degradation losses exceeding gains
title_fullStr Declining Amazon biomass due to deforestation and subsequent degradation losses exceeding gains
title_full_unstemmed Declining Amazon biomass due to deforestation and subsequent degradation losses exceeding gains
title_short Declining Amazon biomass due to deforestation and subsequent degradation losses exceeding gains
title_sort declining amazon biomass due to deforestation and subsequent degradation losses exceeding gains
topic deforestation
aboveground biomass
carbon sinks
url https://hdl.handle.net/10568/135242
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