Multi-trait ensemble genomic prediction and simulations of recurrent selection highlight importance of complex trait genetic architecture for long-term genetic gains in wheat

Cereal crop breeders have achieved considerable genetic gain in genetically complex traits, such as grain yield, while maintaining genetic diversity. However, focus on selection for yield has negatively impacted other important traits. To better understand multi-trait selection within a breeding con...

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Main Authors: Fradgley, Nick S., Gardner, Keith A., Bentley, Alison R., Howell, Phil, Mackay, Ian, Scott, Michael F., Mott, Richard, Cockram, James
Format: Journal Article
Language:Inglés
Published: Oxford University Press 2023
Subjects:
Online Access:https://hdl.handle.net/10568/132653
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author Fradgley, Nick S.
Gardner, Keith A.
Bentley, Alison R.
Howell, Phil
Mackay, Ian
Scott, Michael F.
Mott, Richard
Cockram, James
author_browse Bentley, Alison R.
Cockram, James
Fradgley, Nick S.
Gardner, Keith A.
Howell, Phil
Mackay, Ian
Mott, Richard
Scott, Michael F.
author_facet Fradgley, Nick S.
Gardner, Keith A.
Bentley, Alison R.
Howell, Phil
Mackay, Ian
Scott, Michael F.
Mott, Richard
Cockram, James
author_sort Fradgley, Nick S.
collection Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace)
description Cereal crop breeders have achieved considerable genetic gain in genetically complex traits, such as grain yield, while maintaining genetic diversity. However, focus on selection for yield has negatively impacted other important traits. To better understand multi-trait selection within a breeding context, and how it might be optimized, we analysed genotypic and phenotypic data from a genetically diverse, 16-founder wheat multi-parent advanced generation inter-cross population. Compared to single-trait models, multi-trait ensemble genomic prediction models increased prediction accuracy for almost 90 % of traits, improving grain yield prediction accuracy by 3–52 %. For complex traits, non-parametric models (Random Forest) also outperformed simplified, additive models (LASSO), increasing grain yield prediction accuracy by 10–36 %. Simulations of recurrent genomic selection then showed that sustained greater forward prediction accuracy optimized long-term genetic gains. Simulations of selection on grain yield found indirect responses in related traits, involving optimized antagonistic trait relationships. We found multi-trait selection indices could effectively optimize undesirable relationships, such as the trade-off between grain yield and protein content, or combine traits of interest, such as yield and weed competitive ability. Simulations of phenotypic selection found that including Random Forest rather than LASSO genetic models, and multi-trait rather than single-trait models as the true genetic model accelerated and extended long-term genetic gain whilst maintaining genetic diversity. These results (i) suggest important roles of pleiotropy and epistasis in the wider context of wheat breeding programmes, and (ii) provide insights into mechanisms for continued genetic gain in a limited genepool and optimization of multiple traits for crop improvement.
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spelling CGSpace1326532025-11-06T13:03:37Z Multi-trait ensemble genomic prediction and simulations of recurrent selection highlight importance of complex trait genetic architecture for long-term genetic gains in wheat Fradgley, Nick S. Gardner, Keith A. Bentley, Alison R. Howell, Phil Mackay, Ian Scott, Michael F. Mott, Richard Cockram, James genomics population recurrent selection simulation triticum aestivum Cereal crop breeders have achieved considerable genetic gain in genetically complex traits, such as grain yield, while maintaining genetic diversity. However, focus on selection for yield has negatively impacted other important traits. To better understand multi-trait selection within a breeding context, and how it might be optimized, we analysed genotypic and phenotypic data from a genetically diverse, 16-founder wheat multi-parent advanced generation inter-cross population. Compared to single-trait models, multi-trait ensemble genomic prediction models increased prediction accuracy for almost 90 % of traits, improving grain yield prediction accuracy by 3–52 %. For complex traits, non-parametric models (Random Forest) also outperformed simplified, additive models (LASSO), increasing grain yield prediction accuracy by 10–36 %. Simulations of recurrent genomic selection then showed that sustained greater forward prediction accuracy optimized long-term genetic gains. Simulations of selection on grain yield found indirect responses in related traits, involving optimized antagonistic trait relationships. We found multi-trait selection indices could effectively optimize undesirable relationships, such as the trade-off between grain yield and protein content, or combine traits of interest, such as yield and weed competitive ability. Simulations of phenotypic selection found that including Random Forest rather than LASSO genetic models, and multi-trait rather than single-trait models as the true genetic model accelerated and extended long-term genetic gain whilst maintaining genetic diversity. These results (i) suggest important roles of pleiotropy and epistasis in the wider context of wheat breeding programmes, and (ii) provide insights into mechanisms for continued genetic gain in a limited genepool and optimization of multiple traits for crop improvement. 2023-01-01 2023-11-01T18:09:32Z 2023-11-01T18:09:32Z Journal Article https://hdl.handle.net/10568/132653 en Open Access application/pdf Oxford University Press Fradgley, N., Gardner, K. A., Bentley, A. R., Howell, P., Mackay, I. J., Scott, M. F., Mott, R., & Cockram, J. (2023). Multi-trait ensemble genomic prediction and simulations of recurrent selection highlight importance of complex trait genetic architecture for long-term genetic gains in wheat. In Silico Plants, 5(1). https://doi.org/10.1093/insilicoplants/diad002
spellingShingle genomics
population
recurrent selection
simulation
triticum aestivum
Fradgley, Nick S.
Gardner, Keith A.
Bentley, Alison R.
Howell, Phil
Mackay, Ian
Scott, Michael F.
Mott, Richard
Cockram, James
Multi-trait ensemble genomic prediction and simulations of recurrent selection highlight importance of complex trait genetic architecture for long-term genetic gains in wheat
title Multi-trait ensemble genomic prediction and simulations of recurrent selection highlight importance of complex trait genetic architecture for long-term genetic gains in wheat
title_full Multi-trait ensemble genomic prediction and simulations of recurrent selection highlight importance of complex trait genetic architecture for long-term genetic gains in wheat
title_fullStr Multi-trait ensemble genomic prediction and simulations of recurrent selection highlight importance of complex trait genetic architecture for long-term genetic gains in wheat
title_full_unstemmed Multi-trait ensemble genomic prediction and simulations of recurrent selection highlight importance of complex trait genetic architecture for long-term genetic gains in wheat
title_short Multi-trait ensemble genomic prediction and simulations of recurrent selection highlight importance of complex trait genetic architecture for long-term genetic gains in wheat
title_sort multi trait ensemble genomic prediction and simulations of recurrent selection highlight importance of complex trait genetic architecture for long term genetic gains in wheat
topic genomics
population
recurrent selection
simulation
triticum aestivum
url https://hdl.handle.net/10568/132653
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