Reservoirs of pathogenic Leptospira species in Uganda
Introduction: Leptospira are spirochete bacteria, including pathogenic species that cause leptospirosis, a zoonotic disease endemic in the tropics. In Uganda, Leptospira seroprevalence has been reported among outpatients at three hospitals, with human-animal interaction implicated as source of human...
| Autores principales: | , , , , |
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| Formato: | Resumen |
| Lenguaje: | Inglés |
| Publicado: |
2022
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| Acceso en línea: | https://hdl.handle.net/10568/132238 |
| _version_ | 1855532019440680960 |
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| author | Alinaitwe, Lordrick Dürr, S. Kankya, C. Cook, Elizabeth A.J. Mayer-Scholl, A. |
| author_browse | Alinaitwe, Lordrick Cook, Elizabeth A.J. Dürr, S. Kankya, C. Mayer-Scholl, A. |
| author_facet | Alinaitwe, Lordrick Dürr, S. Kankya, C. Cook, Elizabeth A.J. Mayer-Scholl, A. |
| author_sort | Alinaitwe, Lordrick |
| collection | Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace) |
| description | Introduction: Leptospira are spirochete bacteria, including pathogenic species that cause leptospirosis, a zoonotic disease endemic in the tropics. In Uganda, Leptospira seroprevalence has been reported among outpatients at three hospitals, with human-animal interaction implicated as source of human Leptospira exposures. However, corresponding animal Leptospira infection has only been demonstrated in cattle, leaving the status in several potential reservoirs like other livestock species and environmental sources unknown. The current study aims at determining the occurrence, and risk factors for Leptospira infection among livestock species and environmental sources in Uganda.
Method: From a nationwide cross-sectional survey in major livestock slaughter facilities, we performed a real-time PCR test on 2,063 livestock kidney samples from 844 cattle, 761 pigs, 341 goats,117 sheep; and on 93 small mammals. Small mammals (rodents and shrews) were trapped at slaughter facilities and communities within a 500metre radius from slaughter facilities. Age, sex, breed and origin of each sampled animal were noted. Leptospira prevalence was estimated and risk factors for infection among livestock species determined using univariate logistic regression model.
Results: Leptospira infection was detected in 43 of 2,063 livestock samples tested (2.08%, 95% C.I = 1.52-2.80). Infection was highest in sheep (5.13% C.I = 2.25-10.80), 3.32% (95% C.I = 2.26-4.75) in cattle, 1.76% (95% C. I=0.77-3.70) in goats, and 0.39 (95% C.I = 0.10-1.13) in pigs.
Pigs were significantly less infected compared to all other species (p‐value= 0.0008). Indigenous livestock breeds were more infected (p‐value =0.005) compared to their exotic and crossed counterpart. Additionally, older livestock species were significantly infected than the younger ones (p‐value = 0.052). None of the small mammals tested positive.
Conclusion: Livestock in Uganda reserve pathogenic Leptospira species, with sheep and cattle especially of indigenous breed being more significant reservoirs. Small mammals may play a limited role in Leptospira maintenance and transmission in Uganda. |
| format | Abstract |
| id | CGSpace132238 |
| institution | CGIAR Consortium |
| language | Inglés |
| publishDate | 2022 |
| publishDateRange | 2022 |
| publishDateSort | 2022 |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | CGSpace1322382025-11-04T16:27:22Z Reservoirs of pathogenic Leptospira species in Uganda Alinaitwe, Lordrick Dürr, S. Kankya, C. Cook, Elizabeth A.J. Mayer-Scholl, A. animal diseases zoonoses leptospirosis livestock Introduction: Leptospira are spirochete bacteria, including pathogenic species that cause leptospirosis, a zoonotic disease endemic in the tropics. In Uganda, Leptospira seroprevalence has been reported among outpatients at three hospitals, with human-animal interaction implicated as source of human Leptospira exposures. However, corresponding animal Leptospira infection has only been demonstrated in cattle, leaving the status in several potential reservoirs like other livestock species and environmental sources unknown. The current study aims at determining the occurrence, and risk factors for Leptospira infection among livestock species and environmental sources in Uganda. Method: From a nationwide cross-sectional survey in major livestock slaughter facilities, we performed a real-time PCR test on 2,063 livestock kidney samples from 844 cattle, 761 pigs, 341 goats,117 sheep; and on 93 small mammals. Small mammals (rodents and shrews) were trapped at slaughter facilities and communities within a 500metre radius from slaughter facilities. Age, sex, breed and origin of each sampled animal were noted. Leptospira prevalence was estimated and risk factors for infection among livestock species determined using univariate logistic regression model. Results: Leptospira infection was detected in 43 of 2,063 livestock samples tested (2.08%, 95% C.I = 1.52-2.80). Infection was highest in sheep (5.13% C.I = 2.25-10.80), 3.32% (95% C.I = 2.26-4.75) in cattle, 1.76% (95% C. I=0.77-3.70) in goats, and 0.39 (95% C.I = 0.10-1.13) in pigs. Pigs were significantly less infected compared to all other species (p‐value= 0.0008). Indigenous livestock breeds were more infected (p‐value =0.005) compared to their exotic and crossed counterpart. Additionally, older livestock species were significantly infected than the younger ones (p‐value = 0.052). None of the small mammals tested positive. Conclusion: Livestock in Uganda reserve pathogenic Leptospira species, with sheep and cattle especially of indigenous breed being more significant reservoirs. Small mammals may play a limited role in Leptospira maintenance and transmission in Uganda. 2022-11-16 2023-10-13T08:14:59Z 2023-10-13T08:14:59Z Abstract https://hdl.handle.net/10568/132238 en Open Access application/pdf Alinaitwe, L., Dürr, S., Kankya, C., Cook, A. and Mayer-Scholl, A. 2022. Reservoirs of pathogenic Leptospira species in Uganda. Presentation at the 12th International Leptospirosis Society Meeting, Bangkok, Thailand, 13–16 November 2022. Nairobi, Kenya: ILRI. |
| spellingShingle | animal diseases zoonoses leptospirosis livestock Alinaitwe, Lordrick Dürr, S. Kankya, C. Cook, Elizabeth A.J. Mayer-Scholl, A. Reservoirs of pathogenic Leptospira species in Uganda |
| title | Reservoirs of pathogenic Leptospira species in Uganda |
| title_full | Reservoirs of pathogenic Leptospira species in Uganda |
| title_fullStr | Reservoirs of pathogenic Leptospira species in Uganda |
| title_full_unstemmed | Reservoirs of pathogenic Leptospira species in Uganda |
| title_short | Reservoirs of pathogenic Leptospira species in Uganda |
| title_sort | reservoirs of pathogenic leptospira species in uganda |
| topic | animal diseases zoonoses leptospirosis livestock |
| url | https://hdl.handle.net/10568/132238 |
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