Characterizing patterns of seasonal drought stress for use in common bean breeding in East Africa under present and future climates

Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is the second most important source of dietary protein and the third most important source of calories in Africa, especially for the poor. In East Africa, drought is an important constraint to bean production. Therefore, breeding programs in East Africa have been...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Jha, Prakash K., Beebe, Steve, Álvarez Toro, Patricia, Mukankusi, Clare, Ramírez Villegas, Julián Armando
Formato: Journal Article
Lenguaje:Inglés
Publicado: Elsevier 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/10568/132184
_version_ 1855540161942650880
author Jha, Prakash K.
Beebe, Steve
Álvarez Toro, Patricia
Mukankusi, Clare
Ramírez Villegas, Julián Armando
author_browse Beebe, Steve
Jha, Prakash K.
Mukankusi, Clare
Ramírez Villegas, Julián Armando
Álvarez Toro, Patricia
author_facet Jha, Prakash K.
Beebe, Steve
Álvarez Toro, Patricia
Mukankusi, Clare
Ramírez Villegas, Julián Armando
author_sort Jha, Prakash K.
collection Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace)
description Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is the second most important source of dietary protein and the third most important source of calories in Africa, especially for the poor. In East Africa, drought is an important constraint to bean production. Therefore, breeding programs in East Africa have been trying to develop drought resistant varieties of common bean. To do this, breeders need information about seasonal drought stress patterns including their onset, intensity, and duration in the target area of the breeding program, so that they can mimic this pattern during field trials. Using the Decision Support for Agrotechnology Transfer (DSSAT) v4.7 model together with historical and future (Coupled Model Inter-comparison Project 6, CMIP6) climate data, this study categorized Ethiopia, Tanzania, and Uganda into different target population of environments (TPEs) based on historical and future seasonal drought stress patterns. We find that stress-free conditions generally dominate across the three countries under historical conditions (50–80% frequency). These conditions are projected to increase in frequency in Ethiopia by 2–10% but the converse is true for Tanzania (2–8% reduction) and Uganda (17–20% reduction) by 2050 depending on the Shared Socioeconomic Pathway (SSP). Accordingly, by 2050, terminal drought stresses of various intensities (moderate, severe, extreme) are prevalent in 34% of Uganda, around a quarter of Ethiopia, and 40% of the bean growing environments in Tanzania. The TPEs identified in each country serve as a basis for prioritizing breeding activities in national programs. However, to optimize resource use in international breeding programs to develop genotypes that are resilient to future projected stress patterns, we argue that common bean breeding programs should focus primarily on identifying genotypes with tolerance to severe terminal drought, with co-benefits in relation to adaptation to moderate and extreme terminal drought. Little to no emphasis on heat stress is warranted by 2050s.
format Journal Article
id CGSpace132184
institution CGIAR Consortium
language Inglés
publishDate 2023
publishDateRange 2023
publishDateSort 2023
publisher Elsevier
publisherStr Elsevier
record_format dspace
spelling CGSpace1321842025-11-11T19:06:46Z Characterizing patterns of seasonal drought stress for use in common bean breeding in East Africa under present and future climates Jha, Prakash K. Beebe, Steve Álvarez Toro, Patricia Mukankusi, Clare Ramírez Villegas, Julián Armando beans crop improvement climate change climate change adaptation drought stress-water stress computer applications crop production crop modelling Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is the second most important source of dietary protein and the third most important source of calories in Africa, especially for the poor. In East Africa, drought is an important constraint to bean production. Therefore, breeding programs in East Africa have been trying to develop drought resistant varieties of common bean. To do this, breeders need information about seasonal drought stress patterns including their onset, intensity, and duration in the target area of the breeding program, so that they can mimic this pattern during field trials. Using the Decision Support for Agrotechnology Transfer (DSSAT) v4.7 model together with historical and future (Coupled Model Inter-comparison Project 6, CMIP6) climate data, this study categorized Ethiopia, Tanzania, and Uganda into different target population of environments (TPEs) based on historical and future seasonal drought stress patterns. We find that stress-free conditions generally dominate across the three countries under historical conditions (50–80% frequency). These conditions are projected to increase in frequency in Ethiopia by 2–10% but the converse is true for Tanzania (2–8% reduction) and Uganda (17–20% reduction) by 2050 depending on the Shared Socioeconomic Pathway (SSP). Accordingly, by 2050, terminal drought stresses of various intensities (moderate, severe, extreme) are prevalent in 34% of Uganda, around a quarter of Ethiopia, and 40% of the bean growing environments in Tanzania. The TPEs identified in each country serve as a basis for prioritizing breeding activities in national programs. However, to optimize resource use in international breeding programs to develop genotypes that are resilient to future projected stress patterns, we argue that common bean breeding programs should focus primarily on identifying genotypes with tolerance to severe terminal drought, with co-benefits in relation to adaptation to moderate and extreme terminal drought. Little to no emphasis on heat stress is warranted by 2050s. 2023-11 2023-10-09T15:02:23Z 2023-10-09T15:02:23Z Journal Article https://hdl.handle.net/10568/132184 en Open Access application/pdf Elsevier Jha, P.K.; Beebe, S.; Alvareztoro, P.; Mukankusi, C.; Ramirez-Villegas, J. (2023) Characterizing patterns of seasonal drought stress for use in common bean breeding in East Africa under present and future climates. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 342: 109735. ISSN: 0168-1923
spellingShingle beans
crop improvement
climate change
climate change adaptation
drought stress-water stress
computer applications
crop production
crop modelling
Jha, Prakash K.
Beebe, Steve
Álvarez Toro, Patricia
Mukankusi, Clare
Ramírez Villegas, Julián Armando
Characterizing patterns of seasonal drought stress for use in common bean breeding in East Africa under present and future climates
title Characterizing patterns of seasonal drought stress for use in common bean breeding in East Africa under present and future climates
title_full Characterizing patterns of seasonal drought stress for use in common bean breeding in East Africa under present and future climates
title_fullStr Characterizing patterns of seasonal drought stress for use in common bean breeding in East Africa under present and future climates
title_full_unstemmed Characterizing patterns of seasonal drought stress for use in common bean breeding in East Africa under present and future climates
title_short Characterizing patterns of seasonal drought stress for use in common bean breeding in East Africa under present and future climates
title_sort characterizing patterns of seasonal drought stress for use in common bean breeding in east africa under present and future climates
topic beans
crop improvement
climate change
climate change adaptation
drought stress-water stress
computer applications
crop production
crop modelling
url https://hdl.handle.net/10568/132184
work_keys_str_mv AT jhaprakashk characterizingpatternsofseasonaldroughtstressforuseincommonbeanbreedingineastafricaunderpresentandfutureclimates
AT beebesteve characterizingpatternsofseasonaldroughtstressforuseincommonbeanbreedingineastafricaunderpresentandfutureclimates
AT alvareztoropatricia characterizingpatternsofseasonaldroughtstressforuseincommonbeanbreedingineastafricaunderpresentandfutureclimates
AT mukankusiclare characterizingpatternsofseasonaldroughtstressforuseincommonbeanbreedingineastafricaunderpresentandfutureclimates
AT ramirezvillegasjulianarmando characterizingpatternsofseasonaldroughtstressforuseincommonbeanbreedingineastafricaunderpresentandfutureclimates