Surveillance of climate-sensitive zoonotic diseases: Leptospirosis at livestock slaughterhouses in three regions of Uganda

Leptospirosis is an important bacterial zoonosis worldwide and is disproportionately associated with low-income settings and with extreme weather events due to climate change. Transmission to humans often occurs when infected rodents and domestic animals contaminate the environment via urine as the...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Alinaitwe, Lordrick, Wainaina, Martin, Roesel, Kristina, Kankya, C., Dürr, S., Richter, M., Cook, Elizabeth A.J., Mayer-Scholl, Anne
Formato: Póster
Lenguaje:Inglés
Publicado: International Livestock Research Institute 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/10568/131938
_version_ 1855536964381442048
author Alinaitwe, Lordrick
Wainaina, Martin
Roesel, Kristina
Kankya, C.
Dürr, S.
Richter, M.
Cook, Elizabeth A.J.
Mayer-Scholl, Anne
author_browse Alinaitwe, Lordrick
Cook, Elizabeth A.J.
Dürr, S.
Kankya, C.
Mayer-Scholl, Anne
Richter, M.
Roesel, Kristina
Wainaina, Martin
author_facet Alinaitwe, Lordrick
Wainaina, Martin
Roesel, Kristina
Kankya, C.
Dürr, S.
Richter, M.
Cook, Elizabeth A.J.
Mayer-Scholl, Anne
author_sort Alinaitwe, Lordrick
collection Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace)
description Leptospirosis is an important bacterial zoonosis worldwide and is disproportionately associated with low-income settings and with extreme weather events due to climate change. Transmission to humans often occurs when infected rodents and domestic animals contaminate the environment via urine as the bacteria preferentially colonise kidneys. Surveillance of leptospirosis at slaughterhouses can therefore be useful in providing information on vast areas of a country and screening for diseases that are not considered during animal inspections. We determined the prevalence of Leptospira bacteria in the kidneys of 2,030 livestock kidney samples (820 cattle, 761 pigs, 335 goats, 114 sheep), and 117 small mammals by realtime PCR in a cross-sectional survey of slaughter facilities in three regions in Uganda. We extracted DNA and performed real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests targeting the lipL32 gene for pathogenic leptospires. Positive samples with cycle threshold values below 38 were further characterised using single locus sequence typing (SLST) to determine likely genomospecies. PCR products were sequenced by Eurofins Genomics (Ebersberg, Germany) and identification of genomospecies was done using the basic local alignment search tool (BLAST). Multi-locus sequencing typing (MLST) was performed on selected SLST-positive samples to determine sequence types (ST) and likely serogroups. The allelic profiles were analysed using Bionumerics software and the sequence types were determined using the PubMLST database. An overall prevalence of pathogenic leptospires of 2.58 % (95 % confidence intervals [CI]: 1.89–3.42) was observed, with sheep having the highest prevalence (6.12 % CI: 2.69–12.89), followed by cattle (4.25 %, 95 % CI: 2.91–5.98), goats (2.08 %, 95 % CI=0.91–4.38), and pigs (0.46 %, 95 % CI = 0.12–1.31) in decreasing order. The genomospecies L. borgpetersenii (11 in cattle and one in goat), L. kirschneri (five in cattle and four in sheep) and L. interrogans (one in a pig) were determined. Preliminary MLST results on one sample reveal L. kirschneri ST62 which is related to serogroup Grippotyphosa. Surveillance of important zoonoses using slaughterhouses as sentinels has the potential to offer essential information on the epidemiology of important zoonotic diseases in Uganda.
format Poster
id CGSpace131938
institution CGIAR Consortium
language Inglés
publishDate 2023
publishDateRange 2023
publishDateSort 2023
publisher International Livestock Research Institute
publisherStr International Livestock Research Institute
record_format dspace
spelling CGSpace1319382025-11-04T17:57:04Z Surveillance of climate-sensitive zoonotic diseases: Leptospirosis at livestock slaughterhouses in three regions of Uganda Alinaitwe, Lordrick Wainaina, Martin Roesel, Kristina Kankya, C. Dürr, S. Richter, M. Cook, Elizabeth A.J. Mayer-Scholl, Anne zoonoses food safety livestock Leptospirosis is an important bacterial zoonosis worldwide and is disproportionately associated with low-income settings and with extreme weather events due to climate change. Transmission to humans often occurs when infected rodents and domestic animals contaminate the environment via urine as the bacteria preferentially colonise kidneys. Surveillance of leptospirosis at slaughterhouses can therefore be useful in providing information on vast areas of a country and screening for diseases that are not considered during animal inspections. We determined the prevalence of Leptospira bacteria in the kidneys of 2,030 livestock kidney samples (820 cattle, 761 pigs, 335 goats, 114 sheep), and 117 small mammals by realtime PCR in a cross-sectional survey of slaughter facilities in three regions in Uganda. We extracted DNA and performed real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests targeting the lipL32 gene for pathogenic leptospires. Positive samples with cycle threshold values below 38 were further characterised using single locus sequence typing (SLST) to determine likely genomospecies. PCR products were sequenced by Eurofins Genomics (Ebersberg, Germany) and identification of genomospecies was done using the basic local alignment search tool (BLAST). Multi-locus sequencing typing (MLST) was performed on selected SLST-positive samples to determine sequence types (ST) and likely serogroups. The allelic profiles were analysed using Bionumerics software and the sequence types were determined using the PubMLST database. An overall prevalence of pathogenic leptospires of 2.58 % (95 % confidence intervals [CI]: 1.89–3.42) was observed, with sheep having the highest prevalence (6.12 % CI: 2.69–12.89), followed by cattle (4.25 %, 95 % CI: 2.91–5.98), goats (2.08 %, 95 % CI=0.91–4.38), and pigs (0.46 %, 95 % CI = 0.12–1.31) in decreasing order. The genomospecies L. borgpetersenii (11 in cattle and one in goat), L. kirschneri (five in cattle and four in sheep) and L. interrogans (one in a pig) were determined. Preliminary MLST results on one sample reveal L. kirschneri ST62 which is related to serogroup Grippotyphosa. Surveillance of important zoonoses using slaughterhouses as sentinels has the potential to offer essential information on the epidemiology of important zoonotic diseases in Uganda. 2023-09-20 2023-09-21T17:44:05Z 2023-09-21T17:44:05Z Poster https://hdl.handle.net/10568/131938 en Open Access application/pdf International Livestock Research Institute Alinaitwe, L., Wainaina, M., Roesel, K., Kankya, C., Dürr, S., Richter, M., Cook, E. and Mayer-Scholl, A. 2023. Surveillance of climate-sensitive zoonotic diseases: Leptospirosis at livestock slaughterhouses in three regions of Uganda. Poster presented at Tropentag 2023, Berlin, Germany, 20-22 September 2023. Nairobi, Kenya: ILRI.
spellingShingle zoonoses
food safety
livestock
Alinaitwe, Lordrick
Wainaina, Martin
Roesel, Kristina
Kankya, C.
Dürr, S.
Richter, M.
Cook, Elizabeth A.J.
Mayer-Scholl, Anne
Surveillance of climate-sensitive zoonotic diseases: Leptospirosis at livestock slaughterhouses in three regions of Uganda
title Surveillance of climate-sensitive zoonotic diseases: Leptospirosis at livestock slaughterhouses in three regions of Uganda
title_full Surveillance of climate-sensitive zoonotic diseases: Leptospirosis at livestock slaughterhouses in three regions of Uganda
title_fullStr Surveillance of climate-sensitive zoonotic diseases: Leptospirosis at livestock slaughterhouses in three regions of Uganda
title_full_unstemmed Surveillance of climate-sensitive zoonotic diseases: Leptospirosis at livestock slaughterhouses in three regions of Uganda
title_short Surveillance of climate-sensitive zoonotic diseases: Leptospirosis at livestock slaughterhouses in three regions of Uganda
title_sort surveillance of climate sensitive zoonotic diseases leptospirosis at livestock slaughterhouses in three regions of uganda
topic zoonoses
food safety
livestock
url https://hdl.handle.net/10568/131938
work_keys_str_mv AT alinaitwelordrick surveillanceofclimatesensitivezoonoticdiseasesleptospirosisatlivestockslaughterhousesinthreeregionsofuganda
AT wainainamartin surveillanceofclimatesensitivezoonoticdiseasesleptospirosisatlivestockslaughterhousesinthreeregionsofuganda
AT roeselkristina surveillanceofclimatesensitivezoonoticdiseasesleptospirosisatlivestockslaughterhousesinthreeregionsofuganda
AT kankyac surveillanceofclimatesensitivezoonoticdiseasesleptospirosisatlivestockslaughterhousesinthreeregionsofuganda
AT durrs surveillanceofclimatesensitivezoonoticdiseasesleptospirosisatlivestockslaughterhousesinthreeregionsofuganda
AT richterm surveillanceofclimatesensitivezoonoticdiseasesleptospirosisatlivestockslaughterhousesinthreeregionsofuganda
AT cookelizabethaj surveillanceofclimatesensitivezoonoticdiseasesleptospirosisatlivestockslaughterhousesinthreeregionsofuganda
AT mayerschollanne surveillanceofclimatesensitivezoonoticdiseasesleptospirosisatlivestockslaughterhousesinthreeregionsofuganda